A new study shows that SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19 (coronavirus), can infect heart cells in a lab dish, indicating it may be possible for heart cells in COVID-19 patients to be directly infected by the virus.
вторник, 30 июня 2020 г.
Interim Considerations for K-12 School Administrators for SARS-CoV-2 Testing
Interim Considerations for K-12 School Administrators for SARS-CoV-2 Testing
Living in or Visiting Retirement Communities or Independent Living Facilities
Living in or Visiting Retirement Communities or Independent Living Facilities
A revolutionary new treatment alternative to corneal transplantation
A new approach in ophthalmology that offers a revolutionary alternative to corneal transplantation has just been developed by researchers and clinicians in North America, Europe, and Oceania.
Lifting weights makes your nervous system stronger, too
Gym-goers may get frustrated when they don't see results from weightlifting right away, but their efforts are not in vain: the first few weeks of training strengthen the nervous system, not muscles.
Framework for Healthcare Systems Providing Non-COVID-19 Clinical Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Framework for Healthcare Systems Providing Non-COVID-19 Clinical Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Interim Clinical Guidance for Management of Patients with Confirmed Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
Interim Clinical Guidance for Management of Patients with Confirmed Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
Light drinking may protect brain function
Light to moderate drinking may preserve brain function in older age, according to a new study.
New genomic atlas of the developing human brain
Researchers have created a comprehensive region-specific atlas of the regulatory regions of the genome linked to human embryonic brain development.
Life-hack: Rituals spell anxiety relief
Researchers are examining the important roles rituals play in reducing our anxiety levels.
Discovery of key protein behind cancer relapse and progression can lead to new therapies
Reports show that cancer is the second-highest leading cause of death globally. A recent study by scientists provides new evidence supporting the presence of a key mechanism behind progression and relapse in cancer. The study discusses the role of MBNL1 protein as a biomarker for cancer prognosis, which can lead to the development of new treatment strategies for cancer.
Lab-grown 'mini-brains' suggest COVID-19 virus can infect human brain cells
Researchers have found that organoids known as 'mini-brains' can be infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19.
Interim Considerations for Institutions of Higher Education Administrators for SARS-CoV-2 Testing
Interim Considerations for Institutions of Higher Education Administrators for SARS-CoV-2 Testing
Promising therapy for cardiac regeneration
New research gives information in order to understand safety, efficacy and mechanisms of action of a new cardiac therapy.
A vaccine targeting aged cells mitigates metabolic disorders in obese mice
Researchers developed a novel vaccine that removes senescent T cells from adipose tissues. They showed that vaccinated obese mice had improved glucose tolerance and insulin resistance without showing severe adverse events. These findings could help develop a novel therapeutic tool.
Pernicious effects of stigma
The recent killings of unarmed individuals have sparked a national conversation about the treatment of Black people -- and other minorities -- in the United States.
Implants: Can special coatings reduce complications after implant surgery?
New coatings on implants could help make them more compatible. Researchers at the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) have developed a new method of applying anti-inflammatory substances to implants in order to inhibit undesirable inflammatory reactions in the body.
New treatment for common form of muscular dystrophy shows promise in cells, animals
Researchers have designed a potential new treatment for one of the most common forms of muscular dystrophy. Medical researchers have created and tested synthetic DNA-like molecules that interfere with the production of a toxic protein that destroys the muscles of people who have facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD).
Playtime with dad may improve children's self-control
Children whose fathers make time to play with them from a very young age may find it easier to control their behavior and emotions as they grow up, research suggests.
Could your computer please be more polite? Thank you
In a tense time when a pandemic rages, politicians wrangle for votes and protesters demand racial justice, a little politeness and courtesy go a long way. Now researchers have developed an automated method for making communications more polite. Specifically, the method takes nonpolite directives or requests -- those that use either impolite or neutral language -- and restructures them or adds words to make them more well-mannered.
Even when women outnumber men, gender bias persists among science undergrads
Increasing gender diversity has been a long-sought goal across many of the sciences, and interventions and programs to attract more women into fields like physics and math often happen at the undergraduate level. But is representation enough to improve gender diversity in science? In a new study, researchers say there's more to the story: They've found that even when undergraduate women outnumber men in science courses, women may still be experiencing gender biases from their peers.
It's a beautiful day in the neighborhood... or is it?
Contrary to what many would think, characteristics of your neighborhood have little to do with how satisfied you are with it.
Preterm delivery increases long-term risks of ischemic heart disease in women throughout their life
Women who gave birth before their 37th week of pregnancy are at an increased risk of developing ischemic heart disease (IHD) over the course of their life independent of other risk factors such as BMI or smoking, according to a new study. The study findings suggest reproductive history should be routinely included in cardiovascular risk assessments of women.
Ethnolinguistic diversity slows down urban growth
Where various ethnic groups live together, cities grow at a slower rate. That is the conclusion based on worldwide data that shows how the diversity of language groups in 1975 has influenced urban growth 40 years later.
Closer threats inspire a more primitive kind of fear
Your brain handles a perceived threat differently depending on how close it is to you. If it's far away, you engage more problem-solving areas of the brain. But up close, your animal instincts jump into action and there isn't as much reasoning. And that is probably what makes it harder to extinguish the fear of a close-up threat and more likely that you'll have some long-term stress from the experience.
Older adults share fewer memories as they age
Researchers used a smartphone app to 'eavesdrop' on older adult conversations. They found that the older a person is, the less likely they are to share memories of past experiences.
Raw milk may do more harm than good
Raw or unpasteurized cows' milk from U.S. retail stores can hold a huge amount of antimicrobial-resistant genes if left at room temperature, according to a new study.
понедельник, 29 июня 2020 г.
Wearable-tech glove translates sign language into speech in real time
Bioengineers have designed a glove-like device that can translate American Sign Language into English speech in real time though a smartphone app. The system includes a pair of gloves with thin, stretchable sensors that run the length of each of the five fingers. These sensors, made from electrically conducting yarns, pick up hand motions and finger placements that stand for individual letters, numbers, words and phrases.
Humans and monkeys show similar thinking patterns
Humans and monkeys may not speak the same lingo, but our ways of thinking are a lot more similar than previously thought, according to new research.
Blood pressure connected to eye health in young children
Children with impaired microvascular health developed higher systolic blood pressure over the course of a four-year study. Narrowing of retinal arteries in children who began the study with normal blood pressure predicted development of high blood pressure during early childhood.
Ecosystem degradation could raise risk of pandemics
Environmental destruction may make pandemics more likely and less manageable, new research suggests.
Pregnancy stereotypes can lead to workplace accidents
A study of pregnant women in physically demanding jobs found that their fears of confirming stereotypes about pregnant workers as incompetent, weak or less committed to their job could drive them to work extra hard, risking injury.
воскресенье, 28 июня 2020 г.
Toolkit: One Health Approach to Address Companion Animals with SARS-CoV-2
This toolkit provides recommendations for public health and animal health officials involved in managing companion animals diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2.
Travelers Returning from Cruise Ship and River Cruise Voyages
Travelers Returning from Cruise Ship and River Cruise Voyages
Stop the Spread of Rumors
Know the facts about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and help stop the spread of rumors. For up-to-date information, visit CDC's coronavirus disease 2019 situation summary page.
Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of Eye Protection
Purpose: This document offers a series of strategies or options to optimize supplies of eye protection in healthcare settings when there is limited supply. It does not address other aspects of pandemic planning; for those, healthcare facilities can refer to COVID-19 preparedness plans.
Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of Facemasks
Purpose: This document offers a series of strategies or options to optimize supplies of facemasks in healthcare settings when there is limited supply. It does not address other aspects of pandemic planning; for those, healthcare facilities can refer to COVID-19 preparedness plans.
Management of Visitors to Healthcare Facilities in the Context of COVID-19: Non-US Healthcare Settings
Management of Visitors to Healthcare Facilities in the Context of COVID-19: Non-US Healthcare Settings
Strategies for Optimizing Supply of N95 Respirators
Strategies for Optimizing Supply of N95 Respirators
Guidance for Direct Service Providers
CDC has published guidance to support Direct Service Providers (DSPs), including personal care attendants, direct support professionals, paraprofessionals, therapists, and others as they support people with disabilities for COVID-19.
Interim Guidance for Implementing Home Care of People Not Requiring Hospitalization for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Guidance for staff at local and state health departments, infection prevention and control professionals, and healthcare personnel who are coordinating the home care and isolation1 of people with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 infection, including persons under investigation.
Use of Cloth Face Coverings to Help Slow the Spread of COVID-19
Use of Cloth Face Coverings to Help Slow the Spread of COVID-19
About Cloth Face Coverings
COVID-19 spreads mainly from person to person through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people who are nearby or possibly be inhaled into the lungs.
Considerations for Restaurants and Bars
CDC offers considerations for ways in which operators can protect employees, customers, and communities and slow the spread of COVID-19.
суббота, 27 июня 2020 г.
Standardized procedure for broad-based testing for SARS-CoV-2 in congregate settings: Considerations for health departments and healthcare providers
Standardized procedure for broad-based testing for SARS-CoV-2 in congregate settings: Considerations for health departments and healthcare providers
Promising treatment to slow kidney disease doesn't prove out in clinical trial
Progression of kidney disease in type 1 diabetes is correlated with increased amounts of uric acid. A drug that reduces uric acid levels was tested in a multi-institution randomized clinical trial. Though the study did not show the desired clinical benefit, it did provide a very clear answer to an important scientific question.
Repeated head impacts associated with later-life depression symptoms, worse cognitive function
In the largest study of its kind, an association has been found in living patients exposed to repetitive head impacts and difficulties with cognitive functioning and depression years or decades later.
New study examines recursive thinking
A multi-institutional research team found the cognitive ability to represent recursive sequences occurs in humans and non-human primates across age, education, culture and species.
Researchers destroy cancer cells with ultrasound treatment
An international research team has developed a noninvasive technology platform for gene delivery into breast cancer cells. The technique combines ultrasound with tumor-targeted microbubbles.
Designer peptides show potential for blocking viruses, encourage future study
Chemically engineered peptides could prove valuable in the battle against some of the most persistent human health challenges. New findings demonstrate how researchers can engineer peptides capable of selectively and specifically binding to polysialic acid (PSA) -- a carbohydrate that is present in many human cells and plays a key role in various physiological and pathological processes, including neurological development and disease progression.
New protein complex gets chromosomes sorted
Researchers have identified a novel protein complex that regulates Aurora B localization to ensure that chromosomes are correctly separated during cell division. The complex, NWC, is made up of three proteins: NOL11, WDR43, and Cirhin. In the absence of NWC, Aurora B did not accumulate at centromeres, and chromosome movement and alignment were impaired. Together, these results show that NWC is required for faithful chromosome segregation.
Computational model decodes speech by predicting it
UNIGE scientists developed a neuro-computer model which helps explain how the brain identifies syllables in natural speech. The model uses the equivalent of neuronal oscillations produced by brain activity to process the continuous sound flow of connected speech. The model functions according to a theory known as predictive coding, whereby the brain optimizes perception by constantly trying to predict the sensory signals based on candidate hypotheses (syllables in this model).
From the lab, the first cartilage-mimicking gel that's strong enough for knees
The thin, slippery layer of cartilage between the bones in the knee is magical stuff: strong enough to withstand a person's weight, but soft and supple enough to cushion the joint against impact, over decades of repeat use. That combination of soft-yet-strong has been hard to reproduce in the lab. But now, researchers say they've created an experimental gel that's the first to match the strength and durability of the real thing.
Marine training may take more mental than physical grit
A new study identifies psychological measures that may predict who is more likely to complete - or quit - a demanding marine training course.
Comparing 13 different CRISPR-Cas9 DNA scissors
Scientists have achieved the most extensive high-throughput analysis of CRISPR-Cas9 activities. The team developed deep-learning-based computational models that predict the activities of SpCas9 variants for different DNA sequences. This study represents a useful guide for selecting the most appropriate SpCas9 variant.
Long-term use of muscle relaxants has skyrocketed since 2005
Researchers found the drugs were prescribed disproportionately to older adults, often concurrently with opioids, despite warnings against this dangerous combination.
Critical new allergy pathway
Researchers have identified the sequence of molecular events by which tiny, tick-like creatures called house dust mites trigger asthma and allergic rhinitis.
Microbiome of anticancer compound-producing marine invertebrate
Could the cure for melanoma - the most dangerous type of skin cancer -- be a compound derived from a marine invertebrate that lives at the bottom of the ocean? A group of scientists think so, and are looking to the microbiome of an Antarctic ascidian called Synoicum adareanum to better understand the possibilities for development of a melanoma-specific drug.
Scientists devise new 'bar code' method to identify critical cell types in the brain
A discovery could pave the way for future studies aimed at developing solutions to ALS and other vexing neuromuscular diseases.
пятница, 26 июня 2020 г.
Global economic stability could be difficult to recover in the wake of COVID-19 pandemic, finds study
New analysis suggests that the economies of countries such as America, the United Kingdom and Germany should prepare for a long slow recovery with prolonged periods of instability.
Children more resilient against coronavirus, study reveals
Most children with COVID-19 fared better than adults during the first four months of the pandemic, according to a systematic review of 131 studies worldwide.
Many families must 'dance' their way to COVID-19 survival, study finds
Researchers have been studying how families plan ahead and make decisions about family care and family consumption for a long time -- but what happens when planning ahead is not possible? When consumers can't plan ahead, they 'dance'.
Measuring air pollution could help London transport planners fight COVID-19
Measuring air quality across London could help fight COVID-19 by providing a rapid means of deciding whether to reduce public transport movement -- given strong links between exposure to air pollution and COVID-19 transmission, a new study reveals.
EMS calls have dropped 26 percent nationwide in U.S. since the start of the pandemic
Since early March and the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, 911 calls for emergency medical services have dropped by 26.1 percent compared to the past two years.
Estimating COVID-19 spread by looking at past trends of influenza-like illnesses
In order to better understand the spread of the novel coronavirus, new research examines trends in visits to outpatient clinics for influenza-like illnesses in March 2020 as compared to previous years.
'Where are my keys?' and other memory-based choices probed in the brain
Researchers visualize how memories are selectively retrieved in the brain.
Helping consumers in a crisis
A new study shows that the central bank tool known as quantitative easing helped consumers substantially during the last big economic downturn -- a finding with clear relevance for today's pandemic-hit economy.
Selling something? Tap into consumer arrogance
In today's world of consumption, likes and shares, a new study shows that that leveraging consumer arrogance might be marketers' most effective strategy for promoting their brands and products.
COVID-19 costs primary care billions
On average, a full-time primary care physician in the U.S. will lose more than $65,000 in revenue in 2020. Overall, the U.S. primary care sector will lose nearly $15 billion. Losses stem from drastic reductions in office visits and fees for services during COVID-19 shutdowns from March to May. Losses threaten practice viability, reducing further an already insufficient number of primary care providers in the United States.
X-rays size up protein structure at the 'heart' of COVID-19 virus
Researchers have performed the first room temperature X-ray measurements on the SARS-CoV-2 main protease -- the enzyme that enables the virus to reproduce. It marks an important first step in the ultimate goal of building a comprehensive 3D model of the enzymatic protein that will be used to advance supercomputing simulations aimed at finding drug inhibitors to block the virus's replication mechanism and help end the COVID-19 pandemic.
Markets: Operational considerations for COVID-19 mitigation measures in low resource settings
Markets: Operational considerations for COVID-19 mitigation measures in low resource settings
Framework for Implementation of COVID-19 Community Mitigation Measures for Lower-Resource Countries
Framework for Implementation of COVID-19 Community Mitigation Measures for Lower-Resource Countries
четверг, 25 июня 2020 г.
Protecting Seafood Processing Workers from COVID-19
Guidance for seafood processing workers and employers on protection from COVID-19.
Unexpected mental illnesses found in a spectrum of a rare genetic disorder
Researchers found an unexpected spectrum of mental illnesses in patients with a rare gene mutation. These patients had a ''double hit'' condition that combined features and symptoms of fragile X syndrome and premutation disorder, in addition to a range of psychiatric symptoms. The findings revealed the need for clinicians to consider the complexities of the co-existing conditions of patients with both psychological and fragile X associated disorders.
Variability in natural speech is challenging for the dyslexic brain
A new study brings neural-level evidence that the continuous variation in natural speech makes the discrimination of phonemes challenging for adults suffering from developmental reading-deficit dyslexia.
Novel function of platelets in tumor blood vessels found
Scientists have discovered a hitherto unknown function of blood platelets in cancer. In mouse models, these platelets have proved to help preserve the vascular barrier which makes blood-vessel walls selectively impermeable, thereby reducing the spread of tumor cells to other parts of the body.
Control over work-life boundaries creates crucial buffer to manage after-hours work stress
Workers with greater boundary control over their work and personal lives were better at creating a stress buffer to prevent them from falling into a negative rumination trap, says a new study by experts who study occupational stress and employee well-being.
First successful delivery of mitochondria to liver cells in animals
This experiment marks the first time researchers have ever successfully introduced mitochondria into specific cells in living animals. The study lays the groundwork to address a serious gap in treatment for liver diseases and may even eventually be used to treat other maladies throughout the body affected by mitochondrial malfunction or damage.
Three potential new targets for treating epilepsy
A major international study has uncovered three molecules that have the potential to be developed into new drugs to treat epilepsy. The findings are an important step towards discovering new drugs for people with epilepsy whose seizures cannot be controlled with current treatments.
Countries with early adoption of face masks showed modest COVID-19 infection rates
Regions with an early interest in face masks had milder COVID-19 epidemics, experts say.
Entry point for curbing the evolution of antibiotic resistance discovered
Medical researchers have developed a new approach to improving the effectiveness of antibiotics in bacterial infections. The study outlines ways to controlling antibiotic resistance through targeted gene interactions.
Turning alcohol into key ingredients for new medicines
Chemists have found a way to turn alcohol into amino acids, the building blocks of life.
Genetic malfunction of brain astrocytes triggers migraine
Neuroscientists shed a new light on the mechanisms responsible for familial migraine: They show that a genetic dysfunction in specific brain cells of the cingulate cortex area strongly influences head pain occurrence.
Treating leukaemia more effectively
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common kind of cancer in children. T-ALL, a subtype that resembles T-lymphocytes, can be treated successfully with the drug nelarabine. The drug has not been successful, however, with B-ALL, a subtype resembling B-lymphocytes. This has puzzled oncologists sinced the 1980's. Now researchers have discovered the reason: B-ALL cells contain the enzyme SAMHD1, which deactivates the drug.
Economic alien plants more likely to go wild
Ecologist have compiled a global overview of the naturalization success of economic plants, showing that economic use in general, as well as the number and nature of economic uses, are crucial to their establishment in the wild.
Molecular simulations show how drugs block key receptors
Many pharmaceuticals work by targeting what are known as ''G-protein-coupled receptors''. In a new study, scientists describe how they have been able to predict how special molecules that can be used in new immunotherapy against cancer bind to these receptors. The researchers' calculation methods are a vital contribution to future structure-based drug design.
Scientists discover cellular structure of poorly understood visual brain region
The brain's ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (vLGN) receives signals from the eye, but it is not associated with classical image-forming. For decades little was known about this brain region's cellular structure and purpose. In a new study, neuroscientists reveal newly identified brain cell subtypes unique to this region that form a striking layered formation.
Consumers can distinguish between bitter tastes in beer -- doesn't alter liking
Although most beer consumers can distinguish between different bitter tastes in beer, this does not appear to influence which beer they like. It seems they just like beer, regardless of the source of the bitterness.
A shorter IQ test for children with special needs
For decades, neuropsychologists have used the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children test as the gold-standard intelligence quotient (IQ) test to determine the intellectual abilities of children with special needs. However, this comprehensive test can take up to 2 hours to complete, and many children with special needs have a difficult time participating in such long tests.
Biomedical researchers get closer to why eczema happens
A new study may help to peel back the layers of unhealthy skin -- at least metaphorically speaking -- and get closer to a cure.
Medicinal cannabis may reduce behavioral problems in kids with intellectual disabilities
Cannabidiol, a type of medicinal cannabis, may reduce severe behavioral problems in children and adolescents with an intellectual disability a new study has found.
Bringing burnt bones back to 'life' using 3D technology
Forensic scientists have discovered a new way of presenting fragile evidence, by reconstructing a 'jigsaw' of human bone fragments using 3D printing. In the first known study of its kind, researchers took fragmented burnt human bones and tested the ability to make 3D models suitable to be shown to a jury in court.
Transgenic rice lowers blood pressure of hypertensive rats
In the future, taking your blood pressure medication could be as simple as eating a spoonful of rice. This 'treatment' could also have fewer side effects than current blood pressure medicines. As a first step, researchers have made transgenic rice that contains several anti-hypertensive peptides. When given to hypertensive rats, the rice lowered their blood pressure.
Faulty brain processing of new information underlies psychotic delusions
Problems in how the brain recognizes and processes novel information lie at the root of psychosis, researchers have found. Their discovery that defective brain signals in patients with psychosis could be altered with medication paves the way for new treatments for the disease.
среда, 24 июня 2020 г.
Inflammatory bowel disease linked to doubling in dementia risk
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is linked to a more than doubling in the risk of developing dementia, finds new research.
Simple device monitors health using sweat
A device that monitors health conditions in the body using a person's sweat has been developed.
Air pollution major risk for cardiovascular disease regardless of country income
From low-income countries to high-income countries, long-term exposure to fine particulate outdoor air pollution is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease and death, a new study found. But even small reductions in air pollution levels can result in a reduction of disease risk.
Bedtime media use linked to less sleep in children who struggle to self-regulate behavior
Researchers followed 547 children for a week and measured their media use and sleep patterns. For children who generally struggle to self-regulate their behavior, screen time in the hour before bed was associated with less sleep. Media use in children who scored high on measures of effortful control was not related to less sleep.
COVID-19: Herd immunity threshold could be lower, study finds
Herd immunity to COVID-19 could be achieved with less people being infected than previously estimated, according to new research.
New research confirms higher rates of new coronavirus in Latinx populations
A study of testing results across Johns Hopkins Medicine testing sites highlights coronavirus racial disparities in the Baltimore-Washington area.
Urine test reveals quality of your diet -- and whether it's the best fit for your body
Scientists have completed large-scale tests on a new type of five-minute urine test that measures the health of a person's diet, and produces an individual's unique urine 'fingerprint'.
SARS-CoV-2: New insights on antibody testing and RNA testing
Two new papers address testing modalities for tracking SARS-CoV-2. Reverse transcriptase PCR (rt-PCR) tests for current infection. Antibody tests reveal that an infection has taken place, even long after the fact.
A second COVID-19 wave could be avoided if social distancing and the use of face masks are maintained, study finds
A model developed by ISGlobal shows that deconfinement must be gradual and that individual behaviour is a key factor.
Wildfire smoke has immediate harmful health effects
Exposure to wildfire smoke affects the body's respiratory and cardiovascular systems almost immediately, according to new research.
Scientists support the use of ultraviolet light to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission indoors
An international team of researchers advocates the use of UV-C light in indoor spaces as a way to reduce the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 viruses. This solution meets the requirements of fast, scalable, and affordable implementation to fulfill the needs of disinfecting working spaces, such as offices, schools, healthcare facilities, and public transportation, to name a few.
Early pandemic paradox: Fewer UK deaths from December 2019 to March 2020 compared to the previous 5 years
An analysis of national weekly mortality rates in the United Kingdom between December 2019 and March 2020, compared to the same period for the previous five years, has shown that there have been fewer deaths registered this year during the lead up to the Covid-19 pandemic.
Current serotype of dengue virus in Singapore disguises itself to evade vaccines and therapeutics
Singapore saw 1,158 dengue cases in the week ending 13 June 2020, the highest number of weekly dengue cases ever recorded since 2014. The dengue virus serotype 3 (DENV3), which is currently circulating in Singapore, can undergo dramatic structural changes that enable it to resist vaccines and therapeutics, reveal findings from a new study. The findings could guide the development of effective vaccines and therapeutics against dengue infection.
Tongue microbes provide window to heart health
Microorganisms on the tongue could help diagnose heart failure, according to new research. 'The tongues of patients with chronic heart failure look totally different to those of healthy people,' said one of the researchers.
Reducing the damage of a heart attack
Cardiology researchers have discovered how a key protein can help the heart regulate oxygen and blood flow and repair damage.
COVID-19 Recommendations for Pet Stores, Pet Distributors, and Pet Breeding Facilities
COVID-19 Recommendations for Pet Stores, Pet Distributors, and Pet Breeding Facilities
CDC in Action
CDC is aggressively responding to the global outbreak of COVID-19 and preparing for the potential of community spread in the United States.
New class of precision medicine strips cancer of its DNA defenses
A new precision medicine targeting cancer's ability to repair its DNA has shown promising results in the first clinical trial of the drug class. The new study, designed to test the drug's safety, found that half of patients given the new drug either alone or with platinum chemotherapy saw their cancer stop growing, and two patients saw their tumours shrink or disappear completely.
Super-strong surgical tape detaches on demand
Engineers have designed a super-strong, detachable adhesive that may someday replace surgical sutures.
Pioneering research reveals certain human genes relate to gut bacteria
The role genetics and gut bacteria play in human health has long been a fruitful source of scientific inquiry, but new research marks a significant step forward in unraveling this complex relationship. Its findings could transform our understanding and treatment of all manner of common diseases, including obesity, irritable bowel syndrome, and Alzheimer's disease.
вторник, 23 июня 2020 г.
Role-play shows which expectant dads will thrive as new fathers
A five-minute role-play done with men before the birth of their first child predicted the quality of their parenting after the baby arrived, a new study showed.
Gear treated with 'forever chemicals' poses risk to firefighters
Researchers tested more than 30 samples of used and unused PPE from six specialty textile manufacturers in the United States and found them to be treated extensively with PFAS or constructed with fluoropolymers, a type of PFAS used to make textiles oil and water resistant.
Scientists use protein, RNA to make hollow, spherical sacks called vesicles
Using protein and RNA, scientists have created hollow, spherical sacks known as vesicles. These bubble-like entities -- which form spontaneously when specific protein and RNA molecules are mixed in an aqueous buffer solution -- hold potential as biological storage compartments. They could serve as an alternative to traditional vesicles that are made from water-insoluble organic compounds called lipids, researchers say.
Profiling of lone terrorists is flawed
Terrorism has typically been considered an organised activity undertaken by networks of individuals who share a collective identity and purpose. However, in recent years, media, law enforcement and scholarly attention has increasingly focused on the construct of the lone terrorist - although a criminology expert argues that this approach may be flawed.
Daily Life and Coping
You can take steps to protect the health of you and your family during a COVID-19 outbreak. Learn what you can do to plan and prepare.
Environmental conditions found to affect stability of virus that causes COVID-19
A new study found that environmental conditions affect the stability of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in human nasal mucus and sputum.
Babies with COVID-19 tend to have mild illness, mostly with fever
A new report shows that infants under 90 days of age who tested positive for COVID-19 tend to be well, with little or no respiratory involvement. Fever was often found to be the primary or only symptom.
MMR vaccine could protect against the worst symptoms of COVID-19
Administering the MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccine could serve as a preventive measure to dampen septic inflammation associated with COVID-19 infection, say experts.
Fighting the COVID-19 pandemic through testing
Research labs are racing to develop innovative testing methods and overcome the bottlenecks to more widespread testing, which is crucial to controlling the spread of the disease.
A furry social robot can reduce pain and increase happiness
Researchers have discovered that a single, 60-minute interaction with PARO actually improved mood as well as reduced mild or severe pain. When participants touched PARO, they experienced greater pain reduction than when it was simply present in their room.
Social and behavioral factors most closely associated with dying
Smoking, divorce and alcohol abuse have the closest connection to death out of 57 social and behavioural factors analyzed in this study. The researchers analyzed data collected from 13,611 adults in the U.S. between 1992 and 2008, and identified which factors applied to those who died between 2008 and 2014. They intentionally excluded biological and medical factors.
Guidance for U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Staff for the Establishment and Management of Public Health Rapid Response Teams for Disease Outbreaks: COVID-19 Disease Supplement
Guidance for U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Staff for the Establishment and Management of Public Health Rapid Response Teams for Disease Outbreaks: COVID-19 Disease Supplement
Post-Deployment Processes: COVID-19 Considerations
Post-Deployment Processes: COVID-19 Considerations
What Nail Salon Employees Need to Know about COVID-19
What Nail Salon Employees Need to Know about COVID-19
понедельник, 22 июня 2020 г.
Decline in green energy spending might offset COVID-era emissions benefits
Researchers have documented short-term environmental benefits during the COVID-19-related lockdown, but that silver lining could be far outweighed by a long-term decline on clean energy investments, a new study finds.
Immune cells infiltrating tumors may play bigger cancer role than previously thought
Researchers uncovered in mice how a molecule involved in cells' response to stress determines whether macrophages promote inflammation in the tumor microenvironment. Inflammation is known to promote tumor growth, making this molecule an attractive target for drug development.
Critically ill COVID-19 patients are 10 times more likely to develop cardiac arrhythmias
Patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to an intensive care unit were 10 times more likely than other hospitalized COVID-19 patients to suffer cardiac arrest or heart rhythm disorders, according to a new study.
Hamsters develop protective immunity to COVID-19 and are protected by convalescent sera
In an animal model for COVID-19 that shares important features of human disease, scientists show that prior infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus provides protection against reinfection, and treatment with convalescent serum limits virus replication in their lungs.
Initial COVID-19 infection rate may be 80 times greater than originally reported
A new study estimates that the number of early COVID-19 cases in the U.S. may have been more than 80 times greater and doubled nearly twice as fast as originally believed.
COVID-19 lockdown reveals human impact on wildlife
An international team of scientists is investigating how animals are responding to reduced levels of human activity during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Online program improves insomnia in adolescent and young adult cancer survivors
Researchers show that an online program developed specifically for AYA cancer survivors can significantly alleviate insomnia and improve overall quality of life.
This enigmatic protein sculpts DNA to repair harmful damage
Sometimes, when something is broken, the first step to fixing it is to break it even more. Scientists have discovered this is the case for a DNA-repairing enzyme that marks then further breaks damaged DNA. Their surprising findings have provided much-needed insight into how DNA repair works in healthy cells, as well as how different mutations can translate into different diseases and cancer.
What does the 'love hormone' do? It's complicated
Much of what we know about the actions of neuromodulators like oxytocin comes from behavioral studies of lab animals in standard lab conditions. These conditions are strictly controlled and artificial, in part so that researchers can limit the number of variables affecting behavior. A number of recent studies suggest that the actions of a mouse in a semi-natural environment can teach us much more about natural behavior, and maybe apply those findings to humans.
Vitamin D may help prevent a common side effect of anti-cancer immunotherapy
published in CANCER indicates that taking vitamin D supplements may help prevent a potentially serious side effect of a revolutionary form of anti-cancer therapy.
Breakthrough discovery to transform prostate cancer treatment
A novel formulation of the prostate cancer drug abiraterone acetate - currently marketed as Zytiga - will dramatically improve the quality of life for people suffering from prostate cancer, as pre-clinical trials show the new formulation improves the drug's effectiveness by 40 per cent.
Higher rates of severe COVID-19 in BAME populations remain unexplained
Higher rates of severe COVID-19 infections in Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) populations are not explained by socioeconomic or behavioral factors, cardiovascular disease risk, or by vitamin D status, according to new research.
More than 80 percent of Americans report nation's future is significant source of stress
More than 8 in 10 Americans (83 percent) say the future of our nation is a significant source of stress, according to the American Psychological Association's most recent survey report.
Crowded homes, poor neighborhoods linked to COVID-19
A study of nearly 400 pregnant women is among the first to show that socioeconomic status and household crowding increase the risk of getting COVID-19.
COVID-19 affects adolescent and young adults sexual and reproductive health
Social distancing and limited access to contraceptive and abortion care during the COVID-19 pandemic is affecting the sexual and reproductive health of adolescents and young adults according to a new study.
Boston partnership leverages local manufacturing to quickly produce reusable face shields
Researchers at a major Boston academic medical center designed, fabricated, tested, and implemented a reusable face shield for front-line medical staff within a couple of weeks.
First known case of a potentially deadly heart rhythm disturbance induced by chloroquine therapy for COVID-19 reported
Clinicians should carefully monitor patients treated with chloroquine therapy, particularly elderly women and others at higher risk for heart rhythm abnormalities, investigators caution in new article.
Clear signs of brain injury with severe COVID-19
Certain patients who receive hospital care for coronavirus infection (COVID-19) exhibit clinical and neurochemical signs of brain injury, a new study shows. In even moderate COVID-19 cases, finding and measuring a blood-based biomarker for brain damage proved to be possible.
Urban density not linked to higher coronavirus infection rates, study finds
A new study suggests that denser places, assumed by many to be more conducive to the spread of the coronavirus that causes COVID-19, are not linked to higher infection rates.
Diabetic ketoacidosis threatens hospitalized patients with COVID-19
Diabetic ketoacidosis is a common and potentially fatal complication in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, according to a new clinical perspective.
Identify the Primary Components of COVID-19 Case Investigation
Identify the Primary Components of COVID-19 Case Investigation
Medicinal leech genome sequenced
A new study offers insights into the powerful anticoagulants contained in the saliva of leeches most often used in medical practice.
COVID-19 toll in nursing homes linked to staffing levels and quality
A new study shows that residents of long-term care facilities with lower nurse staffing levels, poorer quality scores, and higher concentrations of disadvantaged residents suffer from higher rates of confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths.
Sugary drink tax models show health gains, cost reductions, but vary by tax design
A simulation model details how different taxing strategies for sodas and other sugary drinks could impact health gains linked to heart attacks, strokes and diabetes while also lowering health care costs in the US. Three types of taxation on sugary drinks lower healthcare costs, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, but some -- such as taxing sugar content -- perform even better than taxing based on the volume of the beverage.
Identify Jurisdiction-Specific Case Investigation Tools
Identify Jurisdiction-Specific Case Investigation Tools
Identify Jurisdiction-Specific Contact Tracing Tools and Protocols
Identify Jurisdiction-Specific Contact Tracing Tools and Protocols
Analyze Contact Tracing Encounters for Continuous Quality Improvement
Analyze Contact Tracing Encounters for Continuous Quality Improvement
воскресенье, 21 июня 2020 г.
Shining light on a malignant lung cancer
Treating a rare type of malignant lung cancer could improve, thanks to near-infrared irradiation and a cancer-targeting compound.
суббота, 20 июня 2020 г.
Adolescents from disadvantaged neighborhoods show gene regulation differences
An 18-year study of 2,000 children born in England and Wales found that young adults raised in communities marked by more economic deprivation, physical dilapidation, social disconnection, and danger display differences in the epigenome -- the proteins and chemical compounds that regulate the activity of their genes. The findings suggest that gene regulation may be one biological pathway through which neighborhood disadvantage 'gets under the skin' to engender long-term health disparities.
The rate we acquire genetic mutations could help predict lifespan, fertility
Differences in the rate that genetic mutations accumulate in healthy young adults could help predict remaining lifespan in both sexes and the remaining years of fertility in women, according to scientists. Their study, believed to be the first of its kind, found that young adults who acquired fewer mutations over time lived about five years longer than those who acquired them more rapidly.
An Approach for Monitoring and Evaluating Community Mitigation Strategies for COVID-19
An Approach for Monitoring and Evaluating Community Mitigation Strategies for COVID-19
Community Mitigation
Actions that persons and communities can take to help slow the transmission of the virus in communities.
Community Mitigation
Actions that persons and communities can take to help slow the transmission of the virus in communities.
Silicosis: Ominous resurgence of an occupational lung condition reported
A new study documents an increased incidence of silicosis, which progressed rapidly to massive pulmonary fibrosis in a significant proportion of patients who had previously worked artificial stone (AS), also called artificial quartz agglomerate or conglomerate, a popular new countertop material, despite cessation of exposure after diagnosis.
пятница, 19 июня 2020 г.
Renewed hope for treatment of pain and depression
Researchers have developed LIH383, a novel molecule that binds to and blocks a previously unknown opioid receptor in the brain, thereby modulating the levels of opioid peptides produced in the central nervous system (CNS) and potentiating their natural painkilling and antidepressant properties.
New light shone on inflammatory cell death regulator
Australian researchers have made significant advances in understanding the inflammatory cell death regulatory protein MLKL and its role in disease.
How cancer drugs find their targets could lead to a new toolset for drug development
Cellular processes such as transcription often take place in tiny cellular droplets called condensates. A new study shows the mechanism by which small molecules, including cancer drugs, are concentrated in these droplets -- a finding that could have implications for the development of new cancer therapeutics. If researchers could tailor a chemical to seek out and concentrate in one kind of droplet in particular, it might have a positive effect on the delivery efficiency of the drug.
Memory impairment in mice reduced by soy derivate that can enter the brain intact
Researchers have found that a soy-derived protein fragment that reaches the brain after being ingested reduces memory degradation in mice with an induced cognitive impairment, providing a new lead for the development of functional foods that help prevent mental decline.
Physical activity prevents almost 4 million early deaths worldwide each year
At least 3.9 million early deaths are being averted worldwide every year by people being physically active, according to a new study using data from 168 countries. By showing how many deaths are averted, it might also be possible to frame the debate in a positive way and this could have benefits to advocacy, policy and population messaging.
Fantastic muscle proteins and where to find them
Setting out to identify all proteins that make up the sarcomere, the basic contractile unit of muscle cells, resulted in an unexpected revelation, providing experimental evidence that helps explain a fundamental mystery about how muscles work.
Gut bacteria may modify behavior in worms, influencing eating habits
Gut bacteria are tiny but may play an outsized role not only in the host animal's digestive health, but in their overall well-being. According to a new study, specific gut bacteria in the worm may modify the animal's behavior, directing its dining decisions.
Suggestions for Youth and Summer Camps
CDC offers considerations for ways in which camp administrators can help protect campers, staff, and communities, and slow the spread of COVID-19.
Human brain size gene triggers bigger brain in monkey fetus
A human-specific gene causes a larger neocortex in the common marmoset, a non-human primate.
четверг, 18 июня 2020 г.
Sedentary behavior independently predicts cancer mortality
In the first study to look at objective measures of sedentary behavior and cancer mortality, researchers found that greater inactivity was independently associated with a higher risk of dying from cancer.
Meat and Poultry Processing Facility Assessment Toolkit
Tools and resources for occupational safety and health professionals and state and local public health officials assessing meat and poultry processing facilities.
Meat and Poultry Processing Workers and Employers
Guidance for Meat and Poultry Processing Workers and Employers
Nanoparticle for overcoming leukemia treatment resistance
One of the largest problems with cancer treatment is the development of resistance to anticancer therapies. A research team found that repurposing a commonly used chemotherapy drug using a nanoparticle was more effective than both a solution of the pure drug and other available treatments.
Decide now or wait for something better? Our standards drop over time
When we make decisions, we don't always have all options available to choose from at the same time. Instead they often come one after another, as for example when we search for an apartment or a flight ticket. So we have to decide on something without knowing if a better option might have come along later. A study has shown that our standards drop more and more in the course of decision-making.
Simulating cooperation in local communities
A new simulation-based approach is introduced which could help to reduce the proportion of people who misuse welfare payoffs, through a cost-effective system which rewards individuals who use them responsibly.
Viruses can steal our genetic code to create new human-virus genes
A new study unveils a novel mechanism that allows viruses to produce unexpected proteins.
Age discrimination laws don't protect older women as they do older men
Older women in the workforce should be considered collectively as a unique demographic group that includes both gender and age if they're to receive adequate protection against workplace discrimination, according to a new article.
Using LEGO to test children's ability to visualize and rotate 3D shapes in space
Researchers have developed a test that uses children's ability to assemble LEGO pieces to assess their spatial visualization ability. Spatial visualization is the ability to visualize 3D shapes in one's mind, which is tied to increased GPAs and graduation rates in STEM college students.
Not smoking and being socially active keys to longevity
Researchers have discovered some of the secrets to longevity with new research revealing not smoking and being social engaged throughout older age are common traits of New Zealand centenarians.
A deep-learning E-skin decodes complex human motion
A deep-learning powered single-strained electronic skin sensor can capture human motion from a distance. The single strain sensor placed on the wrist decodes complex five-finger motions in real time with a virtual 3D hand that mirrors the original motions. The deep neural network boosted by rapid situation learning (RSL) ensures stable operation regardless of its position on the surface of the skin.
Earth's species have more in common than previously believed
In the largest mapping of proteins ever to be conducted across different species, an international team of researchers have analysed and compared the proteins of 100 animal, plant and bacterial species. The different life forms appear to have remarkable similarities when looking at their proteins. The new study has also doubled the number of experimentally confirmed proteins.
Non-invasive fetal oxygen monitor could make for safer deliveries
A device to directly measure blood oxygen saturation in a fetus during labor has been developed by researchers at UC Davis. By providing better information about the health of a fetus right before birth, the device could both reduce the rate of Cesarean sections and improve outcomes in difficult deliveries.
For babies born with a rare immune deficiency, a unique new test to better target care
A new test will enable better management of patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID).
To make a good impression, leave cell phone alone during work meetings
New hires especially should keep their cell phones stashed away during business meetings, a new study strongly implies. Researchers have just published an article that finds viewers perceive someone who appears to be using their cell phone during a business meeting far more negatively than someone who takes notes on a pad.
Open-source machine learning tool connects drug targets with adverse reactions
Scientists develop AI-based tool to predict adverse drug events. Such events are responsible for some 2 million U.S. hospitalizations per year. The free, open-source system could enable safer drug design, optimize drug safety.
Poor sleep significantly linked with teenage depression
Teenagers who experience very poor sleep may be more likely to experience poor mental health in later life, as depressed teens in study slept 30 minutes less per night than other groups.
Brainsourcing automatically identifies human preferences
Researchers have developed a technique, using artificial intelligence, to analyze opinions and draw conclusions using the brain activity of groups of people. This technique, which the researchers call ''brainsourcing'', can be used to classify images or recommend content, something that has not been demonstrated before.
среда, 17 июня 2020 г.
Discovery allows 3D printing of sensors directly on expanding organs
Mechanical engineers and computer scientists have developed a 3D printing technique that uses motion capture technology, similar to that used in Hollywood movies, to print electronic sensors directly on organs that are expanding and contracting.
Is Santa real? Examining children's beliefs in cultural figures and 'non-real' people
Young children understand dinosaurs and The Wiggles are (or were!) real, and that fictional characters like Peter Pan and Spongebob are not real -- but cultural figures like Santa or the Tooth Fairy occupy an ambiguous place in a child's pantheon, a new study suggests.
Envy coupled with competition divides society into an upper and lower class, game theoretical study shows
Can class differences come about endogenously, i.e. independent of birth and education? Researchers pursued this issue in a game theoretical study. They were able to show that the basic human need to compare oneself with others may be the root cause of the formation of social classes.
Previous COVID-19 Forecasts: New Hospitalizations
Learn about COVID-19 forecasts and modeling for new hospitalizations.
Interim Guidance for Implementing Home Care of People Not Requiring Hospitalization for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Guidance for staff at local and state health departments, infection prevention and control professionals, and healthcare personnel who are coordinating the home care and isolation1 of people with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 infection, including persons under investigation.
FAQs for Correctional and Detention Facilities
FAQs for administrators, staff, people who are incarcerated, families
Light-activated 'CRISPR' triggers precision gene editing and super-fast DNA repair
In a series of experiments using human cancer cell lines, scientists say they have successfully used light as a trigger to make precise cuts in genomic material rapidly, using a molecular scalpel known as CRISPR, and observe how specialized cell proteins repair the exact spot where the gene was cut.
Why do so many of us feel guilty about taking a lunch break?
New research from health psychologists explores why some employees feel guilty about taking their legally entitled breaks.
Guía interina para implementar cuidados en casa a las personas que no requieran hospitalización por la enfermedad del coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)
Spanish version of existing page Interim Guidance for Implementing Home Care of People Not Requiring Hospitalization for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Microbes might manage your cholesterol
Researchers discover a link between human blood cholesterol levels and a gene in the microbiome that could one day help people manage their cholesterol through diet, probiotics, or entirely new types of treatment.
Liver perfusion could save 7 in 10 rejected donor livers
A major study investigating the effectiveness of liver perfusion as a technique to improve the function of donor livers that would have otherwise been rejected has shown that up to 7 in every 10 could be used after just 4-6 hours of the assessment.
A sugar hit to help destroy cancer cells
Like any cells in the body, cancer cells need sugar -- namely glucose -- to fuel cell proliferation and growth. However, researchers have unlocked a weakness in a common type of cancer cell: sugar inflexibility. That is, when cancer cells are exposed to a different type of sugar - galactose - the cells can't adapt, and will die.
Oral antibiotics work, shorten hospital stays for IV drug users with infections
A combination of IV and oral antibiotics can effectively treat invasive infections in people who inject illicit drugs, according to a new study. The findings mean that patients who do not wish to stay in the hospital for weeks of IV antibiotic treatment can leave and complete taking their prescribed antibiotics at home.
New nanoparticle drug combination for atherosclerosis
Physicochemical cargo-switching nanoparticles (CSNP) can help significantly reduce cholesterol and macrophage foam cells in arteries, which are the two main triggers for atherosclerotic plaque and inflammation.
A fair reward ensures a good memory
By deciphering the neural dialogue between the brain's reward and memory networks, a new study demonstrates that the lasting positive effect of a reward on the ability of individuals to retain a variety of information.
Young people with early psychosis may not require antipsychotic medications to recover
Researchers have found that some young people with early stage first episode psychosis (FEP) can experience reduced symptoms and improve functioning without antipsychotic medication when they are provided with psychological interventions and comprehensive case management.
Half of the world's population exposed to increasing air pollution
Half of the world's population is exposed to increasing air pollution, new research has shown.
Nanosponges could intercept coronavirus infection
Nanoparticles cloaked in human lung cell membranes and human immune cell membranes can attract and neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 virus in cell culture, causing the virus to lose its ability to hijack host cells and reproduce.
Hurricane season combined with COVID-19 pandemic could create perfect storm
When extreme climate conditions interact with stressors to social systems, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the consequences could be severe unless experts from diverse backgrounds work together to develop comprehensive solutions to combat their negative impacts.
Endogenous insulin production is preserved in Type 1 diabetes with anti-TNF drug
A study found that a drug called golimumab preserved beta-cell function in children and young adults with newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes, according to findings from a Phase 2 study.
Irregular findings common in knees of young competitive alpine skiers
Bony lesions on the lower part of the thigh bone near the knee are a common but benign finding on MRI in young alpine skiers and should not be confused with more serious conditions, according to a new study.
Two new, powerful small molecules may be able to kill cancers that other therapies can't
Scientists have identified and developed two potent small molecules that appear to suppress tumor growth in multiple cancers even when other treatments cease to work, possibly due to the development of drug resistance. Called CS1 and CS2, these cancer inhibitor compounds are part of a protein known as ''fat mass and obesity-associated protein.'' This FTO protein plays a critical role in cancer development and progression, primarily because it regulates cancer stem cells and immune evasion.
Exercise offers 'profound' benefits for Friedreich's ataxia, research suggests
Well-timed exercise programs may slow the progression of Friedreich's ataxia, which robs patients of their ability to walk, new research suggests.
New discovery paves way for next generation malaria vaccine
New findings pave the way for a novel, next generation genetically attenuated parasite (GAP) vaccine against the deadliest form of malaria in humans.
60 minutes of endurance training is enough to shift body clock in mice
New research shows that just one 60 minutes bout of exercise shifted the muscle clocks of mice by around an hour in either direction. If this research is replicated in humans, it makes a case for prescribing exercise for night-shift workers and for treating diseases like heart disease, both of which can result in disrupted clocks throughout the body.
вторник, 16 июня 2020 г.
Could the cure for IBD be inside your mouth?
A new collaborative study reveals that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be the latest condition made worse by poor oral health via a clash between the mouth and gut microbiomes.
How does our brain trigger different sighs? New findings could provide answers
One group of neurons controls various types of sighing, but they receive their instructions from different areas of the brain depending on the reason for the sigh, according to a new study.
Brain research sheds light on the molecular mechanisms of depression
A new study reveals how symptoms indicating depression and anxiety are linked to brain function changes already in healthy individuals.
Simulated sea slug gets addicted to drug
Scientists built a computer model of a simple brain network based on that of a sea slug, taught it how to get food, gave it an appetite and the ability to experience reward, added a dash of something called homeostatic plasticity and then exposed it to a very intoxicating drug. To no one's surprise, the creature became addicted.
Depression associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease
A new study provides further evidence of the link between depressive symptoms and an increased risk of heart disease and early death.
Following a variety of healthy eating patterns associated with lower heart disease risk
Greater adherence to a variety of healthy eating patterns was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease.
Susceptibility to carcinogens varies due to genetics
A new study looks into how and why certain individuals develop cancer and others do not.
Working in the sun: Heating of the head may markedly affect safety and performance
Prolonged exposure of the head to strong sunlight significantly impairs cognitively dominated functions and coordination of complex motor tasks shows a new study. This may have important implications for work safety and productivity.
Traits associated with increased risk of gun use among high-risk adolescents
Research out today identifies traits among high-risk adolescents associated with increased risk for gun use. Among high-risk adolescents, those with greater callous-unemotional traits were more likely to carry a gun and to use a gun during a crime over a four-year period following an initial arrest, according to a new study.
Wearable patch may provide new treatment option for skin cancer
Innovators have created a novel wearable patch to provide an improved treatment experience for people with melanoma. The researchers developed a novel wearable patch with fully miniaturized needles, enabling unobtrusive drug delivery through the skin for the management of skin cancers.
Scientists propose explanation for baffling form of childhood OCD
Scientists may have found a cause for the sudden onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in some children, they report. Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders, or PANDAS, were first proposed in the 1990s. Thought to be triggered by streptococcal infections, they account for an unknown portion of youth OCD cases. But the biology underpinning this disorder has baffled scientists.
понедельник, 15 июня 2020 г.
Calling for nursing support amid COVID-19 pandemic
In a new editorial, researchers call for rapid policy reform and investment in nurses and nursing in order to leverage the skills of this global workforce.
No single solution helps all students complete MOOCs
In one of the largest educational field experiments ever conducted, researchers found that promising interventions to help students complete online courses were not effective on a massive scale -- suggesting that targeted solutions are needed to help students in different circumstances or locations.
COVID-19 pandemic could decimate outdoor environmental, science education programs
A survey of 1,000 outdoor education programs nationwide finds that nearly two-thirds are in danger of folding because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Such programs connect youth with the world around them and teach about nature, with documented academic, health and social benefits. But most programs are conducted by residential outdoor science schools, nature centers, parks and zoos, not in traditional classrooms. The loss will be felt disproportionately by students of color and low-income students.
Maternal transmission of COVID-19 to baby during pregnancy is uncommon, study finds
Transmission of COVID-19 from mother to baby during pregnancy is uncommon, and the rate of infection is no greater when the baby is born vaginally, breastfed or allowed contact with the mother, according to a new study.
Researchers develop model to predict likelihood of testing positive for COVID-19, disease outcomes
A new risk prediction model for healthcare providers can forecast an individual patient's likelihood of testing positive for COVID-19 as well as their outcomes from the disease.
Combination drug treatments for COVID-19 show promise in cell culture tests
Researchers have established a cell culture that allows them to test antibody-laden plasma, drugs and drug combinations in the laboratory. A screen of 136 safe-in-human antiviral drugs and identified six promising candidates. One combination of two drugs was so effective that researchers hope others can begin clinical trials on the drugs now.
COVID-19 hospitalizations could mean significant out-of-pocket medical costs for many Americans
If past hospitalizations for pneumonia and other respiratory illnesses are any guide, many Americans could face high out-of-pocket medical costs for COVID-19 hospitalizations.
Study examines the prevalence of COVID-19 infections in pregnant women
A new paper reports on the prevalence of infections with the SARS-CoV-2 virus in women admitted to labor and delivery units in several Boston hospitals.
3D X-ray reveals secrets from inside bones
Researchers have uncovered a previously unknown substructure in bone tissue using a new X-ray technique to produce 3D images of the internal structure of bones. The discovery potentially questions fundamentally a number of the models of bone tissue and the mechanical properties of bones that, among other things, is used to describe the process of bone formation.
Multi-ethnic study suggests vitamin K may offer protective health benefits in older age
A new, multi-ethnic study found adults aged 54-76 with low circulating vitamin K levels were more likely to die within 13 years compared to those with adequate levels, suggesting vitamin K may offer protective health benefits as we age.
Diluting blood plasma rejuvenates tissue, reverses aging in mice
A new study reveals that replacing half of the blood plasma with a mixture of saline and albumin reverses signs of aging and rejuvenates muscle, brain and liver tissue in old mice. The research team is currently finalizing clinical trials to determine if a modified plasma exchange in humans could be used to treat age-associated diseases and improve the overall health of older people.
Role of lipid rafts in virus infiltration
New research sheds light on how and why the cell membrane forms and grows lipid rafts triggered by ligand-receptor activity. The work could lead to new strategies and innovative approaches to prevent or fight the action of the virus through the integration of biomedical and engineering knowledge.
Key Strategies to Prepare for COVID-19 in Long-term Care Facilities (LTCFs)
Key Strategies to Prepare for COVID-19 in Long-term Care Facilities (LTCFs)
Artificial synapse that works with living cells created
Researchers have created a device that can integrate and interact with neuron-like cells. This could be an early step toward an artificial synapse for use in brain-computer interfaces.
Muscles support a strong immune system
In the fight against cancer or chronic infections, the immune system must be active over long periods of time. However, in the long run, the immune defense system often becomes exhausted. Scientists have now found initial evidence in mice that skeletal muscles help to keep the immune system functional in chronic diseases.
Significant parental hesitancy about routine childhood and influenza vaccines
A national study measuring parental attitudes toward vaccinations found 6.1% were hesitant about routine childhood immunizations while nearly 26% were hesitant about the influenza vaccine.
Protect your home
You can plan and make decisions now that will protect you and your family during a COVID-19 outbreak. Learn what you can do to prepare your home and family.
Testing Strategy for Coronavirus (COVID-19) in High-Density Critical Infrastructure Workplaces after a COVID-19 Case Is Identified
Testing Strategy for Coronavirus (COVID-19) in High-Density Critical Infrastructure Workplaces after a COVID-19 Case Is Identified
Artificial intelligence estimates peoples' ages
Wrinkles, furrows, spots: a person's aging process is accompanied by tell-tale signs on their face. Researchers have developed an algorithm that interprets these features very reliably.
Exposure to air pollution impairs cellular energy metabolism
Exposure to air particulate matter impairs the metabolism of olfactory mucosal cells, according to a recent study. The results can contribute to a better understanding of how air pollutants may harm brain health, as the olfactory mucosa can act as a key pathway to the brain.
Study demonstrates feasibility of hologram technology in liver tumor ablation
Data from one of the first clinical uses of augmented reality guidance with electromagnetically tracked tools shows that the technology may help doctors quickly, safely, and accurately deliver targeted liver cancer treatments, according to new research.
House-call model tapping interventional radiology improves outcomes and access to care
Interventional radiologists participating in a collaborative house call model in rural Indiana helped reduce emergency department use by 77% and hospital readmissions by 50 percent for nearly 1,000 elderly homebound patients with chronic illnesses, according to a new research.
Novel treatment for mesothelioma shows promise for patients
A novel treatment for advanced mesothelioma is safe and effective and may improve the quality of life for patients who have few treatment options, according to new research. Transarterial chemoperfusion treatment for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) comes with minimal side effects and shows promise for extending the lives of patients who have limited or no remaining treatment options.
Interim guidance for homeless service providers to plan and respond to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Interim guidance for homeless service providers to plan and respond to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Alcohol and Substance Use
Increased stress can lead to increases in alcohol and substance use. If you or someone you care about is starting to use alcohol or other substances, or is increasing their use during the COVID-19 pandemic, there are resources that may help.
Candidates who use humor on Twitter may find the joke is on them
Political candidates' use of humor on social media could sometimes backfire on them with potential supporters, new research suggests. People were more likely to view messages using humor as inappropriate for a political candidate they didn't know, the study found. That led participants to rate a candidate using humor as less credible than one who didn't -- and less likely to get their vote.
Interim Guidance for Implementing Safety Practices for Critical Infrastructure Workers Who May Have Had Exposure to a Person with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19
Interim Guidance for Implementing Safety Practices for Critical Infrastructure Workers Who May Have Had Exposure to a Person with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19
воскресенье, 14 июня 2020 г.
COVID-19 Staffing Guidance for State, Tribal, Local, and Territorial Health Departments
This web page contains COVID-19 staffing guidance for state, tribal, local, and territorial health departments.
Children and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Tips to keep children healthy while school's out
Children and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Tips to keep children healthy while school's out
Siblings of infants who have died suddenly and unexpectedly at 10-fold risk of same death
The siblings of infants who have died suddenly and unexpectedly run 10 times the risk of dying in the same way, indicates a long term analysis of monitoring data.
суббота, 13 июня 2020 г.
CDC releases consolidated COVID-19 testing recommendations
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has released consolidated recommendations for COVID-19 testing, including interim testing guidelines for nursing home residents and healthcare personnel, as well as testing strategy options for high-density critical infrastructure workplaces after a COVID-19 case is identified. These recommendations compile and update previous testing guidance.
Protecting scientific diversity
The COVID-19 pandemic means that scientists face great challenges because they have to reorient, interrupt or even cancel research and teaching. A team of international scientists are highlighting the precarious situation of many scientists and calling for a collective effort by the scientific community, especially from its leadership, to protect decades of effort to build an inclusive scientific community.
Only 1 in 3 COVID-19 research authors are women, and even fewer are senior authors
Women make up only a third of all authors who have published research on COVID-19 since the beginning of the pandemic in January this year, and even fewer of them are senior authors on these papers, suggests a recent analysis.
Survey suggests the importance of clearly communicating coronavirus risk, behaviors
A newly published analysis of March survey data sheds light on our understanding of how perceptions of the virus impact behavior, finding individuals who perceive greater risk from COVID-19 were more likely to engage in protective behaviors like hand-washing and social distancing.
A protein that helps to fight viruses can also block lung damage repair
Researchers have found that a protein which is initially helpful in the body's immune response to a virus, can later interfere with the repair of lung tissue. The work highlights the need for careful consideration regarding the use of this protein to treat viruses, including coronavirus.
Scientists uncover immune cells that may lower airway allergy and asthma risk
Scientists offer a clue to why non-allergic people don't have a strong reaction to house dust mites. They've uncovered a previously unknown subset of T cells that may control allergic immune reactions and asthma from ever developing in response to house dust mites -- and other possible allergens.
Researchers uncover cancer cell vulnerabilities; may lead to better cancer therapies
A new study reveals a protein responsible for genetic changes resulting in a variety of cancers, may also be the key to more effective, targeted cancer therapy.
Fuel walking and cycling with low carbon diets
Walking and cycling have many benefits and help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but researchers say we need to think about what people eat to fuel their walking and cycling.
Repairing thousands of disease-causing mutations
Researchers have created a new searchable library of base editors -- an especially efficient and precise kind of genetic corrector. Using experimental data from editing more than 38,000 target sites in cells with 11 of the most popular base editors (BEs), they created a machine learning model that accurately predicts base editing outcomes. Called BE-Hive, the library is free and open to the public.
Unlocking PNA's superpowers for self-assembling nanostructures
Researchers have developed a method for self-assembling nanostructures with gamma-modified peptide nucleic acid, a synthetic mimic of DNA. The process has the potential to impact nanomanufacturing and future biomedical technologies like targeted diagnostics and drug delivery.
CDC in Action
CDC is aggressively responding to the global outbreak of COVID-19 and preparing for the potential of community spread in the United States.
Study identifies mechanism affecting X chromosome that could lead to new disease therapies
Learning how to inactivate and reactivate an X chromosome would have important implications for medicine. A notable category of beneficiaries could be people with certain congenital diseases known as X-linked disorders, which are caused by mutations in genes on the X chromosome.
Silicones may lead to cell death
Silicone molecules from breast implants can initiate processes in human cells that lead to cell death, according to new research
237+ million medication errors made every year in England
More than 237 million medication errors are made every year in England, the avoidable consequences of which cost the NHS upwards of £98 million and more than 1700 lives every year, indicate national estimates.
Discovering how the brain works through computation
Researchers propose a new computational system to expand the understanding of the brain at an intermediate level, between neurons and cognitive phenomena such as language. They have developed a brain architecture based on neuronal assemblies, and they demonstrate its use in the syntactic processing in the production of language; their model is consistent with recent experimental results.
Chemotherapy/immunotherapy combo shows promise for first-line treatment of mesothelioma
Inoperable malignant pleural mesothelioma, is a rare and aggressive cancer of the protective lining of the lungs, or pleura, often caused by exposure to asbestos.
Harnessing pickle power to promote dental health
A research team evaluated 14 different types of Sichuan pickles from southwest China. They extracted 54 different strains of Lactobacilli and found that one, L. plantarum K41, significantly reduced the incidence and severity of cavities. K41 was also highly tolerant of acids and salts, an additional benefit as a probiotic for harsh oral conditions. It also could have potential commercial value when added to dairy products.
пятница, 12 июня 2020 г.
As rare animals disappear, scientist faces 'ecological grief'
Five years before the novel coronavirus ran rampant around the world, saiga antelopes from the steppes of Eurasia experienced their own epidemic.
Breastfeeding helps counteracts BMI gain in children at high risk for obesity
For people whose genes put them at risk of becoming obese, exclusive breastfeeding as a baby can help ward off weight gain later in life.
Putting 'super' in natural killer cells
Using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and deleting a key gene, researchers have created natural killer cells -- a type of immune cell -- with measurably stronger activity against a form of leukemia, both in vivo and in vitro.
Adult stem cell study shows fish oil may help with depression
A new study shows that patient-derived adult stem cells can be used to model major depressive disorder and test how a patient may respond to medication and that fish oil, when tested in the model, created an antidepressant response.
Researchers model human stem cells to identify degeneration in glaucoma
More than 3 million Americans have glaucoma, a serious eye condition causing vision loss. Using human stem cell models, researchers found they could analyze deficits within cells damaged by glaucoma, with the potential to use this information to develop new strategies to slow the disease process.
Turning fluorescent tags into cancer killers
Fluorophores with one oxygen atom replaced by a sulfur atom can be triggered with light to create reactive oxygen species within cancer cells, killing them.
Dopamine signaling allows neural circuits to generate coordinated behaviors
For a nematode worm, a big lawn of the bacteria that it eats is a great place for it to disperse its eggs so that each hatchling can emerge into a nutritive environment. That's why when a worm speedily roams about a food patch it methodically lays its eggs as it goes. A new study by neuroscientists investigates this example of action coordination - where egg-laying is coupled to the animal's roaming - to demonstrate how a nervous system coordinates distinct behavioral outputs. That's a challenge many organisms face, albeit in different ways, during daily life.
From bacteria to you: The biological reactions that sustain our rhythms
Methylation and the circadian clock are both conserved mechanisms found in all organisms. Researchers found that inhibiting methylation with a specific compound disrupts the circadian clock in most organisms except bacteria. The team transformed specific methylation genes from bacteria into animal cells to rescue said inhibition, opening potentially new treatments for methylation deficiencies.
Baboon model could aide in Alzheimer's disease interventions
Scientists recently published findings indicating the baboon could prove to be a relevant model to test therapeutics and interventions for neurodegenerative diseases, such as early stage Alzheimer's and related dementias.
Interim Infection Prevention and Control Guidance for Veterinary Clinics During the COVID-19 Response
Interim Infection Prevention and Control Guidance for Veterinary Clinics During the COVID-19 Response
Toolkit: One Health Approach to Address Companion Animals with SARS-CoV-2
This toolkit provides recommendations for public health and animal health officials involved in managing companion animals diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2.
What to Do if Your Pet Tests Positive for the Virus that Causes COVID-19
What to Do if Your Pet Tests Positive for the Virus that Causes COVID-19
Resources for Large Community Events & Mass Gatherings
Resources for large community events and mass gatherings
Cases & Latest Updates
CDC is aggressively responding to the global outbreak of COVID-19 and preparing for the potential of community spread in the United States.
COVID-19 Forecasts for the United States
CDC works with partners to bring together weekly forecasts for COVID-19 deaths in one place. These forecasts have been developed independently and shared publicly. It is important to bring these forecasts together to help understand how they compare with each other and how much uncertainty there is about what may happen in the upcoming four weeks.
Clues to aging come to light in vivid snapshots of brain cell links
Striking images of some five billion brain cell connections have been created by scientists, mapping a lifetime's changes across the brain in minute detail.
Volunteerism: Doing good does you good
A new study takes a closer look at the benefits of volunteering to the health and well-being of volunteers, both validating and refuting findings from previous research. The results verify that adults over 50 who volunteer for at least 100 hours a year (about two hours per week) have a substantially reduced risk of mortality and developing physical limitations, higher levels of subsequent physical activity, and improved sense of well-being later on.
SPHERES
With extensive participation from US clinical and public health laboratories, academic institutions, and the private sector, the SPHERES consortium aims to generate information about the virus that will strengthen COVID-19 mitigation strategies.
Communication Toolkit for Transportation Partners to Inform Road Travelers
Communication Toolkit for Transportation Partners to Inform Road Travelers
Agriculture Workers and Employers
Interim guidance on COVID-19 for agriculture workers and employers
четверг, 11 июня 2020 г.
An aspirin a day keeps the bowel doctor away
A regular dose of aspirin to reduce the risk of inherited bowel cancer lasts at least 10 years after stopping treatment, research has revealed.
Slow down: Reduced speed limits save lives in busy cities
Traffic accidents are the leading cause of non-natural deaths worldwide. Lower speed limits may help prevent accidents. But speed-reduction policies can be controversial and effects are not well documented. A new study shows that speed reductions in São Paulo, Brazil, dramatically reduced fatal accidents and increased travel times only minimally.
Brain cells can harbor and spread HIV virus to the body
Researchers have found that astrocytes, a type of brain cell can harbor HIV and then spread the virus to immune cells that traffic out of the brain and into other organs. HIV moved from the brain via this route even when the virus was suppressed by combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), a standard treatment for HIV.
Denisovan DNA influences immune system of modern day Oceanian populations
More than 120,000 novel human genetic variations that affect large regions of DNA have been discovered, some of which are linked to immune response, disease susceptibility or digestion.
Lack of mitochondria causes severe disease in children
Researchers have discovered that excessive degradation of the power plants of our cells plays an important role in the onset of mitochondrial disease in children. These inherited metabolic disorders can have severe consequence such as brain dysfunction and neurological impairment.
Solving a Parkinson's disease puzzle through protein design
Scientists have developed a computational protein design approach, and used it to obtain the first ever high-resolution structure of an activated dopamine receptor in its natural cell membrane environment. The breakthrough will open up a new dimension in drug discovery for Parkinson's disease and perhaps other disorders.
Novel approach for treating eczema
Researchers have identified a key enzyme that contributes to eczema, which may lead to better treatment to prevent the skin disorder's debilitating effects.
New genetic defect linked to ALS
Researchers have identified how certain gene mutations cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease. The pathway identified by the researchers may also be responsible for a certain form of dementia related to ALS. The finding could offer potential new approaches for treating this devastating condition.
Interim Guidance for SARS-CoV-2 Testing in North American Wildlife
To facilitate decision-making regarding the testing of wildlife for SARS-CoV-2.
Elite gamers share mental toughness with top athletes, study finds
In one of the first studies to investigate mental toughness and stress and coping in high performing esports athletes, researchers have found similarities to traditional elite athletes.
The mystery of visual stability
We move our eyes several times per second. These fast eye movements, called saccades, create large image shifts on the retina -- making our visual system work hard to maintain a stable perceptual world. Remapping the retinal image compensates for this; however, errors in actual eye movements cause image shifts, even with remapping.
Neuroscientists discover neural circuits that control hibernation-like behaviors in mice
Neuroscientists have discovered a population of neurons in the hypothalamus that controls hibernation-like behavior, or torpor, in mice, revealing for the first time the neural circuits that regulate this state. By better understanding these processes in mice and other animal models, the authors envision the possibility of one day working toward inducing torpor in humans.
The brain uses minimum effort to look for key information in text
The human brain avoids taking unnecessary effort. When a person is reading, she strives to gain as much information as possible by dedicating as little of her cognitive capacity as possible to the processing.
Newly synthesized fungal compound can switch on a self-destruct button for cancer
Cancers cells use a special technique to propagate; they delete their 'programmed death' gene through mutation, 'forget' to die when their lifetime is over, and continue to grow instead. A research team has developed a method through which a fungal compound capable of rearming the self-destruct gene in certain cancer cells can be artificially produced in marketable quantities, providing a potential cancer therapeutic strategy.
Can gut microbiome alter drug safety and efficacy?
Researchers have developed an approach for studying how the gut microbiome chemically alters oral medications, unlocking possibilities for improving efficacy, reducing side effects, and creating drugs personalized to an individual's microbiome.
Tropical disease in medieval Europe revises the history of a pathogen related to syphilis
Plague was commonplace in medieval times, so finding its victims in a 15th century Lithuanian graveyard was no surprise. However, discovering one woman with a second disease, yaws -- a close relative of modern syphilis found today only in tropical settings -- was something researchers did not expect. The current study's findings are changing perspectives on the evolutionary history of a disease family thought to be out of reach for the study of ancient DNA.
Methods to inactivate and safely study SARS-CoV-2
Virologists have identified detailed methods of how to perform research on SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, including procedures that effectively inactivate the virus to enable safe study of infected cells.
Compound in the gills of clams may fight common infections
A compound discovered in the gills of wood-eating clams could be the solution to a group of parasites responsible for some of the world's most common infections.
What can maritime shipping learn from brain network science?
Researchers show how network science computational theories used for brain analysis can help us to understand global shipping networks and their impact on the world economy.
Kissing bugs also find suitable climatic conditions in Europe
An infection with Chagas disease is only possible in Latin America since the insect species that spread the disease only occur there. Scientists have now used ecological niche models to calculate the extent to which habitats outside of the Americas may also be suitable for the bugs.
Human embryo-like model created from human stem cells
Scientists have developed a new model to study an early stage of human development, using human embryonic stem cells.
High doses of ketamine can temporarily switch off the brain
Researchers have identified two brain phenomena that may explain some of the side-effects of ketamine. Their measurements of the brain waves of sheep sedated by the drug may explain the out-of-body experience and state of complete oblivion it can cause.
среда, 10 июня 2020 г.
Undersized airways may explain why nonsmokers get COPD
A mismatch between airway and lung size may explain why some nonsmokers get COPD and some heavy smokers do not, according to a new study.
First all-human mouse model of inherited prion disease
Human prion diseases include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease (GSS). A new study reports a significant advance in the development of mouse models of human prion diseases. The study demonstrates spontaneous formation of disease-relevant, transmissible prion protein assemblies in mice bearing only human forms of the prion protein.
Immune cell discovery could improve the fight against hepatitis B
Researchers have identified and described a new and unique subset of human cells that are involved in the immune response against hepatitis B (HBV) infection. The discovery could help develop new treatments for HBV and inform future vaccine design.
New antivirals for influenza and Zika
Researchers have deployed synthetic amyloids to trigger protein misfolding as a strategy to combat the influenza A and Zika virus.
Re-trafficking proteins to fight Salmonella infections
New study demonstrates how monitoring all cellular proteins over time and space can improve our understanding of host-pathogen interactions.
World's first spherical artificial eye has 3D retina
Scientists have developed the world's first 3D artificial eye with capabilities better than existing bionic eyes and in some cases, even exceed those of the human eyes, bringing vision to humanoid robots and new hope to patients with visual impairment.
Study of 62 countries finds people react similarly to everyday situations
A new study asserts the world population may have much more in common than it has differences. The researchers' finding: 'The difference among countries is smaller than expected; and the difference within countries is much greater.' In other words, people from different countries aren't that different, and people within the same country aren't as similar as expected.
Media stereotypes confound kids' science ambitions
White lab coats and dangerous experiments all epitomize the 'mad scientist' from many a Hollywood blockbuster but, even beyond the silver screen, the stereotype lives on, and according to new research, it could mar the next generation of potential scientists.
National survey shows different bacteria on cell phones and shoes
The largest study of its kind in the US shows thousands of different types of bacteria living on cell phones and shoes, including groups that have barely been studied by scientists.
вторник, 9 июня 2020 г.
Post-Deployment Processes: COVID-19 Considerations
Post-Deployment Processes: COVID-19 Considerations
Guidance for U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Staff for the Establishment and Management of Public Health Rapid Response Teams for Disease Outbreaks: COVID-19 Disease Supplement
Guidance for U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Staff for the Establishment and Management of Public Health Rapid Response Teams for Disease Outbreaks: COVID-19 Disease Supplement
General Contact Tracing and Case Investigation Training Modules
The trainings listed below are for public health professionals or the general public who are interested in becoming a contact tracer, case investigator or public health professional who already serve in these roles and are seeking to improve their knowledge.
Considerations for Youth and Summer Camps
CDC offers considerations for ways in which camp administrators can help protect campers, staff, and communities, and slow the spread of COVID-19.
Antihistamines and similar drugs could slow down Huntington's disease
Scientists have described a potential new therapeutic strategy for slowing down early-stage Huntington's disease.
Improved MRI scans could aid in development of arthritis treatments
An algorithm which analyses MRI images and automatically detects small changes in knee joints over time could be used in the development of new treatments for arthritis.
Paper-based device provides low-power, long-term method for analyzing sweat
Researchers have constructed a paper-based device as a model of wearables that can collect, transport and analyze sweat in next-generation wearable technology. Using a process known as capillary action, akin to water transport in plants, the device uses evaporation to wick fluid that mimics the features of human sweat to a sensor for up to 10 days or longer.
Down to the bone: Understanding how bone-dissolving cells are generated
Bone-dissolving cells called osteoclasts are derived from a type of immune cells called macrophages. They are necessary for the maintenance and renewal of bones. But the intracellular mechanisms through which macrophages convert to osteoclasts are not fully understood. Recently, scientists have uncovered the role of a protein called Cpeb4 in this process. Their findings suggest potential therapeutic targets for bone and joint diseases like arthritis and osteoporosis.
How effective are language learning apps?
Researchers recently conducted a study focusing on Babbel, a popular subscription-based language learning app and e-learning platform, to see if it really worked at teaching a new language.
Researchers put a price tag on alcohol use
Alcohol use disorders are associated with high social welfare and health care costs -- but what causes them? A new new study looks at the magnitude and reasons behind the economic burden alcohol use disorders have on society.
Boys' poor reading skills might help explain higher education gender gap
Researchers found boys' poor reading skills in adolescence, combined with the social attitudes about women attending college, can help explain why fewer men than women enroll in higher education or other types of post-high school education.
'Playing hard to get' really works; here's why
Researchers examined the effects of playing hard to get, a mating strategy that is likely to instill a certain degree of uncertainty. In a new study they show that making the chase harder increases a potential mate's desirability.
What Nail Salon Employees Need to Know about COVID-19
What Nail Salon Employees Need to Know about COVID-19
Unexpected uncertainty can breed paranoia
In times of unexpected uncertainty, such as the sudden appearance of a global pandemic, people may be more prone to paranoia, new researchers.
Computer modelling predicts where vaccines are needed most
Researchers have developed a model that can estimate regional disease burden and the impact of vaccination, even in the absence of robust surveillance data, a new study reveals.
Engaging in family meals starts with healthy family communication
Engaging in family meals may be a matter of improving communication and support at home. A new study connects less family discouragement and better family communication with a higher likelihood to eat evening family meals and family breakfasts together, and not in front of a television.
Study reveals birth defects likely caused by flame retardant
A new study has shown that exposure to a now-banned flame retardant can alter the genetic code in sperm, leading to major health defects in children of exposed parents.
Frequently Asked Questions and Answers: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Pregnancy
We do not have information from published scientific reports about the susceptibility of pregnant women to COVID-19.
Forgot where you parked the car? Research suggests memory is a game of all or nothing
An online study, involving more than 400 participants aged 18-35, reveals that memories for specific locations are either totally forgotten or, if they are remembered, it's with as much precision as when they were first learnt.
Protect Yourself and Others from COVID-19 When Visiting Parks and Recreational Facilities
Protect Yourself and Others from COVID-19 When Visiting Parks and Recreational Facilities
понедельник, 8 июня 2020 г.
Talking with the Patient - A Case Investigator's Guide to COVID-19
This document focuses on communication strategies for case interviews and provides suggested language for case investigators as they cover each topic area during an interview.
Wildfire Smoke and COVID-19: Frequently Asked Questions and Resources for Air Resource Advisors and Other Environmental Health Professionals
Wildfire Smoke and COVID-19: Frequently Asked Questions and Resources for Air Resource Advisors and Other Environmental Health Professionals
New approach to reducing spread of mosquito-borne diseases
Researchers working in rural Kenya have identified the most productive breeding habitats for mosquitoes that spread a range of untreatable viruses. Their findings point to more effective health interventions that focus on the purpose of water-holding containers.
Running Essential Errands
As communities across the United States take steps to slow the spread of COVID-19 by limiting close contact, people are facing new challenges and questions about how to meet basic household needs, such as buying groceries and medicine, and completing banking activities. The following information provides advice about how to meet these household needs in a safe and healthy manner.
Researchers shed light on new enzymatic reaction
Researchers have discovered that repurposed enzymes and light are key to producing chemical compounds in an environmentally friendly fashion. By blending bio- and photocatalysis and experimenting with reactionary 'ingredients,' the research team developed a visible-light-induced reaction using the enzyme family ene-reductase (ER). The substrates used in this study, alkenes, can be derived in principle from biomass fatty acids; the end products are valuable chiral carbonyl compounds with potential pharmaceutical applications.
Drug researcher develops 'fat burning' molecule
Scientists have recently identified a small mitochondrial uncoupler, named BAM15, that decreases the body fat mass of mice without affecting food intake and muscle mass or increasing body temperature.
Tiny, magnetically powered neural stimulator
Neuroengineers have created a tiny surgical implant that can electrically stimulate the brain and nervous system without using a battery or wired power supply.
Physical activity in all of its forms may help maintain muscle mass in midlife
Loss of estrogen has an effect on muscles and leads to a decline in muscle mass. Physical activity in all of its forms may help maintain muscle mass in midlife.
For university classrooms, are telepresence robots the next best thing to being there?
Telepresence robots help university students learning remotely to feel more a part of the class, new research suggests.
Preventing pancreatic cancer metastasis by keeping cells 'sheltered in place'
Scientists have shown that pancreatic cancer metastasis -- when tumor cells gain the deadly ability to migrate to new parts of the body -- can be suppressed by inhibiting a protein called Slug that regulates cell movement. The study also revealed two druggable targets that interact with Slug and hold promise as treatments that may stop the spread of pancreatic cancer.
Blood pressure medications help even the frailest elderly people live longer
Taking prescription blood pressure medication helped even the frailest elderly patients live longer, according to a large study in Italy. While the improved survival benefit was found in all older people, the healthier older people survived longer than those with multiple medical conditions.
Ground-breaking research makes childhood vaccines safe in all temperatures
A new system for delivering vaccines to children in low-income nations has taken a vital step forward, thanks to groundbreaking work.
Repetitive negative thinking linked to dementia risk
Persistently engaging in negative thinking patterns may raise the risk of Alzheimer's disease, finds a new UCL-led study published in Alzheimer's & Dementia.
Guidance for Administrators in Parks and Recreational Facilities
Guidance for Administrators in Parks and Recreational Facilities
Virus DNA spread across surfaces in hospital ward over 10 hours
Virus DNA left on a hospital bed rail was found in nearly half of all sites sampled across a ward within 10 hours and persisted for at least five days, according to a new study in the United Kingdom.
воскресенье, 7 июня 2020 г.
Wearable brain scanner technology expanded for whole head imaging
A new type of wearable brain scanner is revealing new possibilities for understanding and diagnosing mental illness after the technology has been expanded to scan the whole brain with millimeter accuracy.
Researchers help bring biofriendly materials to drug design for neuro disorders
Researchers have found the first indication that carbon quantum dots, a class of nanoparticles, can be utilized to combat neurological disorders.
Memory consolidation during REM sleep
Researchers have found that activity in adult-born neurons (ABNs) in the hippocampus, which is a brain region associated with memory, are responsible for memory consolidation during REM sleep. Identifying the role of specific neurons in memory function deepens our understanding of how memories are formed, retrieved, and consolidated.
Early-life education improves memory in old age -- Especially for women
Education appears to protect older adults, especially women, against memory loss, according to a new study.
High-protein diets help insects to fight against blood parasites
Scientists studying insects have identified a crucial biological mechanism responsible for increasing their survival against blood parasites. The finding, in which a high protein diet is linked to increased survival, could be a key stepping-stone to discovering how diet could help us fight parasitic blood infections.
Childhood trauma affects the timing of motherhood
Women who have experienced childhood trauma become mothers earlier than those with a more stable childhood environment shows a new study. The trauma children experience form living in war zones, natural disasters or perhaps even epidemics can have unexpected effects that resurface later in their lives.
Deadly bacterial infection in pigs deciphered
New-born piglets often die painfully from infection with an intestinal bacterium. A team of researchers has now discovered how the bacterium causes fatal intestinal bleeding. They have thus made a breakthrough in veterinary research. Promising prospects for vaccinations and medications for use in humans too have now opened up.
суббота, 6 июня 2020 г.
Resources for State, Local, Territorial and Tribal Health Departments
Resources for State, Local, Territorial and Tribal Health Departments
New identification of genetic basis of COVID-19 susceptibility will aid treatment
Italian researchers have been able to identify the genetic basis of susceptibility to Covid-19 infection, and also to the possibility of contracting a more severe form of the disease. This has important implications for treatment and drug development.
Research Use Only 2019-Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Real-time RT-PCR Primers and Probes
Research Use Only 2019-Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Real-time RT-PCR Primers and Probes
пятница, 5 июня 2020 г.
Protecting the neuronal architecture
Protecting nerve cells from losing their characteristic extensions, the dendrites, can reduce brain damage after a stroke. Neurobiologists have demonstrated this by means of research on a mouse model.
Notification of Exposure: A Contact Tracer's Guide for COVID-19
Notification of Exposure: A Contact Tracer's Guide for COVID-19
SPHERES
With extensive participation from US clinical and public health laboratories, academic institutions, and the private sector, the SPHERES consortium aims to generate information about the virus that will strengthen COVID-19 mitigation strategies.
Psychedelic drug psilocybin tamps down brain's ego center
To see how psychedelics impact the claustrum, a mysterious region of the brain believed to control the ego, researchers compared the brain scans of people after they took psilocybin with their scans after taking a placebo.
Diet, gut microbes affect cancer treatment outcomes
What we eat can affect the outcome of chemotherapy - and likely many other medical treatments - because of ripple effects that begin in our gut, new research suggests.
New smart fabrics from bioactive inks monitor body and environment by changing color
Researchers developed biomaterial-based inks that respond to and quantify chemicals released from the body or in the environment by changing color. Multiple inks can be screen printed onto clothes or even face masks at high resolution, providing a detailed map of human response or exposure.
Reducing severe breathlessness and psychological trauma in COVID-19 ARDS survivors
A new paper examines ventilation and medication strategies that can help avoid psychological trauma for severe COVID-19 survivors treated for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with mechanical ventilation.
Not children, but 'super-happy families' the aim of assisted reproduction
Researchers studied how staff at fertility clinics view the assessments that childless couples and women undergo in order to access assisted reproduction. It emerges in the interviews that the assessment of the potential parents is based on the child's future welfare and on the responsible use of public resources.
Frequently Asked Questions about Laboratory Biosafety and SARS-CoV-2
Frequently Asked Questions about Laboratory Biosafety and SARS-CoV-2
Public Health Recommendations for People in U.S. Communities Exposed to a Person with Known or Suspected COVID-19, other than Health Workers or other Critical Infrastructure Workers
Public Health Recommendations for People in U.S. Communities Exposed to a Person with Known or Suspected COVID-19, other than Health Workers or other Critical Infrastructure Workers
Adult neurogenesis essential for sleep-induced memory consolidation in mice
Adult neurogenesis, in which new neurons are generated within the hippocampus in the fully developed adult brain, occurs in mice -- but how new neurons are functionally integrated into existing brain circuitry has remained largely unknown. A study now shows an important new role for neurons generated during adulthood in consolidating memories during sleep in mice.
Probiotics with top-performing Lactobacillus strains may improve vaginal health
Vaginal Lactobacillus bacterial strains largely perform better than strains currently used in probiotics for vaginal health, according to a new study. The findings suggest that a vaginal health probiotic that includes top-performing vaginal Lactobacillus strains may improve treatment options for bacterial vaginosis.
Eat less and live a long healthy life? Study shows 'not in all cases'
The assumption that dietary restriction (and drugs that mimic its effects) will extend both lifespan and healthspan jointly has come under question, based on research involving 160 genetically distinct strains of fruit fly. Noting that results may foreshadow what will happen in humans eating a Spartan diet, researchers report that thirteen percent of the strains were more vigorous, yet died sooner with dietary restriction; 5 percent lived longer, but spent more time in poor health.
Disrupted sleep increases the risk of cardiovascular disease by promoting inflammation
Sleep disruption has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis, but the mechanism has been unclear. A new study reveals that fragmented sleep exacerbates atherosclerosis and may raise the risk of stroke via an effect on inflammatory pathways.
Stimulating research gives new treatment hope for Tourette Syndrome
New research has found that delivering electrical pulses to the wrist can significantly reduce the amount and severity of tics experienced by individuals with Tourette Syndrome (TS), giving new hope for an effective treatment.
Sleep, death and ... the gut?
A new study finds a causal link between sleep deprivation and death. In sleep-deprived fruit flies, death is preceded by the accumulation of molecules known as reactive oxidative species in the gut. When fruit flies were given antioxidant compounds that neutralize ROS, sleep-deprived flies remained active and had normal lifespans. The findings may one day inform new approaches to counteract the harmful effects of insufficient sleep in humans.
Revealed: How cancer develops resistance to treatment
Researchers reveal the tactic that cancer cells use to adapt and evade treatment.
Restoring vision by gene therapy
Macular degeneration is one of the major reasons for visual impairment. Scientists have now developed a therapeutic approach based on gene therapy. They managed to activate degenerated photoreceptors using near-infrared light.
Mothers ensure their offspring's success through epigenetics
Parents pass genes along to their offspring which equip them for their future life. In recent years, research has shown that the reality is much more complex and that parents endow much more than just genes. A new study reveals that active epigenetic modifications are also passed from one generation to the next.
Foodborne illness? DNA-barcoded microbial spores can trace origin of objects
Researchers have developed synthetic microbial spores that can be safely introduced onto objects and surfaces at a point of origin, such as a field or manufacturing plant, and be detected and identified months later. The approach can help determine the source of foodborne illnesses.
Areas of brain where recognition and identification occur
Using ''sub-millimeter'' brain implants, researchers have been able to determine which parts of the brain are linked to facial and scene recognition.
Silicon 'neurons' may add a new dimension to computer processors
Research shows that energy constraints on a system, coupled with an intrinsic property of systems, push silicon neurons to create a dynamic, at-a-distance communication that is more robust and efficient than traditional computer processors. And it may teach us something about biological brains.
Identify the Primary Components of COVID-19 Case Investigation and Contact Tracing
Identify the Primary Components of COVID-19 Case Investigation and Contact Tracing
четверг, 4 июня 2020 г.
Symptom tracking applied to COVID-19 outpatient care using famotidine
A patient-reported symptom tracking method used for patients with cancer has now been adapted for patients with COVID-19. The first clinical case series showed that famotidine may help COVID-19 patients with mild to moderately severe symptoms.
What are the risks and benefits of low-dose aspirin?
Low-dose aspirin significantly lowers cardiovascular disease risk but increases the risk of bleeding, according to a new review.
Scientists aim gene-targeting breakthrough against COVID-19
Scientists at Berkeley Lab's Molecular Foundry have joined forces with a research team at Stanford to aim a gene-targeting, antiviral agent called PAC-MAN against COVID-19.
Trial shows hydroxychloroquine has no benefit over placebo in preventing COVID-19
Today, researchers published the results from the first randomized clinical trial testing hydroxychloroquine for the post-exposure prevention of COVID-19.
Chronic stress? Limiting inflammatory signaling to specific brain circuits
Chronic stress is associated with the pathogenesis of psychological disorders such as depression. A study is the first to identify the role of a neuronal receptor that straddles the intersection between social stress, inflammation, and anxiety in rodent models of stress. Findings suggest the possibility of developing better medications to treat the consequences of chronic stress by limiting inflammatory signaling not just generally, which may not be beneficial in the long run, but to specific brain circuits.
New method predicts spin dynamics of materials for quantum computing
Researchers at UC Santa Cruz have developed a theoretical foundation and new computational tools for predicting a material's spin dynamics, a key property for building solid-state quantum computing platforms and other applications of spintronics.
Association between outdoor light at night and breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women
Outdoor light at night was linked to a higher risk of breast cancer in a recent study.
среда, 3 июня 2020 г.
'Major gaps' in understanding how land-use changes affect spread of diseases
The quest to discover how new diseases -- such as Covid-19 -- emerge and spread in response to global land-use change driven by human population expansion still contains 'major gaps', researchers have claimed.
Slow easing of lockdowns may be better for global economy
A cautious approach to easing lockdown restrictions that reduces the risk of later lockdowns may be better for the global supply chain in the long run, according to a new modelling study.
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