People Who Need to Take Extra Precautions
понедельник, 30 ноября 2020 г.
Assessing Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 Illness
CDC is conducting disease surveillance and field investigations to better understand why some people are more likely to develop severe COVID-19 illness.
COVID-19 Hospitalization and Death by Race/Ethnicity
Risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and death by race/ethnicity
Microfluidic system with cell-separating powers may unravel how novel pathogens attack
To develop effective therapeutics against pathogens, scientists need to first uncover how they attack host cells. An efficient way to conduct these investigations on an extensive scale is through high-speed screening tests called assays.
Study shows strong links between music and math, reading achievement
A music educator thought that if he could just control his study for the myriad factors that might have influenced previous ones - race, income, education, etc. -- he could disprove the notion of a link between students' musical and mathematical achievement. Nope. His new study showed statistically significant associations between the two at both the individual and the school-district levels.
COVID-19 shutdowns disproportionately affected low-income black households
Researchers report that low-income Black households experienced greater job loss, more food and medicine insecurity, and higher indebtedness in the early months of COVID-19 compared to white or Latinx low-income households.
HIV-like virus edited out of primate genome
Taking a major step forward in HIV research, scientists have successfully edited SIV - a virus closely related to HIV, the cause of AIDS - from the genomes of non-human primates.
Connection between gut bacteria and vitamin D levels
Researchers discovered that the makeup of a person's gut microbiome is linked to their levels of active vitamin D, and revealed a new understanding of vitamin D and how it's typically measured.
Headset over earphone: Cancelling out unnecessary and unwanted noise
Researchers are exploring technology for those wanting a quieter life!
Researchers unlock the door to tumor microenvironment for CAR T cells
Combining chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy with a PAK4 inhibitor drug allowed the engineered cells to punch their way through and attack solid tumors, leading to significantly enhanced survival in mice.
Forest fires, cars, power plants join list of risk factors for Alzheimer's disease
A new study has found that among older Americans with cognitive impairment, the greater the air pollution in their neighborhood, the higher the likelihood of amyloid plaques - a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The study adds to a body of evidence indicating that pollution from cars, factories, power plants and forest fires joins established dementia risk factors like smoking and diabetes.
Researchers find how stress and the circadian clock affect sleep
Researchers have found a new neural pathway that links the circadian clock, stress, and wakefulness in mammals. They identified a neuron that becomes excessively active when the mammal is under stress, which could trigger insomnia and other sleep disorders.
More than one-third of children with COVID-19 show no symptoms: study
More than one-third of kids who have COVID-19 aren't showing symptoms, according to a new study that suggests youngsters diagnosed with the disease may represent just a fraction of those infected.
Returning to Work
Considerations for returning to work to make sure you protect yourself and other by practicing everyday preventive actions during the COVID-19 pandemic
Protect Yourself When Using Transportation
As schools, businesses, and community organizations begin providing services, consider ways that you can protect yourself and slow the spread of COVID-19 when using transportation.
How lockdown may lead to 'avoidable harm' for the health of under 16s
Decreases in hospital attendances and admissions amid fears of COVID-19 may result in avoidable harm for under 16s, say researchers. Following lockdown, they found 'a striking decrease' in the number of children and young people attending the Paediatric Emergency Department at Yale New Haven Children's Hospital in the US and the Royal Manchester Children's Hospital in the UK. The researchers said: ''Children and adolescents presenting later on in their illness are more likely to have a negative outcome.''
Rethink COVID-19 infection control to keep primary schools open this winter, governments urged
An urgent rethink of infection control policies to keep COVID-19 infection at bay in schools is needed if primary schools are to be kept open this winter, and the knock-on effects on their families avoided, argue children's infectious disease specialists in a new article.
Gut microbes: a key to normal sleep
Researchers used a cocktail of antibiotics to deplete gut microbes in mice. They found that metabolites in the gut differed in these mice compared with controls. In particular, metabolic pathways involved in making important neurotransmitters like serotonin were affected. Additionally, these mice showed abnormal day-night distribution in sleep/wake patterns, particularly the amount of REM sleep, and frequent transitions between REM and non-REM sleep episodes.
Why spending a long time on your phone isn't bad for mental health
General smartphone usage is a poor predictor of anxiety, depression or stress say researchers, who advise caution when it comes to digital detoxes. Researchers measured the time spent on smartphones by 199 iPhone users and 46 Android users for one week. Surprisingly, the amount of time spent on the smartphone was not related to poor mental health. Instead, the study found that mental health was associated with concerns and worries about their own smartphone usage.
Cortex over reflex: Study traces circuits where executive control overcomes instinct
Via circuit tracing and behavioral manipulation using optogenetics, a new study shows that a region of the prefrontal cortex connects to the superior colliculus to override the SC's reflexive action when executive control is necessary.
Safe ultraviolet light could be used to sterilize high-risk COVID-19 environments
Research is paving the way for a new solution to kill aerosolized COVID-19 in enclosed environments such as hospitals and long-term care facilities. Computational modelling has shown that low dose far-ultraviolet C (UVC) lighting can be used to disinfect in-room air, increasing disinfection rates by 50-85 percent compared to a room's ventilation alone.
Insulators in Alberta at higher risk of chest infections, COPD
Construction workers in Alberta, Canada who work with hazardous insulation materials are much more likely to be affected by repeated chest infections and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), according to new research.
Researchers develop new biomaterial that helps bones heal faster
Scientists have developed a new biomaterial that helps bones heal faster by enhancing adults' stem cell regenerative ability.
Small molecules control bacterial resistance to antibiotics
Antibiotics have revolutionized medicine by providing effective treatments for infectious diseases such as cholera. But the pathogens that cause disease are increasingly developing resistance to the antibiotics that are most commonly used. Scientists have discovered a molecule that influences the antibiotic-resistance of cholera bacteria.
Simulations open a new way to reverse cell aging
Research findings provide insight into the complex mechanism of cellular senescence and present a potential therapeutic strategy for reducing age-related diseases associated with the accumulation of senescent cells.
COVID-19 studies should also focus on mucosal immunity, researchers argue
More COVID-19 studies should be devoted to how immunity emerges to SARS-CoV-2 in the mucous membranes of the nose and mouth, a new paper argues.
Wear Face Masks on Public Transportation Conveyances and at Transportation Hubs
Effective immediately, CDC is strongly recommending that masks are worn by all passengers on and operators of public transportation conveyances to prevent spread of the virus that causes COVID-19.
Detecting bacteria with fluorescent nanosensors
Researchers have developed a new method for detecting bacteria and infections. They use fluorescent nanosensors to track down pathogens faster and more easily than with established methods.
суббота, 28 ноября 2020 г.
Scientists reveal regions of the brain where serotonin promotes patience
In a study on mice scientists pinpoint specific areas of the brain that individually promote patience through the action of serotonin.
How to Wear Masks
Cloth face coverings are an additional step to help slow the spread of COVID-19 when combined with every day preventive actions and social distancing in public settings.
пятница, 27 ноября 2020 г.
Exploring links between infant vocabulary size and vocal interactions with caregivers
Analysis of recordings from infants' homes reveals that certain types of vocal interactions between adults and infants are associated with a larger infant vocabulary.
Scientists design model to predict cellular drug targets against COVID-19
A computational model of a human lung cell has been used to understand how SARS-CoV-2 draws on human host cell metabolism to reproduce. This study helps understand how the virus uses the host to survive, and enable drug predictions for treating the virus to be made.
How to Protect Yourself & Others
The best way to prevent COVID-19 infection is to avoid exposure to this virus and follow these everyday preventative actions.
Things to Know about the COVID-19 Pandemic
Five things that people need to know about COVID-19, including how to slow the spread, know their risk, protect themselves, what to do when sick, how to get testing, and what the symptoms are.
Data on COVID-19 during Pregnancy
Pregnant women with COVID-19 are significantly more likely to be hospitalized, admitted to the intensive care unit, and receive mechanical ventilation than nonpregnant women. Risk of death is similar for both groups. But much remains unknown.
Toolkit for People 15 to 17
This Toolkit provides web links, social media, posters and other COVID-19 related resources for people 15 to 17.
Toolkit for People 18 to 24
This toolkit provides COVID-19 related web links, fact sheets, social media and other resources for young adults age 18 to 24.
Older Adults
Older adults, 65 years and older, are at higher risk for severe illness. COVID-19 is a new disease and we are learning more about it every day.
Study revealing the secret behind a key cellular process refutes biology textbooks
New research has identified and described a cellular process that, despite what textbooks say, has remained elusive to scientists until now -- precisely how the copying of genetic material that, once started, is properly turned off.
Understanding traditional Chinese medicine can help protect species
Demystifying traditional Chinese medicine for conservationists could be the key to better protecting endangered species like pangolins, tigers and rhino, according to researchers. Efforts to shift entrenched values and beliefs about Chinese medicine are not achieving conservation gains in the short term.
World's largest inventory of known plant species
Researchers have compiled the world's most comprehensive list of known plant species. It contains 1,315,562 names of vascular plants, thus extending the number by some 70,000 - equivalent to about 20%. The researchers have also succeeded in clarifying 181,000 hitherto unclear species names.
Scientists develop new gene therapy for eye disease
Scientists have developed a new gene therapy approach that offers promise for one day treating an eye disease that leads to a progressive loss of vision and affects thousands of people across the globe. The study also has implications for a much wider suite of neurological disorders associated with aging.
Obesity is not only the individual's responsibility
Analysis of survey results has revealed that in women, obesity is linked to various social and economic factors. In addition, this study is the first in Japan to illuminate the connection between abuse during childhood and obesity in adulthood. These results highlight the importance of taking these factors into account when implementing policies to tackle obesity.
Quantum nanodiamonds may help detect disease earlier
The quantum sensing abilities of nanodiamonds can be used to improve the sensitivity of paper-based diagnostic tests, potentially allowing for earlier detection of diseases such as HIV, according to a new study.
New insights on health effects of long-duration space flight
Among the new findings, the research team found that chronic oxidative stress during spaceflight contributed to the telomere elongation they observed. They also found that astronauts had shorter telomeres after spaceflight than they did before.
New plant-based gel to fast-track 'mini-organs' growth, improve cancer treatment
Researchers have created the world's first bioactive plant-based nanocellulose hydrogel to support organoid growth for biomedical applications. This includes cancer development and treatment.
Toolkit for Summer Camps
This toolkit provides web links, fact sheets, posters, and other resources for summer camp administrators, parents and attendees.
Aim to exceed weekly recommended physical activity level to offset health harms of prolonged sitting
The health harms associated with prolonged sitting can be offset by exceeding weekly recommended physical activity levels, says the World Health Organization (WHO) in new global guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behavior.
Early birth linked to greater risk of hospital visits during childhood
Being born early (before 37 weeks' gestation) is associated with a higher risk of hospital admission throughout childhood than being born at full term (40 weeks' gestation), finds a new study.
Toolkit for Childcare Programs
This toolkit provides web links, fact sheets, posters and other resources for childcare facilities and consumers.
Holiday Celebrations
When planning to host or attend a holiday celebration, consider the risk of getting or spreading COVID-19 during different activities.
четверг, 26 ноября 2020 г.
High blood pressure in midlife is linked to increased brain damage in later life
Higher than normal blood pressure is linked to more extensive brain damage in the elderly, according to a new study. In particular, the study found that there was a strong association between diastolic blood pressure (the blood pressure between heart beats) before the age of 50 and brain damage in later life, even if the diastolic blood pressure was within what is normally considered to be a healthy range.
среда, 25 ноября 2020 г.
Previous Forecasts of Total Deaths
Forecasts show national and state level cumulative reported and predicted deaths since the beginning of the pandemic.
COVID-19 Forecasts: Deaths
CDC works with partners to bring together weekly forecasts for COVID-19 deaths in one place. These forecasts have been developed independently and shared publicly. It is important to bring these forecasts together to help understand how they compare with each other and how much uncertainty there is about what may happen in the upcoming four weeks.
New mechanism of pain control revealed
Researchers have identified a unique population of astrocytes in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord of mice that produces pain hypersensitivity when activated by neurons carrying signals down from the brain. The findings indicate that the role of descending neurons in controlling spinal pain transmission is not limited to suppression and point to this group of astrocytes as a new target for enhancing the effect of chronic pain treatments.
How CDC Is Making COVID-19 Vaccine Recommendations
Learn about the CDC's COVID-19 vaccine recommendation process and the goals and principles guiding decisions if there is a limited supply at first.
Specific bacterium in the gut linked to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Researchers have detected a connection between Brachyspira, a genus of bacteria in the intestines, and IBS -- especially the form that causes diarrhea. Although the discovery needs confirmation in larger studies, there is hope that it might lead to new remedies for many people with irritable bowel syndrome.
New study explains important cause of fatal influenza
It is largely unknown why influenza infections lead to an increased risk of bacterial pneumonia. Researchers have now described important findings leading to so-called superinfections, which claim many lives around the world every year.
Space travel can adversely impact energy production in a cell
Studies of both mice and humans who have traveled into space reveal that critical parts of a cell's energy production machinery, the mitochondria, can be made dysfunctional due to changes in gravity, radiation exposure and other factors. These findings are part of an extensive research effort across many scientific disciplines to look at the health effects of travel into space.
Genetic study shows that the risk of pre-eclampsia is related to blood pressure and BMI
An international study has revealed that the genetic risk of pre-eclampsia - a potentially dangerous condition in pregnancy - is related to blood pressure and body mass index.
Previous COVID-19 Forecasts: Hospitalizations
Learn about COVID-19 forecasts and modeling for new hospitalizations.
COVID-19 Forecasts: Hospitalizations
Learn about COVID-19 forecasts and modeling for new hospitalizations.
Preparedness Tools for Healthcare Professionals and Facilities Responding to Coronavirus (COVID-19)
To aid healthcare professionals and hospitals, CDC has developed two checklists that identify key actions that can be taken now to enhance preparedness for potential or confirmed patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Researchers uncover the unique way stem cells protect their chromosome ends
Telomeres are specialized structures at the end of chromosomes which protect our DNA and ensure healthy division of cells. According to a new study, the mechanisms of telomere protection are surprisingly unique in stem cells.
Basketball on the brain: Neuroscientists use sports to study surprise
Neuroscientists tracked the brains and pupils of self-described basketball fans as they watched March Madness games, to study how people process surprise -- an unexpected change of circumstances that shifts an anticipated outcome. They found that that shifts in the pattern of activity in high-level brain areas only happened at moments that contradicted the watchers' current beliefs about which team was more likely to win.
Previous COVID-19 Forecasts: Cases
Forecasts show national and state level cumulative reported and predicted deaths since the beginning of the pandemic. CDC is working with partners to bring together weekly COVID-19 forecasts in one place.
Cutting edge technology to bioprint mini-kidneys
Researchers have used cutting edge technology to bioprint miniature human kidneys in the lab, paving the way for new treatments for kidney failure and possibly lab-grown transplants.
Simple new testing method aims to improve time-release drugs
Engineers filled a glass tube bent like a tuning fork, kept vibrating by a circuit at its resonance frequency, with simulated stomach and intestine contents and passed an over-the-counter time-release drug granule through the tube. They observed a brief change in the frequency. When plotted, they could compare the peaks of resonance frequency against the time to learn the buoyant mass of the drug granule at that moment.
Team uses copper to image Alzheimer's aggregates in the brain
A proof-of-concept study conducted in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease offers new evidence that copper isotopes can be used to detect the amyloid-beta protein deposits that form in the brains of people living with -- or at risk of developing -- Alzheimer's.
Sestrin makes fruit flies live longer
Researchers identify positive effector behind reduced food intake.
Channeling the immune system for head and neck cancer
Researchers have discovered new clues into why some people with head and neck cancer respond to immunotherapy, while others don't.
Understanding the utility of plasmas for medical applications
Plasma medicine is an emerging field, as plasmas show promise for use in a wide range of therapies from wound healing to cancer treatment, and plasma jets are the main plasma sources typically used in plasma-surface applications. To better understand how plasma jets modify the surfaces of biological tissue, researchers conducted computer simulations of the interaction between an atmospheric pressure plasma jet with a surface that has properties similar to blood serum.
How the brain 're-wires' after disease
Researchers are studying how the brain re-wires itself in neurological disease. The team is building treatments for today's more common global conditions like Motor Neuron Disease (MND/ALS) and Spinal Muscular Atrophy and their findings could impact rehabilitation for patients, the discovery of effective drugs and quantifying the potential efficacy of new therapies.
About CDC COVID-19 Data
CDC reports COVID-19 case counts, deaths, and laboratory testing numbers daily online. Data on the COVID-19 website and CDC's COVID Data Tracker are based on the most recent numbers reported by states, territories, and other jurisdictions. Data are dependent on jurisdictions' timely and accurate reporting.
Heading the ball in soccer: Blindfolded players
Researchers find that blind soccer players rotate their heads downward when trapping an incoming pass. This work may lead to an improved understanding of the sensory changes that can manifest in visually impaired individuals.
вторник, 24 ноября 2020 г.
CRISPRi screens reveal sources of metabolic robustness in E. coli
Metabolic robustness, the ability of a metabolic system to buffer changes in its environment, is not always a welcome feature for microbiologists: it interferes with metabolic engineering or prevents that antibiotics kill bacteria. Therefore it is important to understand the mechanisms that enable metabolic robustness. A massively parallel CRISPRi screen demonstrated that E. colimetabolism is very robust against knockdowns of enzymes, and multi-omics data revealed the mechanisms behind it. In the future, the researchers want to apply this knowledge to build better models of metabolism, which enable rational-design of industrial microbes.
Frequently Asked Questions about COVID-19 Vaccination
Answers to commonly asked questions about COVID-19 vaccines, including vaccine cost, availability, and types.
Can we harness a plant's ability to synthesize medicinal compounds?
Anthraquinones are a class of naturally occurring compounds prized for their medicinal properties, as well as for other applications, including ecologically friendly dyes. Despite wide interest, the mechanism by which plants produce them has remained shrouded in mystery until now. New work reveals a gene responsible for anthraquinone synthesis in plants. Their findings could help scientists cultivate a plant-based mechanism for harvesting these useful compounds in bulk quantities.
Antimicrobial soap additive worsens fatty liver disease in mice
Triclosan, an antimicrobial found in many soaps and other household items, worsens fatty liver disease in mice fed a high-fat diet.
Experimental evolution reveals how bacteria gain drug resistance
A research team has succeeded in experimentally evolving the common bacteria under pressure from a large number of individual antibiotics, and identified the mechanisms and constraints underlying evolved drug resistance. Their findings help develop drug-treatment strategies that minimize the chance that bacteria will develop resistance.
Potential treatment against antibiotic-resistant bacteria causing gonorrhea and meningitis
A team has demonstrated the effectiveness of an inexpensive molecule to fight antibiotic-resistant strains of the bacteria responsible for gonorrhea and meningococcal meningitis. These two infections affect millions of people worldwide.
Measuring risk-taking - by watching people move computer mouses
How you move a computer mouse while deciding whether to click on a risky bet or a safe choice may reveal how much of a risk-taker you really are. Researchers found that people whose mouse drifted toward the safe option on the computer screen - even when they ended up taking the risky bet - may be more risk-averse than their choice would indicate.
Different COVID-19 Vaccines
Overview of what you should know about the different COVID-19 vaccines, including vaccine types and how they work to provide protection against COVID-19, which vaccines have been authorized and recommended in the United States, and which are in Phase 3 clinical trials.
Benefits of Getting a COVID-19 Vaccine
Learn about the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination based on what experts currently know. Vaccination will be an important tool to help stop the pandemic.
Which speaker are you listening to? Hearing aid of the future uses brainwaves to find out
In a noisy room with many speakers, hearing aids can suppress background noise, but they have difficulties isolating one voice - that of the person you're talking to at a party, for instance. Researchers have now addressed that issue with a technique that uses brainwaves to determine within one second whom you're listening to.
Stronger memories can help us make sense of future changes
Research finds a new relationship between memory and the ability to incorporate changes into one's understanding of the world.
Why experiences are better gifts for older children
What should we get for our kids this holiday? As children get older, giving them something they can experience (live through) instead of material things makes them happier, according to new research.
Lung-on-chip provides new insight on body's response to early tuberculosis infection
Scientists have developed a lung-on-chip model to study how the body responds to early tuberculosis (TB) infection.
Hormone found to switch off hunger could help tackle obesity
A hormone that can suppress food intake and increase the feeling of fullness in mice has shown similar results in humans and non-human primates, says a new study.
Stress in pregnancy may influence baby brain development
Infants' brains may be shaped by levels of stress their mother experiences during pregnancy, a brain scanning study has revealed.
World's first: Drug guides stem cells to desired location, improving their ability to heal
Scientists have created a drug that can lure stem cells to damaged tissue and improve treatment efficacy -- a scientific first and major advance for the field of regenerative medicine.
AI helps scientists understand brain activity behind thoughts
Researchers have developed artificial intelligence (AI) models that help them better understand the brain computations that underlie thoughts.
Mother's touch lingers in her child's genes
Mothers leave their mark on their children in many ways - and researchers have discovered a protein called SMCHD1 is involved in this 'imprinting' process. SMCHD1 switches certain genes off, altering how a cell behaves. The new research has revealed that when an egg cell (or oocyte) is fertilized by a sperm, the egg cell's SMCHD1 lingers within the developing embryo, switching off at least 10 different genes and impacting the embryo's development - which could potentially have a lifelong impact on the offspring.
Brain waves guide us in spotlighting surprises
Neuroscientists have found that the dynamic interplay of different brain wave frequencies, rather than dedicated circuitry, appears to govern the brain's knack for highlighting what's surprising and downplaying what's predictable.
Cocoa flavanols boost brain oxygenation, cognition in healthy adults
The brains of healthy adults recovered faster from a mild vascular challenge and performed better on complex tests if the participants consumed cocoa flavanols beforehand, researchers report. In the study, 14 of 18 participants saw these improvements after ingesting the flavanols.
Know Your Travel Risk
Some travel activities, like staying at guest lodgings, can increase your risk of getting COVID-19. Your chances of exposure are higher if you come into close contact with others, especially people you don't know, or use shared public facilities.
1 in 3 who are aware of deepfakes say they have inadvertently shared them on social media
A new study has found that one in three Singaporeans who said they were aware of deepfakes believe they have circulated deepfake content on social media which they later found out was a hoax. When compared to a similar demographic in the United States, the study found that those in the US were more aware of deepfakes. More reported sharing content that they later learnt was a deepfake in the US than in Singapore.
Frequently Asked Questions about Coronavirus (COVID-19) for Laboratories
Answers to frequently asked questions regarding laboratory testing, biosafety and COVID-19.
понедельник, 23 ноября 2020 г.
Community Mitigation
Actions that persons and communities can take to help slow the transmission of the virus in communities.
Considerations for Election Polling Locations and Voters
Recommended Precautions for Preventing Spread of COVID-19 in Election Polling Locations
Household Checklist
You can plan and make decisions now that will protect you and your family during a COVID-19 outbreak. Learn what you can do to prepare your home and family.
Boosting stem cell activity can enhance immunotherapy benefits
Immune-system T cells have been reprogrammed into regenerative stem cell-like memory (TSCM) cells that are long-lived, highly active 'super immune cells' with strong antitumor activity, according to new research.
Breakthrough in studying the enzyme that ultimately produces fish odor syndrome
Fish odor syndrome (trimethylaminuria) is a debilitating disease, in which the liver cannot break down the smelly chemical trimethylamine which is produced by enzymes from bacteria residing in the gut leaving people with a fish like odor. Researchers are paving the way to prevent the syndrome after a breakthrough in studying the enzyme in the gut which produces trimethylamine.
Concussion risk in stunt performers
Researchers are shining a light on a segment of concussion patients who often go unnoticed in comparison to athletes: performing artists.
Helicates meet Rotaxanes to create promise for future disease treatment
A new approach to treating cancers and other diseases that uses a mechanically interlocked molecule as a 'magic bullet' has been designed.
Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of Facemasks
Purpose: This document offers a series of strategies or options to optimize supplies of facemasks in healthcare settings when there is limited supply. It does not address other aspects of pandemic planning; for those, healthcare facilities can refer to COVID-19 preparedness plans.
Proteins in motion
Membrane proteins are more efficient at reaching distal dendrites than soluble proteins.
Scientists' atomic resolution protein models reveal new details about protein binding
Atom-scale models of proteins that incorporate ligands, like drug molecules, shows a strong correlation between minimally frustrated binding sites and drug specificity. Such models could lead to better-designed drugs with fewer side effects.
Healthcare Facilities That Have Implemented COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting
Healthcare Facilities That Have Implemented COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting
What do slight arm movements reveal about our breathing and health?
Special activity trackers can be used to fairly accurately determine the respiratory rate of people while they sleep. In the future, activity trackers could be used to detect the early stages of a disease, as a person's respiratory rate can indicate signs of an undetected medical problem.
Newfound ability to change baby brain activity could lead to rehabilitation for injured brains
Researchers have identified the brain activity for the first time in a newborn baby when they are learning an association between different types of sensory experiences. Using advanced MRI scanning techniques and robotics, the researchers found that a baby's brain activity can be changed through these associations, shedding new light on the possibility of rehabilitating babies with injured brains and promoting the development of life-long skills such as speech, language and movement.
Magnetic brain waves to detect injury and disease
Researchers have designed a new Optically Pumped Magnetometer (OPM) sensor for magnetoencephalography (MEG). The sensor is smaller and more robust in detecting magnetic brain signals and distinguishing them from background noise than existing sensors. Benchmarking tests showed good performance in environmental conditions where other sensors do not work, and it is able to detect brain signals against background magnetic noise, raising the possibility of MEG testing outside a specialised unit.
Targeted Wastewater Surveillance at Facilities, Institutions, and Workplaces
Use these recommendations to implement wastewater-based disease surveillance. Wastewater-based disease surveillance is a rapidly developing science, and CDC will update guidance and information as it becomes available.
Public Health Interpretation and Use of Wastewater Surveillance Data
Use these recommendations to implement wastewater-based disease surveillance. Wastewater-based disease surveillance is a rapidly developing science, and CDC will update guidance and information as it becomes available.
Wastewater Surveillance Data Reporting & Analytics
Wastewater Surveillance Data Reporting & Analytics
Wastewater Surveillance Testing Methods
Use these recommendations to implement wastewater-based disease surveillance. Wastewater-based disease surveillance is a rapidly developing science, and CDC will update guidance and information as it becomes available.
Developing a Wastewater Surveillance Sampling Strategy
Use this guidance to implement wastewater-based disease surveillance. Wastewater-based disease surveillance is a rapidly developing science, and CDC will continue to update guidance and information as it becomes available.
Cases, Data, and Surveillance
CDC is aggressively responding to the global outbreak of COVID-19 and preparing for the potential of community spread in the United States.
State Public Health Veterinarians and Animal Health Officials
Recommendations, guidance and other tools for state public health veterinarians and animal health officials to help slow the spread of COVID-19.
Contact Tracing for COVID-19
This section provides steps and consideration that jurisdictions can use to develop a protocol for the tracing of close contacts.
Investigating a COVID-19 Case
This section provides a step-by-step guide for conducting a COVID-19 case investigation, including operational questions that a jurisdiction should consider while planning their activities.
воскресенье, 22 ноября 2020 г.
Potential cellular target for eliminating bone breakdown in osteoporosis found
By disabling a function of a set of cells in mice, researchers appear to have halted the process that breaks down bone, a potential boon for osteoporosis treatment.
U.S. should look at how other high-income countries regulate health care costs, experts urge
Structuring negotiations between insurers and providers, standardizing fee-for-service payments and negotiating prices can lower the United States' health care spending by slowing the rate at which healthcare prices increase, according to a new study.
Folding of SARS-CoV2 genome reveals drug targets -- and preparation for 'SARS-CoV3'
Researchers report having observed the RNA folding structures of the SARS-CoV2 genome with which the virus controls the infection process. Since these structures are very similar among various beta corona viruses, the scientists not only laid the foundation for the targeted development of novel drugs for treating COVID-19, but also for future occurrences of infection with new corona viruses that may develop in the future.
MMR vaccine could protect against COVID-19, study shows
The measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine has been theorized to provide protection against COVID-19. In a new study, researchers provide further proof of this by showing that mumps IgG titers, or levels of IgG antibody, are inversely correlated with severity in recovered COVID-19 patients previously vaccinated with the MMR II vaccine.
Near-infrared probe decodes telomere dynamics
A new synthetic probe offers a safe and straightforward approach for visualizing chromosome tips in living cells. The probe could advance research into aging and a wide range of diseases, including cancers.
суббота, 21 ноября 2020 г.
How CDC Determines the Level of a Country's COVID-19 Travel Health Notice
CDC notifies travelers and other audiences about health threats in destinations around the world through Travel Health Notices (THN). During the COVID-19 pandemic, CDC has also provided an interactive world map specifically showing COVID-19 travel recommendations by country.
Travel: Frequently Asked Questions and Answers
Frequently Asked Questions regarding travel during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Testing and International Air Travel
Testing 1-3 days before and 2-5 days after travel may reduce the risk of spreading COVID-19. Testing does not eliminate all risk, but when combined with everyday precautions like wearing masks, social distancing, and handwashing, it can make travel safer by reducing spread on planes and in airports and at travelers' destinations.
After You Travel
Depending on your travel history, you will be asked to stay home for a period of 14 days from the time you left an area with widespread or ongoing community spread.
Zebra finches amazing at unmasking the bird behind the song
Like humans who can instantly tell which friend or relative is calling by the timbre of the person's voice, zebra finches have a near-human capacity for language mapping.
пятница, 20 ноября 2020 г.
A sulfur molecule to block the coronavirus
Some viruses can get inside cells via a mechanism that involves sulfur organic molecules. Chemists have discovered effective inhibitors and blocked the uptake of SARS-CoV-2.
New findings speed progress towards affordable gene therapy
In a promising advance for affordable, personalized medicine, researchers have used metal-organic frameworks to successfully deliver the genetic snipping tool CRISPR/Cas9 into human cancer cells.
Getting it just right, the Goldilocks model of cancer
Cancer is a disease driven by mutations that alter the way biochemical signals control cell growth, division and migration. Scientists found out that, like Goldilocks, cancer is very picky about getting rapid growth just right.
Rare gene mutation hints at 'fountain of youth'
Researchers think they've found a 'fountain of youth' in a rare genetic marker -- but it's unique to a few French-Canadian families. Called PCSK9Q152H, the mutation of the PCSK9 gene was initially thought to protect against cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies reveal that it may protect against other human illnesses, mainly liver diseases.
Drug eases recovery for those with severe alcohol withdrawal
Scientists say a drug originally developed to treat high blood pressure can reduce severe withdrawal symptoms for patients diagnosed with alcohol use disorder.
Travel Planner
The COVID-19 Travel Planner helps inform the public about possible travel restrictions implemented by state, territorial, tribal, and local health authorities.
Glyphosate may affect human gut microbiota
More than half of bacterial species in the core of the human gut microbiome are potentially sensitive to glyphosate, shows new research. Researchers introduced the first bioinformatics resource to determine and test the potential sensitivity of organisms to glyphosate.
How tissue geometry influences the movement of cells through the body
Cells move constantly throughout our bodies, performing myriad operations critical to tissue development, immune responses and general wellbeing. This bustle is guided by chemical cues long studied by scientists interested in cellular migration.
Spill-over effects show prioritizing education of very poorest improves attainment of all
International development projects that target the education of the world's very poorest children also significantly improve other young people's attainment, research indicates. The findings are based on a study of a program targeting marginalized girls in Tanzania, which showed the attainment of other boys and girls at these pupils' schools significantly improved through 'spill-over' effects. For every $100 spent per girl, all students made the equivalent of two years of learning gains.
Scientists discover new, simple way to classify marine biomes
Scientists have developed a new way to classify the ocean's diverse environments, shedding new light on how marine biomes are defined and changed by nature and humans.
How CDC Is Making COVID-19 Vaccine Recommendations
Learn about the CDC's COVID-19 vaccine recommendation process and the goals and principles guiding decisions if there is a limited supply at first.
четверг, 19 ноября 2020 г.
New effective and safe antifungal isolated from sea squirt microbiome
By combing the ocean for antimicrobials, scientists have discovered a new antifungal compound that efficiently targets multi-drug-resistant strains of deadly fungi without toxic side effects in mice.
A pressure sensor at your fingertips
Researchers have developed an ultrathin pressure sensor that can be attached directly to the skin. It can measure how fingers interact with objects to produce useful data for medical and technological applications. The sensor has minimal effect on the users' sensitivity and ability to grip objects, and it is resistant to disruption from rubbing. The team also hopes their sensor can be used for the novel task of digitally archiving the skills of craft workers.
How rotavirus causes severe gastrointestinal disease
Using intercellular calcium waves, rotavirus amplifies its ability to cause disease beyond the cells it directly infects. This is the first virus identified to activate ADP-mediated intercellular calcium waves.
Artificial intelligence-based tool may help diagnose opioid addiction earlier
Researchers have used machine learning, a type of artificial intelligence, to develop a prediction model for the early diagnosis of opioid use disorder.
Long-acting antipsychotic therapy plus cognitive training show promise for schizophrenia
Scientists have found that the use of long-acting antipsychotic medication combined with the use of cognitive training in group settings led to improved cognition and increased productivity.
Researchers identify features that could make someone a virus super-spreader
Researchers used computer-generated models to numerically simulate sneezes in different types of people and determine associations between people's physiological features and how far their sneeze droplets travel and linger in the air. They found that people's features, like a stopped-up nose or a full set of teeth, could increase their potential to spread viruses by affecting how far droplets travel when they sneeze.
CLCN6 identified as disease gene for a severe form of lysosomal neurodegenerative disease
A mutation in the CLCN6 gene is associated with a novel, particularly severe neurodegenerative disorder. Scientists have now analyzed the effect of a point mutation that was found in three unrelated affected children.
Understanding lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis
For young people with cystic fibrosis, lung infection with Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, is common and is treated with antibiotics in the hope that this will prevent a decline in lung function. However there has recently been debate over the role S. aureus plays in CF lung disease. Researchers have used a new model of CF lungs which could be used to make better decisions about future use of antibiotics.
Engineered immune cells elicit broad response to HIV in mice, offering hope for vaccine
Unlike so many other deadly viruses, HIV still lacks a vaccine. The virus has proven especially tricky to prevent with conventional antibodies, in part because it evolves so rapidly in the body. A solution would require coaxing the body into producing a special type of antibody that can act broadly to defeat multiple strains of the virus at once. Scientists have moved closer to attaining that goal with an approach that would rely on genetically engineered immune cells from the patient's body.
Insights in the search for new antibiotics
A collaborative research team published an opinion article that addresses the gap in the discovery of new antibiotics.
Fostering creativity in researchers: How automation can revolutionize materials research
Scientists have devised a system that combines robotics and artificial intelligence to fully automate the routine aspects of synthesizing, testing, and optimizing new materials according to fabrication conditions. Their approach can produce and test compounds ten times faster than scientists doing manual work, allowing for the rapid creation of huge shared databases. In turn, the autonomous system and database will be used to discover exotic material properties and new laws of physics.
Unraveling a mystery surrounding embryonic cells
Last year, researchers identified the early origins of neural crest cells -- embryonic cells in vertebrates that travel throughout the body and generate many cell types -- in chick embryos. Now the researchers have used a human model to figure out when neural crest cells acquire distinctive molecular and functional attributes.
Brain protein could be starting point for new treatments for pancreatic cancer
Researchers have discovered that a protein thought to only be involved in the development of neurons in the brain also plays a major role in the development and growth of pancreatic cancer. Their findings demonstrate for the first time how the protein, called Netrin-G1, helps pancreatic cancer cells survive by protecting them from the immune system and supplying them with nutrients.
Coinfection: More than the sum of its parts
Infections with two pathogens pose a serious threat in the clinics. Researchers have developed a technique that provides new insights into this process and can be used as an early warning system.
The single X chromosome of male fruit flies can be just as active as the two X chromosomes of females thanks to two sticky molecules
Researchers have discovered how the MSL complex responsible for dosage compensation can distinguish the X chromosome from autosomes in flies. A lab used a unique research approach to determine the minimal molecular components essential for recognizing the X chromosome. The study shows that the MSL2 protein and the roX RNA form a gel which 'attaches' the MSL complex to the X chromosome.
Web searches for insomnia surged at height of COVID-19 stay-at-home orders
A study found a significant increase in the number of online search queries for 'insomnia' between April and May 2020, when governments across the U.S. and around the world implemented stay-at-home orders in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
A DNA-based nanogel for targeted chemotherapy
Current chemotherapy regimens slow cancer progression and save lives, but these powerful drugs affect both healthy and cancerous cells. Now, researchers have designed DNA-based nanogels that only break down and release their chemotherapeutic contents within cancer cells, minimizing the impacts on normal ones and potentially eliminating painful and uncomfortable side effects.
Parental restrictions on tech use have little lasting effect into adulthood
A new study of more than 1,200 individuals found that time spent with digital technology during adolescence has little impact on long-term use, suggesting that worries about widespread tech addiction may be overblown. Parental limits on youth tech use had no lasting impact on use in adulthood.
COVID-19 Forecasts: Deaths
CDC works with partners to bring together weekly forecasts for COVID-19 deaths in one place. These forecasts have been developed independently and shared publicly. It is important to bring these forecasts together to help understand how they compare with each other and how much uncertainty there is about what may happen in the upcoming four weeks.
Motorized sensors aim to improve and speed up early-stage disease diagnosis
Researchers want to make it easier to catch diseases earlier in the process, improving patient outlooks and taking some of the load off the medical system.
For neural research, wireless chip shines light on the brain
Researchers have developed a chip that is powered wirelessly and can be surgically implanted to read neural signals and stimulate the brain with both light and electrical current. The technology has been demonstrated successfully in rats and is designed for use as a research tool.
Single-cell technique could provide women's 'egg health' indicators
Using the power of single-cell analysis, researchers have assessed the effects of age on egg cells (oocytes) in mice, particularly looking to identify genomic and epigenetic factors that relate to reduced developmental competence. The knowledge uncovered by this research provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying egg quality and is relevant to the development of techniques to assess the quality of human egg cells, an area of growing importance as the use of fertility treatments increases.
How the polio vaccine virus occasionally becomes dangerous
The polio vaccines heralded the elimination of polio from the U.S., saving countless children from sudden paralysis and death. In the developing world, however, outbreaks of poliovirus still occur sporadically, an ironic consequence of the polio vaccine itself. A new genetic study of the vaccine poliovirus reveals how this happens in real time.
Alzheimer's disease drug may help fight against antibiotic resistance
An experimental Alzheimer's disease treatment is proving effective at treating some of the most persistent, life-threatening antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Researchers have discovered that the drug called PBT2 is effective at disrupting and killing a class of bacteria - known as Gram-negative bacteria - that cause infections such as pneumonia, bloodstream infections and meningitis.
Research on environmental history: 330-year-old poplar tree tells of its life
Similar to genetic mutations, epigenetic changes, i.e. gene modifications that do not occur on the primary DNA sequence, sometimes arise accidentally in plants and can be transmitted across generations. Using trees as a model, researchers have now shown for the first time that these so-called epimutations accumulate continuously throughout plant development, and that they can be employed as a molecular clock to estimate the age of a tree.
In the lab, scientists identify possible COVID-19 treatment
Immunologists have determined the process driving life-threatening inflammation, lung damage and organ failure in patients with COVID-19, sepsis and other inflammatory disorders suggesting possible treatment using existing drugs.
среда, 18 ноября 2020 г.
System can sterilize medical tools using solar heat
Autoclaves, which are used to sterilize medical tools, require a steady supply of hot, pressurized steam. Researchers have come up with a way to generate that steam passively, using just the power of sunlight, to help maintain safe, sterile equipment at low cost in remote locations.
Killing cancer naturally: New process to produce compounds with anti-cancer properties
Scientists have made a breakthrough in the development of potential drugs that can kill cancer cells. They have discovered a method of synthesizing organic compounds that are four times more fatal to cancer cells and leave non-cancerous cells unharmed. Their research can assist in the creation of new anticancer drugs with minimal side effects.
Certain CBD oils no better than pure CBD at inhibiting certain cancer cell lines
Cannabidiol (CBD) oils are equally or less effective at inhibiting the growth of certain cancer cells compared to pure CBD, according to researchers. The results of their recent study indicate that future research into the clinical applications of cannabinoids should include an analysis of whether the pure cannabinoid compound or intact plant material is more effective at achieving the therapeutic effect.
A more sensitive way to detect circulating tumor cells
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women, and metastasis from the breast to other areas of the body is the leading cause of death in these patients. Detecting circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the bloodstream could help doctors find and treat metastases at an earlier stage, increasing chances of survival. Now, researchers have developed a method that could more sensitively detect CTCs within the complex environment of blood.
Tackling food allergies at the source
Food allergies cost billions of dollars and cause enormous suffering for people. Researchers are trying to remove the source of food allergies altogether -- troublesome proteins made by our favorite crops.
Does air pollution affect mental health later in life?
In a study of women aged 80 years and older, living in locations with higher exposures to air pollution was associated with increased depressive symptoms.
Teaching and complex tools 'evolved together'
The human ability to teach and our use of complex tools may have evolved together, according to new research.
Gut microbiome manipulation could result from virus discovery
Scientists have discovered how a common virus in the human gut infects and takes over bacterial cells - a finding that could be used to control the composition of the gut microbiome, which is important for human health. The research could aid efforts to engineer beneficial bacteria that produce medicines and fuels and clean up pollutants.
Which particulate air pollution poses the greatest health risk?
Researchers have investigated whether particulate matter from certain sources can be especially harmful to human health. They found evidence that the amount of particulate matter alone is not the greatest health risk. Rather, it could be the so-called oxidative potential that makes particulate pollution so harmful.
Just hours of training triples doctor confidence in use of handheld ultrasound devices
Filling a training gap, a doctor created a geriatric medicine-centered course for point-of-care-ultrasound (POCUS) devices that doubled doctor confidence.
Could key gene system discovery be suffocating corals' last gasp?
Climate change and localised pollution are exposing marine life worldwide to lower oxygen levels leaving fragile coral reef ecosystems especially vulnerable. A unique experiment has given scientists unprecedented insight into how some corals respond to low environmental oxygen levels and how this information could guide future coral management, including genetic modification and selection.
Permanent night shift workers at heightened risk of moderate to severe asthma
Shift workers, especially those working permanent night shift rotas, may be at heightened risk of moderate to severe asthma, suggests new research.
Interim Guidance for Case Investigation and Contact Tracing in K-12 Schools
Learn what administrators of public and private K-12 schools should know about COVID-19 case investigation and contact tracing.
Considerations for Restaurants and Bars
CDC offers considerations for ways in which operators can protect employees, customers, and communities and slow the spread of COVID-19.
3D bioprinted heart provides new tool for surgeons
Surgeons will soon have a powerful new tool for planning and practice with the creation of the first full-sized 3D bioprinted model of the human heart.
Study reveals how smoking worsens COVID-19 infection in the airways
Researchers using a model of airway tissue created from human stem cells have pinpointed how smoking cigarettes causes more severe infection by SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, in the airways of the lungs.
New SARS-CoV-2 test is a simple, cost-effective, and efficient alternative for SARS-CoV-2 testing
A new multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay performs as well as the modified Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) assay, yet can test three times more patients per run, scientists report.
Diabetes, hypertension may increase risk of COVID-19 brain complications
Some patients with COVID-19 are at higher risk of neurological complications like bleeding in the brain and stroke, according to a new study. The researchers said these potentially life-threatening findings were more common in patients with hypertension and diabetes.
New drug can improve fertility in women with reproductive health problems
A drug that acts via the natural 'kisspeptin' hormone system in the body has the potential to treat reproductive health problems in women, according to a new study.
A regular dose of nature may improve mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic
A new study suggests that nature around one's home may help mitigate some of the negative mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Aggressive COVID testing and surveillance minimized infections
An aggressive COVID-19 surveillance and testing effort at Duke University was highly effective in minimizing the spread of the disease among students on campus, according to a case study.
Kids mount a COVID-19 immune response without detection of the SARSCoV-2 virus, case study finds
Children in an Australian family developed a COVID-19 immune response after chronic exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus from their parents, a new case report has found.
вторник, 17 ноября 2020 г.
Algorithm-driven digital program helped lower patients' cholesterol, blood pressure
Researchers enrolled 5,000 patients in a remote, cholesterol and blood pressure management program utilizing care navigators and pharmacists, supported by specialists and using specialist-designed algorithms to initiate and adjust medications. Participants who completed the cholesterol program achieved a 52 mg/dl (42%) reduction in LDL cholesterol levels. Participants who completed the blood pressure program saw an average systolic and diastolic blood pressure reduction compared to baseline of 14mmHg and 6mmHg, respectively.
Retinas: New potential clues in diagnosing, treating Alzheimer's
A study has identified certain regions in the retina - the lining found in the back of the eye - that are more affected by Alzheimer's disease than other areas. The findings may help physicians predict changes in the brain as well as cognitive deterioration, even for patients experiencing the earliest signs of mild impairment.
Considerations for Events and Gatherings
Learn how to plan various size gatherings during COVID-19 to enhance the protection of individuals and communities.
Open Burning during the COVID-19 Pandemic
This document describes the public health risks of open burning, strategies to reduce smoke exposures during the COVID-19 pandemic, and resources that health officials, environmental health professionals, fire managers, and others can refer to when creating or adapting existing plans to manage open burning during the pandemic.
The long road to dementia
Alzheimer's disease develops over decades. It begins with a fatal chain reaction in which masses of misfolded beta-amyloid proteins are produced that in the end literally flood the brain. Researchers now show that this chain reaction starts much earlier in mice than commonly assumed.
Researchers improve neuronal reprogramming by manipulating mitochondria
Researchers have identified a hurdle towards an efficient conversion: the cell metabolism. By expressing neuron-enriched mitochondrial proteins at an early stage of the direct reprogramming process, the researchers achieved a four times higher conversion rate and simultaneously increased the speed of reprogramming.
Records from six growth studies analyzed to provide milestone data
For the first time ever, craniofacial growth in children can be studied comprehensively using data from six historic adolescent growth studies. Researchers analyzed more than 15,000 cranial radiographs from nearly 2,000 participants to create the Craniofacial Growth Consortium Study (CGCS).
Mobility behavior may be the key to predicting, promoting individual well-being
A researcher uses smartphone sensor data to study human behavior.
Tropical peatland conservation could protect humans from new diseases
Conservation of tropical peatlands could reduce the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the likelihood of new diseases jumping from animals to humans, researchers say.
Teeth grinding and facial pain increase due to coronavirus stress and anxiety
The stress and anxiety experienced by the general population during Israel's first lockdown brought about a significant rise in orofacial and jaw pain, as well as jaw-clenching in the daytime and teeth-grinding at night, according to a new study.
Show rates for asthma visits during COVID-19 increased thanks to telemedicine
A new study reveals that 'show rates' for children with asthma -- how often parents brought their kids to an appointment rather than being a 'no show' -- increased with the use of telemedicine during four months of the pandemic.
New study could help predict which individuals are more susceptible to cancer-causing agent
New insights into the mechanisms behind how cancer-causing agents in the environment activate genetic recombination in DNA could help to explain some of the effects of exposure as well as predicting which individuals may be more susceptible to developing the disease, a new study has suggested.
Existing antidepressant helps to inhibit growth of cancer cells in lab animals
New research has shown that the antidepressant sertraline helps to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. The substance acts on a metabolic addiction that allows different types of cancer to grow. This is shown by a study on cell cultures and lab animals.
Sharp rise in sedentary time among newly retired women evident 2 plus years later
The sharp rise of more than 20 minutes a day in average sedentary time among newly retired women seems to be maintained 2 or more years later, reveals new research.
Health care workers most at risk for COVID-19
Health care workers -- particularly nurses -- have a higher prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection than non-health care workers, according to a new study.
'Alarming' COVID-19 study shows 80 percent of respondents report significant symptoms of depression
A new national survey, looking at how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted young U.S. adults' loneliness, reveals 'significant depressive symptoms' in 80 percent of participants.
Cardiovascular factors: Effects on COVID-19 risk
A new study uses a novel approach to investigate the effects of cardiovascular risk factors on the risk of COVID-19 infection.
Masks don't impair lung function during physical activity, study finds
While they might feel uncomfortable, facemasks do not significantly change the actual work of breathing or the flow of oxygen and carbon dioxide when worn while exercising, researchers report.
Measles outbreaks likely in wake of COVID-19 pandemic
Major measles outbreaks will likely occur during 2021 as an unexpected consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, according to a new academic article.
понедельник, 16 ноября 2020 г.
COVID-19 Critical Infrastructure Sector Response Planning
Find CDC's guidance for critical workers on how to develop a COVID-19 response plan.
Changes to the brain's reward system may drive overeating in mice
A combination of innate differences and diet-induced changes to the reward system may predispose some mice to overeat, according to research recently published in JNeurosci.
A change of heart: New drug for HCM reduces heart mass
For the first time, a medication has impacted heart muscle thickness and function for patients with the most common inherited heart condition, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, rather than simply addressing their symptoms.
Who is the world's best super-recognizer? This test could help us find them
Psychologists are hoping a new Face Test will help unearth more of Australia's top performers in facial recognition, known as super-recognizers.
Bursts of exercise can lead to significant improvements in indicators of metabolic health
Short bursts of physical exercise induce changes in the body's levels of metabolites that correlate to, and may help gauge, an individual's cardiometabolic, cardiovascular and long-term health, a study has found. Approximately 12 minutes of acute cardiopulmonary exercise impacted more than 80% of circulating metabolites, including pathways linked to a range of favorable health outcomes, thus identifying potential mechanisms that could contribute to a better understanding of cardiometabolic benefits of exercise.
Screening K-12 Students for Symptoms of COVID-19: Limitations and Considerations
Provides guidance to K-12 schools on how to screen for COVID-19 symptoms as part of reopening schools in fall 2020.
Chronic alcohol use reshapes the brain's immune landscape, driving anxiety and addiction
Deep within the brain, a small almond-shaped region called the amygdala plays a vital role in how we exhibit emotion, behavior and motivation; it's also strongly implicated in alcohol abuse. Now, for the first time, a team has identified important changes to anti-inflammatory mechanisms and cellular activity in the amygdala that drive alcohol addiction.
Mediterranean diet helps reduce effects of stress in animal model
Even before the pandemic and the presidential election, Americans reported some of the highest perceived levels of stress in the world, according to the American Psychological Association. Not only does stress have negative effects on work and personal relationships, it also increases the risk of many chronic conditions, such as heart disease and Alzheimer's disease, and is associated with higher mortality rates.
Scientists discover new mechanism controlling brain size
International research has led to the discovery of a new mechanism that controls the size of our brains. The finding, which is based on studies on a rare congenital brain disease, delivers an important piece of data in our knowledge about how the human brain is formed during development.
Liver condition identified in patients using urine samples
Fifty fragments of proteins, termed peptides, have been identified in the urine of liver fibrosis patients in a new study that could pave the way for a potential diagnostic urine test for the condition if further validated.
Children with a migration background often misdiagnosed as having an 'impairment of language acquisition'
Around 45% of children in Austrian day nurseries have a first language other than German. Those who our experiencing difficulty in learning the second language are often diagnosed as having a suspected 'impairment of language acquisition'. In fact, this often merely reflects the fact that they have not yet fully acquired the second language.
Public Health Guidance for Community-Related Exposure
Public Health Recommendations for People in U.S. Communities Exposed to a Person with Known or Suspected COVID-19, other than Health Workers or other Critical Infrastructure Workers
Dieting and weight worries on rise in teens
Significantly higher numbers of Generation Z boys and girls in the UK are dieting to lose weight, and are likely to overestimate their own weight, finds a new study.
Hydroxychloroquine does not help patients hospitalized with COVID-19, study finds
Findings from a national U.S. study 'do not support' the use of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
With or without allergies, outcomes similar for hospitalized patients with COVID-19
A new study examines hospital data to determine if those with allergic conditions had more severe COVID-related disease than those without.
Diabetes drug can treat and reverse heart failure and reduce hospitalizations
Empagliflozin, a recently developed diabetes drug, can effectively treat and reverse heart failure in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients, according to new research.
Repetitive elements trigger RIG-I-like receptors to enhance hematopoietic stem cell formation
Hematopoietic stem cells can replenish all the different cell types of our blood system. For this reason, hematopoietic stem cells are the cells used in many blood diseases when patients need transplantations. Thus, our ability to generate, amplify and maintain these cells is important for human health.
From the inside out: How the brain forms sensory memories
New study identifies a region of the thalamus as a key source of signals encoding past experiences in the neocortex.
COVID-19 survival among elderly patients could be improved by arthritis drug, study finds
A type of arthritis drug may reduce the risk of dying for elderly patients with COVID-19, according to new research.
Researchers identify promising new compounds to potentially treat novel coronaviruses
Researchers have discovered new drug compounds to potentially treat the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19. This finding could lead to the development of new broad-spectrum antiviral drugs that target viruses such as influenza, Ebola and coronaviruses.
New saliva-based antibody test for SARS-CoV-2 highly accurate in initial study
A new saliva-based test has been found to accurately detect the presence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, from small samples of saliva. Such tests, the results of which can be obtained in a matter of hours, are seen as potential alternatives to blood-sample antibody tests for research and clinical use.
STRENGTH trial finds new fish oil medication did not reduce the risk of cardiac events
A medication derived from fish oil, containing the omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA, was evaluated in a large, international study of more than 13,000 people who had existing heart disease or who were at high risk of heart disease due to other medical conditions. The medication did not reduce the risk of cardiac events compared to a corn oil-based placebo in the STRENGTH trial.
Cannabis strength soars over past half century
Largest study on how cannabis has changed over time finds increased strength putting consumers at greater risk of harm.
Natural approach to antiperspirants
Researchers have just made a major breakthrough in the study of natural antiperspirants.
Rivaroxaban may be as effective as warfarin for bioprosthetic mitral valves, AF
The RIVER trial is the largest study assessing the efficacy and safety of the anticoagulant rivaroxaban in patients with an artificial mitral valve to correct an irregular heart rhythm. Researchers concluded that rivaroxaban worked as well as the standard anticoagulant medication warfarin.
Healthy sleep habits help lower risk of heart failure
Healthy sleep habits are associated with a lower risk of heart failure. Adults with the healthiest sleep patterns (morning risers, sleeping 7-8 hours a day and no frequent insomnia, snoring or excessive daytime sleepiness) experienced a 42% reduction in the risk of heart failure compared to those with unhealthy sleep patterns.
Antibiotic exposure in children under age 2 associated with chronic conditions
Children under age 2 who take antibiotics are at greater risk for childhood-onset asthma, respiratory allergies, eczema, celiac disease, obesity and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, according to a new article. While previous studies have looked at the association of antibiotics with single diseases, this is the first to look at the association across many diseases.
Patients taking statins experience similar side effects from dummy pills
People taking dummy pills and statins experienced similar side effects in a new study.
воскресенье, 15 ноября 2020 г.
Go (over) easy on the eggs: 'Egg-cess' consumption linked to diabetes
Scrambled, poached or boiled, eggs are a popular breakfast food the world over. Yet the health benefits of the humble egg might not be all they're cracked up to be as new research shows that excess egg consumption can increase your risk of diabetes.
пятница, 13 ноября 2020 г.
The future's uncertain, but noradrenaline can help us adapt
A brain chemical called noradrenaline is responsible for our responses to uncertain situations - helping us to learn quickly and adapt our behavior, a new study has found.
Circular RNA regulates neuronal differentiation by scaffolding an inhibitory transcription complex
In a screening for a functional impact to the neuronal differentiation process, researchers identified a specific circular RNA, circZNF827, which surprisingly 'taps the brake' on neurogenesis. The results provide an interesting example of co-evolution of a circRNA, and its host-encoded protein product, that regulate each other's function, to directly impact the fundamental process of neurogenesis.
A few kilograms weight loss nearly halves the risk of diabetes
Losing a few kilograms in weight almost halves people's risk of developing Type 2 diabetes - according to a large scale research study. The research shows how providing support to help people with prediabetes make small changes to their lifestyle, diet and physical activity can almost halve the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. The findings come from the largest diabetes prevention research study in the world in the last 30 years. The clinical trial involved >1,000 people with prediabetes.
Computer vision app allows easier monitoring of diabetes
A computer vision technology developed by engineers has now been developed into a free mobile phone app for regular monitoring of glucose levels in people with diabetes.
Frequently Asked Questions about COVID-19 Vaccination
Answers to commonly asked questions about COVID-19 vaccines, including vaccine cost, availability, and types.
Multistate Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in Blood Donors
CDC is conducting a nationwide COVID-19 seroprevalence survey in 25 U.S. metropolitan areas to understand the percentage of people in the United States who may have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.
An epidemic outbreak of Mesoamerican Nephropathy in Nicaragua linked to nickel toxicity
For over 20 years, researchers have tried to solve the medical mystery behind Mesoamerican Nephropathy, a form of chronic kidney disease that has caused more than 50,000 deaths in coastal South America. Now, researchers present the strongest evidence to date on the cause of the disease in one of the worst-hit hotspots in the region, Nicaragua, using an unlikely source, the toenails of individuals with the disease.
Shining a light on the role of the genome's 'dark matter' in cancer development
Innovative research has shed light on the mysterious role of long non-coding RNAs in the development of pancreatic cancer and suggests potential new targets for precision cancer therapies.
Previous COVID-19 Forecasts: Hospitalizations
Learn about COVID-19 forecasts and modeling for new hospitalizations.
Nearly one in five parents of food-allergic children are bullied
A new study shows that nearly one in five parents of food-allergic kids are the target of bullying by a multitude of sources.
Study reveals physical demands of two-hour marathon
Elite runners need a specific combination of physiological abilities to have any chance of running a sub-two-hour marathon, new research shows.
четверг, 12 ноября 2020 г.
Pollution and pandemics: A dangerous mix
Pollution may bear part of the blame for the rapid proliferation in the United States of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the spread of COVID-19, according to new research.
Common SARS-CoV-2 mutation may make COVID-19 more susceptible to a vaccine
A common strain of coronavirus has mutated to help it spread quickly, but the spike mutation may make SARS-CoV-2 more susceptible to vaccines under development, according to a new study.
Mimicking SARS-CoV-2 nasal infection in monkeys
A new rhesus macaque animal model recapitulates the clinical and pathological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) observed in humans by mimicking natural infection via the nasal route, according to a new study.
Learning pathways could guide children who miss best start to improved literacy by age 11
A study of 7,000 children shows that the early talk and communication experienced when very young, while essential preparation for school, does not directly impact on literacy skills by age 11. Although talking, reading, or singing to a young child is very important, children who experience this less - typically those from less-advantaged backgrounds - need not be permanently disadvantaged. By targeting specific 'learning pathways', they could be helped to catch up with their more fortunate peers.
Once-discounted binding mechanism may be key to targeting viruses
Researchers detail subtle stabilizing effects in cells' ability to recognize coronaviruses that compromise the immune system. The discovery could lead to new targets to prevent disease.
Chemists discover the structure of a key coronavirus protein
Chemists have determined the molecular structure of a protein found in the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This protein forms a cation-selective channel and plays a key role in the virus's ability to replicate itself. If researchers could devise ways to block this channel, they may be able to reduce the pathogenicity of the virus and interfere with viral replication.
What Nail Salon Employees Need to Know about COVID-19
What Nail Salon Employees Need to Know about COVID-19
Meat and Poultry Processing Workers and Employers
Guidance for Meat and Poultry Processing Workers and Employers
What Long-haul Truck Drivers Need to Know about COVID-19
What Long-haul Truck Drivers Need to Know about COVID-19
What Construction Workers Need to Know about COVID-19
What Construction Workers Need to Know about COVID-19
Scientific Brief: Community Use of Cloth Masks to Control the Spread of SARS-CoV-2
Scientific Brief: Community Use of Cloth Masks to Control the Spread of SARS-CoV-2
Is proton therapy the silver bullet for children with brain cancer?
How safe is proton therapy for children with brain cancer compared to the conventional x-ray radiation delivered post-surgery?
Scientists discover possible genetic target for treating endometriosis
Researchers have identified a potential genetic target for treating an especially painful and invasive form of endometriosis.
Dopamine surge reveals how even for mice, 'there's no place like home'
''There's no place like home,'' has its roots deep in the brain. Using fiber photometry, scientists are the first to show that home evokes a surge of dopamine in mice that mimics the response to a dose of cocaine. The study demonstrates how dopamine rises rapidly in mice moved from a simple recording chamber to their home cage, but less so when they return to a cage not quite like the one they knew.
Investigating the Impact of COVID-19 during Pregnancy
Investigating the Impact of COVID-19 during Pregnancy
Researchers show safer, more targeted way to deliver CRISPR gene therapy
Biomedical researchers have come up with a novel way to use a beam of light to deliver CRISPR gene therapy molecules targeting illnesses.
A potential game-changer to reverse alcohol intoxication
Researchers present a proof of concept of a simple method that could become a game-changer in rescue therapy for severe alcohol intoxication, as well as just 'sobering up.'
Early-life events linked to lung health in young adulthood
Early-life events, such as the exposure to air pollutants, increases the risk of chronic lung disease in young adulthood, according to new results. The studies add to the growing evidence that chronic lung disease in adulthood can be traced back to childhood.
Compounds block stress-enhanced nicotine intake in rats
Researchers have discovered that compounds that activate GABA receptors in the brain can keep rats from self-administering increased levels of nicotine during stressful conditions in an animal model for relapse.
Treatments for people with early COVID-19 infection is an urgent research focus
COVID-19 treatments for people with early infection are needed urgently, according to experts. Treating people early in the course of infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, would speed their recovery, reduce the likelihood that they develop severe outcomes and reduce demand on the healthcare system, they write.
среда, 11 ноября 2020 г.
Smell and taste changes provide early indication of COVID-19 community spread
Self-reports of smell and taste changes provide earlier markers of the spread of infection of SARS-CoV-2 than current governmental indicators, according to an international team of researchers. The researchers also observed a decline in self-reports of smell and taste changes as early as five days after lockdown enforcement, with faster declines reported in countries that adopted the most stringent lockdown measures.
Study finds lasting fatigue common after COVID-19 infection
More than half of people with acute COVID-19 infection continue to have persistent fatigue 10 weeks after their initial illness, according to a new study.
Cloth face masks that can be disinfected by the sun
Researchers have developed a special type of cotton face mask that kills up to 99.9999 percent of bacteria and viruses within 60 minutes of daylight exposure.
Life after COVID hospitalization: Study shows major lasting effects on health, work and more
Outcomes for COVID-19 patients two months after a stay in one of 38 Michigan hospitals include high rates of death, rehospitalization, lingering health issues and problems with work and finances.
Folding proteins feel the heat, and cold
A new study shows proteins that presumably evolved to avoid water as they fold may actually behave in ways scientists did not anticipate.
Scientists identify protein that protects against Lyme
Researchers have discovered a protein that helps protect hosts from infection with the tick-borne spirochete that causes Lyme Disease, a finding that may help diagnose and treat this infection.
Mental health strained by disaster
A new study found that suicide rates increase during all types of disasters -- including severe storms, floods, hurricanes and ice storms -- with the largest overall increase occurring two years after a disaster. A team of researchers examined the impact of 281 natural disasters on suicide rates during a 12-year span and found overall suicide rates increased by 23% when compared to rates before and after the disaster.
Detecting Alzheimer's disease before symptoms arise
Both of Andrew Kiselica's grandfathers developed dementia when he was in graduate school.
Review of plants' role in antibacterial activity clears new paths for drug discovery
New research examines 459 plant natural products that met rigorous criteria for demonstrating antibacterial activity.
Novel population of neurons identified that control binocular eye movements in 3D space
Researchers have discovered a previously undescribed population of neurons called saccade-vergence burst neurons that help control our eyes as they view in three-dimensional space. Models had predicted the existence of such neurons. The neurons are in a region of the mid-brain called the central mesencephalic reticular formation.
Framework to study brain connectivity in living organisms
A new study lays out a large medical analytics framework that can be used in neuroscience and neurology to study brain connectivity in living organisms.
Viral vaccines preserved without refrigeration
Half of vaccines are wasted annually because they aren't kept cold. Chemical engineers have now discovered a way to stabilize viruses in vaccines with proteins instead of temperature.
Modelling microswimmers for drug delivery
Theoretical physicists have modeled the motion of microscopic, motile bodies - either powered micro-machines or living cells - in viscous liquid drops, using the Navier-Stokes equations. This work has applications in materials science and medicine.
Researchers light-up mouse brain, revealing previously hidden areas susceptible to opioids
New work shows that kappa opioid receptors actually are distributed widely throughout the brain. The researchers made this discovery after lighting up the brains of mice using a technique called CLARITY followed by three-dimensional (3D) fluorescent imaging. The study is the first to apply the imaging technique to better understand opioid receptor localization across the whole brain in 3D images.
Researchers trap electrons to create elusive crystal
Now, researchers have developed a way to stack two-dimensional semiconductors and trap electrons in a repeating pattern that forms a specific and long-hypothesized crystal.
A molecule from gut bacteria reduces effect of diabetes medication
The action of metformin, the classic drug used to treat diabetes by stabilizing blood sugar, can be blocked by a molecule from the bacteria in our intestines, a new study shows.
How molecular chaperones dissolve protein aggregates linked to Parkinson's disease
In many neurodegenerative diseases, proteins clump in the brain, forming so-called amyloid fibrils. Yet there exists a cellular defence mechanism that counteracts this process and even dissolves fibrils already formed. The mechanism is based on the activity of molecular helpers, so-called chaperones of the heat shock protein 70 family.
Former NFL players may not suffer more severe cognitive impairment than others, study indicates
Even though repeated hits to the head are common in professional sports, the long-term effects of concussions are still poorly understood. While many believe that professional athletes who experience multiple concussions will end up with severe cognitive impairment later in life, a new study suggests that may not necessarily be the case.
DNA repair supports brain cognitive development
Researchers showed that na enzyme functions in genome maintenance by preventing double-stranded breaks in DNA during brain development in mice. In mice lacking this enzyme, these breaks occurred during epigenetic regulation of gene expression in the developing hippocampus, peaking two weeks after birth. The increased breaks were associated with abnormal neuronal dendrites and poor memory ability.
Prenatal thyroid hormones influence 'biological age' at birth
The environment we experience in early-life is known to have major consequences on later-life health and lifespan. A new study using an avian model suggests that increased prenatal exposure to maternal thyroid hormones could have beneficial effects on the 'biological age' at birth.
Job interest not a big predictor of job satisfaction
Interest in an occupation matters, but not as much as you might think when it comes to job satisfaction. While it's not a strong predictor of satisfaction, a researcher found that it may help in your performance on the job.
Link between sleep apnea and increased risk of dementia
A new study by Monash University has found that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been linked to an increased risk of dementia.
Sleep loss hijacks brain's activity during learning
Sleep is crucial for consolidating our memories, and sleep deprivation has long been known to interfere with learning and memory. Now a new study shows that getting only half a night's sleep - as many medical workers and military personnel often do - hijacks the brain's ability to unlearn fear-related memories. That might put people at greater risk of conditions such as anxiety or posttraumatic stress disorder.
Breakthrough discovery on brain cortex functionality
A team of researchers from UTSA's Neurosciences Institute is challenging the historical belief that the organization of the cortical circuit of GABAergic neurons is exclusively local.
вторник, 10 ноября 2020 г.
High temperatures threaten the survival of insects
Insects have difficulties handling the higher temperatures brought on by climate change, and might risk overheating. The ability to reproduce is also strongly affected by rising temperatures, even in northern areas of the world, according to a new study.
Sweet taste reduces appetite?
To date, very little is known about how sweetness perception contributes to satiety. This study provides new insights into the relationship between the sweet taste of sugar, energy intake and the regulatory process of hunger and satiety.
Prescriptions of antipsychotic medications in young children is declining
The use of antipsychotics in young children is declining but doctors continue to prescribe these medications off-label for conditions not approved by the Food and Drug Administration and without the recommended psychiatric consultation, a new study found.
Young survivors of acute myeloid leukemia have long-term complications from treatment
Adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients treated for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have a high risk of developing several long-term health complications after treatment, a study has found. The most common complications were cardiovascular, endocrine and respiratory diseases. The complications - known as late effects - were more present among non-white AYA patients and those living in more deprived neighborhoods.
Burnout can exacerbate work stress, further promoting a vicious circle
Work stress and burnout are mutually reinforcing; surprisingly, the effect of work stress on burnout is much smaller than the effect of burnout on work stress.
Plasma treatments quickly kill coronavirus on surfaces
Plasma could yield a significant breakthrough in the fight against the spread of COVID-19. In a new study, modeling conducted showed strains of the coronavirus on surfaces like metal, leather, and plastic were killed in as little as 30 seconds of treatment with argon-fed, cold atmospheric plasma.
Tracking down the causes of heart attack
Heart attacks strike suddenly and have a range of different triggers. Researchers were able to uncover a further underlying cause. Studying arterial deposits (plaque) in patients with acute coronary syndrome, the researchers found that, in some patients, these were characterized by activated immune cells which, as a result of altered flow conditions within the vessel, had accumulated on the interior arterial wall, causing damage to the arterial lining.
Veganism: Vitamin B12 is well supplemented, iodine is a matter of concern
Those following a vegan diet have an increased risk of iodine deficiency.
Implantable sensor could measure bodily functions -- and then safely biodegrade
Sensors that monitor a patient's condition during and after medical procedures can be expensive, uncomfortable and even dangerous. Now, an international team of researchers has designed a highly sensitive flexible gas sensor that can be implanted in the body -- and, after it's no longer needed, safely biodegrade into materials that are absorbed by the body.
Fish give insight on sound sensitivity in autism
Scientists used zebrafish that carry the same genetic mutations as humans with Fragile X syndrome and autism, and discovered the neural networks and pathways that produce the hypersensitivities to sound in both species.
Stop the Spread of Rumors
Know the facts about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and help stop the spread of rumors. For up-to-date information, visit CDC's coronavirus disease 2019 situation summary page.
Printable ink guides cell growth, offers nerve injury hope
New research has cracked a major challenge in the emerging field of nerve engineering. The ink can concentrate neuron growth where it is needed, meticulously guiding cells to regrow in lines between the broken ends of a nerve.
Backup mechanism removes cellular debris from the brain
Microglia -- the brain's immune cells -- play a primary role in removing cellular debris from the brain. A research team has found that another kind of brain cell, called astrocyte, is also involved in removing debris as a backup to microglia.
Empathy and perspective taking: How social skills are built
Being able to feel empathy and to take in the other person's perspective are two abilities through which we understand what is going on in the other's mind. But it is still unclear what exactly they constitute. Researches have now developed a model which explains what empathy and perspective taking are made of: It is not one specific competence rather than many individual factors that vary according to the situation.
Do consumers enjoy events more when commenting on them?
Generating content increases people's enjoyment of positive experiences.
Severe COVID-19 infection rare in newborns, study finds
Severe COVID-19 infection appears rare in newborn babies, suggests a new study. The study traced all babies, less than 29 days old with COVID-19 across the United Kingdom, who needed to be admitted into hospital.
Large, delayed outbreaks of endemic diseases possible following COVID-19 controls
Measures such as mask wearing and social distancing that are key to reducing coronavirus infection have also greatly reduced the incidence of other diseases, such as influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). But researchers report that current reductions in these common respiratory infections, however, may increase people's susceptibility to these diseases, resulting in large future outbreaks when they begin circulating again.
Chemicals in your living room cause diabetes
A new study shows flame retardants found in nearly every American home cause mice to give birth to offspring that become diabetic.
понедельник, 9 ноября 2020 г.
Diet and lifestyle during pregnancy linked to modifications in infants' DNA
A new study has shown pregnant women with obesity could reduce the health risks for their infants through improved diet and more physical activity.
New insight into a placental gene pathway and its association with vitamin D
Vitamin D status during pregnancy has multifaceted effects on maternal health. Researchers found that vitamin D sufficiency lowered the expression of placental genes related to preeclampsia - a severe, and sometimes fatal, condition. Their findings shed new light on the development of preeclampsia during pregnancy and how it may correlate with maternal vitamin D status.
Researchers identify new Rickettsia bacteria species in dogs
Researchers have identified a new species of Rickettsia bacteria that may cause significant disease in dogs and humans. This new yet unnamed species, initially identified in three dogs, is part of the spotted-fever group Rickettsia which includes Rickettsia rickettsii, the bacteria that cause Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF).
Bringing drugs to the brain with nanoparticles to treat neurodegenerative diseases
Researchers have shown that nanoparticles could be used to deliver drugs to the brain to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
Healthcare Facilities That Have Implemented COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting
Healthcare Facilities That Have Implemented COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting
Resources for Laboratories Working on Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Resources and interim guidelines for laboratory professionals working with specimens from persons with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Significant psychological toll from New Zealand COVID-19 lockdown
Research has confirmed the nationwide Alert Level 4 COVID-19 lockdown had a significant toll on New Zealanders' well-being, especially for younger people -- but the results were not all negative.
The natural artistry of disease: A wintry landscape in the eye
Researchers report a case of frosted branch angiitis in a woman presenting years after being treated for leukemia-lymphoma with allogeneic human stem cell transplant. The relevance of this ocular finding is discussed and its value as an early warning sign of immune activation following therapeutic immunological interventions is highlighted.
90% accuracy in detecting melanoma: New non-invasive method
A team of researchers proposed a non-invasive method for detection of melanoma. A patented computer-aided diagnostic system developed by scientists proved to be more than 90% accurate in detecting malignancy in diagnostic images of skin lesions acquired from 100 patients.
Social distancing is increasing loneliness in older adults
Social distancing introduced in response to COVID-19 is increasing feelings of loneliness in Scotland's older population and impacting their wellbeing, according to a new study.
COVID-19 can worsen OCD in children and young people, study finds
Many children and young people with obsessive thoughts and compulsions experience that their OCD, anxiety and depressive symptoms worsen during a crisis such as COVID-19, according to new research.
Trauma hospitalizations fall in Philly during COVID-19 lockdown, but gun violence rises
Non-intentional trauma fell compared to the period before COVID this year, but ratios of gun violence patients increased after stay-at-home orders were implemented, and were high compared to the same timeframe in previous years, according to new research.
Do spoilers harm movie box-office revenue?
Spoiler reviews have a positive and statistically significant relationship with box office revenue.
More economic worries mean less caution about COVID-19
Workers experiencing job and financial insecurity are less likely to follow the CDC's guidelines for COVID-19, such as physical distancing, limiting trips from home and washing hands, according to a new study. The researchers, who surveyed 745 workers in 43 states, also found that state unemployment benefits and COVID-19 policies affected the connection between economic concerns and compliance with COVID-19 precautions.
10 Things Healthcare Professionals Need to Know about U.S. COVID-19 Vaccination Plans
10 Things Healthcare Professionals Need to Know about U.S. COVID-19 Vaccination Plans
How CDC Is Making COVID-19 Vaccine Recommendations
How CDC Is Making COVID-19 Vaccine Recommendations
High blood pressure complications in US pregnancies have nearly doubled
Researchers found high blood pressure complicated about 80,000 pregnancies in 2018, nearly twice as many as in 2007. Women living in rural areas continue to be approximately 20% more likely to have high blood pressure before pregnancy than women living in urban communities.
Calories by the clock? Squeezing most of your calories in early doesn't impact weight loss
Time-restricted eating, which restricts eating to specific hours of the day, did not impact weight among overweight adults with prediabetes or diabetes. Adults in the 12-week study ate the same healthy, pre-prepared foods, however, one group ate the bulk of their calories before 1 p.m. each day, versus the other group that ate 50% of their calories after 5 p.m.
People who eat chili pepper may live longer?
Consumption of chili pepper may reduce the relative risk of cardiovascular disease mortality by 26%, according to an analysis of diet and mortality data from four large, international studies. Chili pepper consumption was associated with a 25% reduction in death from any cause and 23% fewer cancer deaths, compared to people who never or only rarely consumed chili pepper.
More green spaces can help boost air quality, reduce heart disease deaths
The number of trees, shrubs and grasses in an area - known as green space or greenness - can improve air quality, counteract air pollution and may reduce heart disease deaths. Policies that improve environmental factors also can improve cardiovascular health among a diverse population.
Scientists create hybrid tissue construct for cartilage regeneration
Scientists have developed a method to bioprint a type of cartilage that could someday help restore knee function damaged by arthritis or injury.
воскресенье, 8 ноября 2020 г.
Large-area flexible organic photodiodes can compete with silicon devices
The performance of flexible large-area organic photodiodes has advanced to the point that they can now offer advantages over conventional silicon photodiode technology, particularly for applications such as biomedical imaging and biometric monitoring that require detecting low levels of light across large areas.
Why consumers think pretty food is healthier
People tend to think that pretty-looking food is healthier (e.g., more nutrients, less fat) and more natural (e.g., purer, less processed) than ugly-looking versions of the same food.
пятница, 6 ноября 2020 г.
COVID-19 linked to worse stroke outcomes
People who experience strokes while infected with COVID-19 appear to be left with greater disability after the stroke, according a new study.
Pay people to get COVID-19 jab to ensure widespread coverage, says leading ethicist
Governments should consider incentivising people to get a COVID-19 jab, when the vaccine becomes available, to achieve the required level of herd immunity -- which could be up to 80%+ of the population -- and stamp out the infection, argues a leading ethicist.
A brief pilot intervention enhances preschoolers' self-regulation and food liking
Mindfulness training and engaging in classroom-based games can influence self-regulation and food liking when introduced during the preschool years according to a new study.
Game 'pre-bunks' political misinformation by letting players undermine democracy
An online game helps 'inoculate' players against fake news by showing them how political misinformation is created and circulated. Launched today, Harmony Square has been created by psychologists with support from US Department of Homeland Security. Accompanying study shows that a single play reduces the perceived reliability of misinformation in users.
Agriculture Workers and Employers
Interim guidance on COVID-19 for agriculture workers and employers
Protecting Seafood Processing Workers from COVID-19
Guidance for seafood processing workers and employers on protection from COVID-19.
What Firefighters and EMS Providers Need to Know about COVID-19
What Firefighters and EMS Providers Need to Know about COVID-19
Green prescriptions could undermine the benefits of spending time in nature
Spending time in nature is believed to benefit people's mental health. However, new research suggests that giving people with existing mental health conditions formal 'green prescriptions', may undermine some of the benefits.
Anti-depressant repurposed to treat childhood cancer
A new study has found that a commonly prescribed anti-depressant may halt growth of a type of cancer known as childhood sarcoma, at least in mice and laboratory cell experiments. The findings ignite hope of novel treatment strategies against this disease.
What Law Enforcement Personnel Need to Know about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
What Law Enforcement Personnel Need to Know about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Frequently Asked Questions about Coronavirus (COVID-19) for Laboratories
Frequently Asked Questions about Coronavirus (COVID-19) for Laboratories
Vaccine shows promise against herpes virus
A genetically edited form of a herpes simplex virus has outperformed a leading vaccine candidate in a new study. When challenged with a virulent strain of the sexually transmitted HSV-2, vaccinated guinea pigs displayed fewer genital lesions, less viral replication and less of the viral shedding that most readily spreads infection.
Poor nutrition in school years may have created 20 cm height gap across nations
A new global analysis has assessed the height and weight of school-aged children and adolescents across the world.
четверг, 5 ноября 2020 г.
COVID-19 is making tinnitus worse, new study finds
New research reveals that tinnitus, a common condition that causes the perception of noise in the ear and head, is being exacerbated by COVID-19. The study, which involved 3,103 participants from 48 countries, found that 40 percent of those displaying symptoms of COVID-19 simultaneously experience a worsening of their tinnitus.
Llama nanobodies could be a powerful weapon against COVID-19
Researchers report a new method to extract tiny but extremely powerful SARS-CoV-2 antibody fragments from llamas, which could be fashioned into inhalable therapeutics with the potential to prevent and treat COVID-19.
Virus that causes COVID-19 puts a plug in cellular defenses
One of the novel coronavirus' most insidious tricks is that it can block the ability of cells to produce protective proteins without hindering its own ability to replicate. A new study reveals how it does it.
COVID-19: Enzyme targeted by virus also influences gut inflammation
An enzyme that helps COVID-19 (coronavirus) infect the body also plays a role in inflammation and patient outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), according to a new study. The findings raise the possibility that anti-inflammatory drug therapies for IBD may aid recovery from coronavirus.
Children produce different antibodies in response to SARS-CoV-2
Compared with adults, children produce a very different antibody response after infection with the new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, suggesting they clear the virus easily.
Gene in mice controls food cravings, desire to exercise
National Institutes of Health researchers have discovered a gene in mice that controls the craving for fatty and sugary foods and the desire to exercise. The gene, Prkar2a, is highly expressed in the habenula, a tiny brain region involved in responses to pain, stress, anxiety, sleep and reward. The findings could inform future research to prevent obesity and its accompanying risks for cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
Mystery molecule in bacteria is revealed to be a guard
Unusual structures in bacterial cells keep viral infection from spreading; a list of new ones could provide improved biotech tools.
Most humans are vulnerable to type 2 diabetes
Scientists have found that insulin has met an evolutionary cul-de-sac, limiting its ability to adapt to obesity and thereby rendering most people vulnerable to Type 2 diabetes.
Resensitizing 'last-resort' antibiotics for treatment of infections
A research team discovers that by repurposing an antirheumatic gold drug, auranofin (AUR), 'last-resort' antibiotics can be resensitized for treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant superbugs including bloodstream infections, pneumonia and wound infections.
Maternal, Neonatal, and Child Health Services during COVID-19
Maternal, Neonatal, and Child Health Services during COVID-19
Human intelligence just got less mysterious
Neuroscience experts have released research that breaks with the past fifty years of neuroscientific opinion, arguing that the way we store memories is key to making human intelligence superior to that of animals.
Rapid changes in biomarker of inflammation may be a key predictor of COVID-19 outcomes
Researchers analyzed patients' levels of inflammation, known to be associated with severity of illness, by looking at C-reactive protein (CRP) trends in 100 COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospital. They found that a rapid rise in CRP levels during the first 48 to 72 hours of hospitalization was predictive of subsequent respiratory deterioration and intubation, while steadier CRP levels were observed in patients whose condition remained stable.
Toolkit: One Health Approach to Address Companion Animals with SARS-CoV-2
This toolkit provides recommendations for public health and animal health officials involved in managing companion animals diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2.
Developing a Framework for Assessing and Managing Individual-Level Risk of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Exposure in Mobile Populations
Developing a Framework for Assessing and Managing Individual-Level Risk of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Exposure in Mobile Populations
Providing Spiritual and Psychosocial Support to People with COVID-19 at Home (Non-US Settings)
Providing Spiritual and Psychosocial Support to People with COVID-19 at Home (Non-US Settings)
Two motivational artificial beings are better than one for enhancing learning
Researchers have found that offline consolidation of a motor task was enhanced by praise delivered by robots, whether they were presented on a screen or were physically present. Further, simultaneous praise from two agents had a stronger effect than praise from just one, regardless of whether the agents were physically present or virtual. Such effects could be helpful for facilitating education and for general enhancement of human-robot interactions.
Tokyo's voluntary standstill may have stopped COVID-19 in its tracks
Research shows that Japan's noncompulsory state of emergency generally succeeded in reducing human movement. A recent study used mobile phone location data for January-April 2020 to record and plot movement of people in metro Tokyo during the emergence and first wave of COVID-19. Researchers found a movement reduction of over 50 percent, which in turn limited social contact and slowed infection spread.
Face masks don't hinder breathing during exercise, study finds
A new study has found that exercise performance and blood and muscle oxygen levels are not affected for healthy individuals wearing a face mask during strenuous workouts.
Social media can guide public pandemic policy, research finds
As global cases of COVID-19 fast approach 50 million, a team of Australian, Afghan, Iranian and Italian researchers examined more than 35,000 tweets and say social media analytics can capture the attitudes and perceptions of the public during a pandemic. They also suggest social media is now the best way to encourage people to follow measures and restrictions which have, in turn, triggered an increase in the use of digital technologies and platforms.
Machine learning shows similar performance to traditional risk prediction models
Some claim that machine learning technology has the potential to transform healthcare systems, but a new study finds that machine learning models have similar performance to traditional statistical models and share similar uncertainty in making risk predictions for individual patients.
Exposure to high temperatures linked to poor pregnancy outcomes
Exposure to high temperatures in pregnancy is associated with an increase in adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially preterm birth and stillbirth, and among women in lower socioeconomic groups.
Every month delayed in cancer treatment can raise risk of death by around 10%
People whose treatment for cancer is delayed by even one month have in many cases a 6 to 13% higher risk of dying - a risk that keeps rising the longer their treatment does not begin.
Case study details leukemia patient who shed infectious SARS-CoV-2 for at least 70 days
The majority of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 appear to actively shed infectious virus for about 8 days, but there is a wide range of variability from person to person. Researchers report an unusual case of one woman with leukemia and a low antibody count who was infected with the coronavirus for at least 105 days, and infectious for at least 70, while remaining asymptomatic the entire time.
Analysis reveals high burden of musculoskeletal disorders across the globe
Musculoskeletal disorders -- which affect muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones, and joints -- can severely affect individuals' physical and mental health, and they're especially prevalent among aging adults. Although many researchers are studying these conditions and their rates in different regions of the world, no study to date has provided an overview of the burden of all musculoskeletal disorders.
Technique to regenerate optic nerve offers hope for future glaucoma treatment
Scientists have used gene therapy to regenerate damaged nerve fibers in the eye, in a discovery that could aid the development of new treatments for glaucoma, one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide.
среда, 4 ноября 2020 г.
New research traces the origins of trench fever
Trench fever was first clinically described in World War 1 when it sickened nearly 500,000 soldiers. New DNA evidence proves the disease predates that time period by thousands of years.
Researchers identify key marker to help speed development of CMV vaccines
A research team has identified a key marker that will help speed effective vaccine designs for cytomegalovirus (CMV), the most common congenital infection worldwide and a leading cause of infant brain damage.
Interim Operational Considerations for Public Health Management of Healthcare Workers Exposed to or Infected with COVID-19: non-US Healthcare Settings
Interim Operational Considerations for Public Health Management of Healthcare Workers Exposed to or Infected with COVID-19: non-US Healthcare Settings
Brain region implicated in predicting the consequences of actions
A new study highlights the sophisticated mental machinery that helps the brain simulate the results of different actions and make the best choice.
'Monster tumors' could offer new glimpse at human development
Finding just the right model to study human development -- from the early embryonic stage onward -- has been a challenge for scientists over the last decade. Now, bioengineers have homed in on an unusual candidate: teratomas.
Understanding the spread of infectious diseases
Physicists have shown in model simulations that the COVID-19 infection rates decrease significantly through social distancing. For this, they combined the dynamical density functional theory to describe interacting particles and the SIR model, a theory to describe the spread of infectious diseases.
Busting Myths and Misconceptions about COVID-19 Vaccination
Busting Myths and Misconceptions about COVID-19 Vaccination
Scientists find Ebola virus antibodies in people before 2018 DRC outbreak
Scientists found antibodies to Ebola virus in people up to a year before the 2018 Ebola virus disease outbreak began in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, or DRC. This suggests that either early cases may have been missed or that exposure occurs more commonly than previously thought.
Four major predictors of COVID-19 emerge in new study
In March 2020, New York City, an icon of America, was unfortunately named an early epicenter of the novel coronavirus. Now seven months later, America faces a new surge in coronavirus cases and researchers hope to provide information and context to help with the battle ahead.
Frequently Asked Questions about COVID-19 Vaccination
Frequently Asked Questions about COVID-19 Vaccination
Western diet impairs odor-related learning and olfactory memory in mice
Problems with the sense of smell appear to be an early indicator of cognitive decline in people with type 2 diabetes. However, it's unknown whether factors such as diet and obesity play a role in who develops these symptoms. Now, researchers have found that mice fed a moderate-fat, high-sugar chow (simulating a Western diet) showed a faster decline in their ability to learn and remember new odors.
Lighting the way to selective membrane imaging
Scientists have shown how water-soluble tetraphenylethene molecules can become fluorescent when aggregating at a biomembrane-mimetic liquid-liquid interface. This work may lead to new optical molecular probes and smart vesicles for delivering pharmaceuticals directly to cells.
The dangers of collecting drinking water
Fetching drinking water in low and middle income countries can cause serious injury, particularly for women. A new study reveals dangers including falls, traffic accidents, animal attacks, and fights, which can result in broken bones, spinal injuries, lacerations, and other physical injuries. The work draws on a survey of 6,291 randomly selected households across 24 sites in 21 low- and middle-income countries in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean.
Scientists identify synthetic mini-antibody to combat COVID-19
By screening hundreds of synthetic mini-antibodies, scientists have identified one that might stop SARS-CoV-2 from infecting human cells.
COVID-19 lung damage caused by persistence of 'abnormal cells'
New research shows the SARS-CoV-2 virus' unique characteristics and may explain why patients suffer from 'long COVID'.
New method shows great potential for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
In Alzheimer's disease, a protein (peptide) forms clumps in the brain and causes sufferers to lose their memory. A research group has now described a new treatment method that increases the body's own degradation of the building blocks that lead to these protein clumps.
Different outcomes by race/ethnicity among patients with COVID-19 and rheumatic disease
Among U.S. patients with rheumatic disease and COVID-19, racial/ethnic minorities had higher risks of needing to be hospitalized and put on ventilators, according to new research.
Genetic elements involved in heart development identified
Researchers have identified a suite of genes and regulatory elements critical to normal heart development. Their study outlines the importance of 'hub genes' in heart development.
Sleep-deprived mice find cocaine more rewarding
Sleep deprivation may pave the way to cocaine addiction. Too-little sleep can increase the rewarding properties of cocaine, according to new research.
вторник, 3 ноября 2020 г.
Europe took center-stage in global spread of the coronavirus, says new research
Genome researchers have discovered that it is Europe, not China, which has been the main source of spreading the coronavirus disease around the world.
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