CDC is aggressively responding to the global outbreak of COVID-19 and preparing for the potential of community spread in the United States.
воскресенье, 31 января 2021 г.
Scientists solve long-standing mystery by a whisker
Neuroscientists have experimented on mice to identify the brain region that functions beyond sensory encoding and motor encoding, potentially opening up new directions to studying the cellular and circuit mechanisms of sensory-motor transformations. The researchers report a cortical region traditionally defined as whisker motor cortex in mice is most directly related to the transformation process.
What we see shapes what we hear
People often move their hands up and down to 'highlight' what they are saying. Are such 'beat gestures' important for communication? Researchers created words with an ambiguous stress pattern and asked listeners what they heard (DIScount or disCOUNT?). The beat gestures people saw influenced what they heard, showing that listeners quickly integrate verbal and visual information during speech recognition.
Immune system sets 'tripwire' to protect against viruses
A new study has revealed insights on the intricate, adaptive mechanisms of a protective system employed by the cells of mammalian immune systems. These defenses have evolved to set a type of tripwire that produces an immune response against attack from viruses.
'Be a man': Why some men respond aggressively to threats to manhood
When their manhood is threatened, some men respond more aggressively than others. New research suggests who may be most triggered by such threats - younger men whose sense of masculinity depends heavily on other people's opinions.
Genetic analysis of symptoms yields new insights into PTSD
A new study uncovers intriguing genetic similarities between PTSD and other mental health disorders such as anxiety, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. The findings also suggest that existing drugs commonly used for other disorders might be modified to help treat individual symptoms of multiple disorders.
Why anesthetic stops cell's walkers in their tracks
Researchers detail the mechanism that allows propofol, a common anesthetic, to halt the movement of kinesin proteins that deliver cargoes to the far reaches of cells.
Frequent cannabis use by young people linked to decline in IQ
A study has found that adolescents who frequently use cannabis may experience a decline in Intelligence Quotient (IQ) over time. The findings of the research provide further insight into the harmful neurological and cognitive effects of frequent cannabis use on young people.
Using zirconium as an additive in super-strong composite materials
Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are incredibly strong materials used in jet engines, gas turbines, and cutting tools for nickel superalloys. Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) is hard and chemically inert, and tungsten carbide (WC) is used as a superhard material, but past efforts to create an Al2O3-WC CMC yielded unsatisfactory results. Recently, a study by Japanese scientists shows that adding zirconium atoms results in improved Al2O3-WC CMCs.
Three mental health conditions contribute to violent offenses
Researchers find a disproportionate number of inmates with violent offenses suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder, panic disorder and alcohol use disorder.
Scientists discover a new pathway essential for blood formation
Scientists have discovered how a protein called Tip60 plays a vital role in the renewal of blood cells in the body. Without it, the stem cells that make new blood suffer catastrophic damage. This discovery could lead to better treatments for life-threatening blood-related diseases like leukemia.
How the brain is programmed for computer programming?
Expert computer programmers show higher proficiency in certain behavioral and attention skills than their novice peers. To identify the responsible brain regions, scientists used fMRI to analyze the brain activities of 30 programmers of different skill level, finding that seven regions of the frontal, parietal and temporal cortices in expert programmers' brains are fine-tuned for programming. The findings could provide better methods and tools for everyone to learn programming.
Technology bolsters use of chia seeds to help improve health, slow signs of aging
A team has developed and patented a method to separate mucilage from chia seeds, yielding a protein-rich chia seed flour with improved bioactivity and functionality compared with conventional methods.
Gendered division of labor shaped human spatial behavior
Research based on the daily movements of people living in a contemporary hunter-gatherer society provides new evidence for links between the gendered division of labor in human societies over the past 2.5 million years and differences in the way men and women think about space.
Legal cannabis stores linked to fewer opioid deaths in the United States
Access to legal cannabis stores is associated with a reduction in opioid related deaths in the United States, particularly those linked to synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, finds a new study.
Consuming omega-3 fatty acids could prevent asthma, study suggests
New research suggests that a higher dietary intake of long chain omega-3 fatty acids in childhood may reduce the risk of developing subsequent asthma, but only in children carrying a common gene variant.
Hypnotic suggestions can make a complex task easy by helping vision fill in the blanks
New research demonstrates that hypnosis -- the process of focusing a person's attention on a specific task or sensation -- can turn a normally difficult visual task into a far easier one by helping individuals mentally 'fill in the gaps' of missing visual cues.
Technology could upend DNA sequencing for diagnosing certain DNA mutations
Doctors are increasingly using genetic signatures to diagnose diseases and determine the best course of care, but using DNA sequencing and other techniques to detect genomic rearrangements remains costly or limited in capabilities. However, an innovative breakthrough promises to diagnose DNA rearrangement mutations at a fraction of the cost with improved accuracy.
суббота, 30 января 2021 г.
What Paratransit Operators Need to Know about COVID-19
Provides paratransit operators with information on COVID-19 and how to protect themselves on the job.
What Rideshare, Taxi, Limo, and other Passenger Drivers-for-Hire Need to Know about COVID-19
Learn what rideshare drivers and other passenger drivers-for-hire need to know during COVID-19.
What Bus Transit Operators Need to Know about COVID-19
This factsheet provides information to help bus transit employees prevent exposure to COVID-19 while working.
What Transit Station Workers Need to Know about COVID-19
This factsheet provides information to help transit station workers to prevent exposure to COVID-19 at their workplace.
By changing their shape, some bacteria can grow more resilient to antibiotics
New research demonstrates how certain types of bacteria can adapt to long-term exposure to antibiotics by changing their shape.
Turning on the switch for plasticity in the human brain
Scientists describe how glutamate signals are transmitted across synapses to turn on the switch for synapatic plasticity, the ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken over time in response to increases or decreases in their activity.
Detecting ADHD with near perfect accuracy
A new study has identified how specific communication among different brain regions, known as brain connectivity, can serve as a biomarker for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
What Rail Transit Operators Need to Know about COVID-19
This factsheet provides information to help rail transit operators to prevent exposure to COVID-19 at their workplace.
How to Select, Wear, and Clean Your Mask
COVID-19 spreads mainly from person to person through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people who are nearby or possibly be inhaled into the lungs.
First ever 'pioneer' factor found in plants enables cells to change their fate
To start the process of unpacking tightly bundled genetic material, plants depend on the LEAFY pioneer protein, according biologists.
How breast cancer cells hide from immune attack
Researchers at the Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified how breast cancer cells hide from immune cells to stay alive. The discovery could lead to better immunotherapy treatment for patients.
Pain patients who take opioids can't get in the door at over half of primary care clinics
People who take opioid medications for chronic pain may have a hard time finding a new primary care clinic that will take them as a patient if they need one, according to a new 'secret shopper' study of hundreds of clinics across the country. Stigma against long-term users of prescription opioids, likely related to the prospect of taking on a patient who might have an opioid use disorder or addiction, appears to play a role.
How to Wear Masks
Cloth face coverings are an additional step to help slow the spread of COVID-19 when combined with every day preventive actions and social distancing in public settings.
пятница, 29 января 2021 г.
Protect Yourself When Using Transportation
As schools, businesses, and community organizations begin providing services, consider ways that you can protect yourself and slow the spread of COVID-19 when using transportation.
Travel
This page includes information about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) for travelers and travel-related industries.
Wear Face Masks on Public Transportation Conveyances and at Transportation Hubs
Effective immediately, CDC is strongly recommending that masks are worn by all passengers on and operators of public transportation conveyances to prevent spread of the virus that causes COVID-19.
'Achilles' heel' of cancer cells revealed
A new study shows, for the first time, how an abnormal number of chromosomes (aneuploidy) -- a unique characteristic of cancer cells that researchers have known about for decades -- could become a weak point for these cells. The study could lead to the development of future drugs that will use this vulnerability to eliminate the cancer cells.
How CDC Determines the Level of a Country's COVID-19 Travel Health Notice
CDC notifies travelers and other audiences about health threats in destinations around the world through Travel Health Notices (THN). During the COVID-19 pandemic, CDC has also provided an interactive world map specifically showing COVID-19 travel recommendations by country.
Parkinson's disease risk and severity is tied to a channel in cells' 'recycling centers'
Genetic variations associated with both increases and reductions in risk of the neurodegenerative disease alter the action of ion channels within cellular organelles called lysosomes, a new study finds.
Blood pressure can be controlled without drugs after spinal cord injury
Researchers have created the first platform to understand the mechanisms underlying blood pressure instability after spinal cord injury. The discovery has led to a new cutting-edge solution. Spinal cord stimulators can bridge the body's autonomous regulation system, controlling blood pressure without medication.
Scientists jump-start two people's brains after coma
In 2016, a team reported that a 25-year-old man recovering from a coma had made remarkable progress following a treatment to jump-start his brain using ultrasound. Now, researchers report that two more patients with severe brain injuries have also made impressive progress thanks to the same technique.
Brain activity during speaking varies between simple and complex grammatical forms
Some languages require less neural activity than others. But these are not necessarily the ones we would imagine. Researchers have shown that languages that are often considered 'easy' actually require an enormous amount of work from our brains.
Federal Register Notice: Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions to Prevent the Further Spread of COVID-19
Dr. Robert Redfield signed a declaration determining that the evictions of tenants could be detrimental to public health control measures to slow the spread COVID-19
Controlling pain after surgery doesn't have to mean opioids, study shows
As surgeons balance the need to control their patients' post-surgery pain with the risk that a routine operation could become the gateway to long-term opioid use or addiction, a new study shows the power of an approach that takes a middle way.
Which beverages burst with umami potential?
In a new and first of its kind study, researchers study fermented beverages to find the one with the most umami flavor. Which one wins -- champagne, beer, wine or sake?
Scientists discover a new promising target for diabetes treatment
Researchers have discovered a novel and druggable insulin inhibitory receptor, named inceptor. The blocking of inceptor function leads to an increased sensitisation of the insulin signaling pathway in pancreatic beta cells. This might allow protection and regeneration of beta cells for diabetes remission.
Genetic changes in tumors could help predict if patients will respond to immunotherapy
Researchers have identified genetic changes in tumors which could be used to predict if immunotherapy drugs would be effective in individual patients.
четверг, 28 января 2021 г.
New Variant of Virus that Causes COVID-19 Detected
Since November 2020, the United Kingdom (UK) has reported a rapid increase in COVID-19 cases in London and southeast England. This rapid increase in cases has been linked to a different version-or variant-of the virus that causes COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2).
Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants
Multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants are circulating globally, and several new variants emerged in the fall of 2020. Scientists are working to learn more about these variants to better understand how easily they might be transmitted and whether currently authorized vaccines will protect people against them. Currently, there is no evidence that these variants cause more severe illness or increased risk of death.
New catalyst moves seawater desalination, hydrogen production closer to commercialization
Seawater is abundant and cheap, making it a tempting resource to meet the world's growing need for clean drinking water and carbon-free energy. Now researchers have reported a new catalyst that can be made quickly and inexpensively, bringing the technology closer to commercial reality.
Guidance for SARS-CoV-2 Point-of-Care Testing
This CDC webpage provides guidance on the regulatory requirements for SARS-CoV-2 POC testing, using POC tests safely, and information on reporting POC test results.
Putting bugs on the menu, safely
The thought of eating insects is stomach turning for many, but new research is shedding light on allergy causing proteins which could pose serious health risks for those suffering from shellfish allergy. The research identified 20 proteins found in cricket food products which could cause serious allergic reactions.
Non-Hospital Settings and COVID-19
Find guidance to help prevent and control COVID-19 infections in various healthcare settings.
Information for Healthcare Professionals about Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Resources for Healthcare Professionals Caring for COVID-19 Patients
Unlocking PTSD: New study reveals why trauma-focused psychotherapy treatment works
Trauma-focused psychotherapy is the best-known treatment for PTSD. But how does it work? A researcher may have found the answer by exploring how different parts of the brain talk to one another.
Healthy lifespan analysis using nematodes
Researchers have developed an automated measurement system to assess healthy lifespan using nematodes. This system performs a mini-population analysis to classify specific populations of nematodes based on qualitative differences in lifespan. Since there are many similarities between the mechanisms that determine the lifespan of nematodes and humans, this system could make it easier to develop drugs and find foods that extend the healthy lifespan of humans.
Wastewater Surveillance Data Reporting & Analytics
Wastewater Surveillance Data Reporting & Analytics
Frequently Asked Questions about v-safe
Get help using v-safe, the health checker for COVID-19 vaccinations.
Detecting trace amounts of multiple classes of antibiotics in foods
Widespread use of antibiotics in human healthcare and livestock husbandry has led to trace amounts of the drugs ending up in food products. Long-term consumption could cause health problems, but it's been difficult to analyze more than a few antibiotics at a time because they have different chemical properties. Now, researchers have developed a method to simultaneously measure 77 antibiotics in a variety of foods.
Making wheat and peanuts less allergenic
Researchers are using plant breeding and biotechnology to remove proteins associated with food allergies.
Toolkit for Pregnant People and New Parents
Resources and tools to help pregnant people, breastfeeding women and new parents caring for infants to protect their health and help people who serve these communities communicate with them.
Researchers develop technique to replicate bone-remodeling processes
A multidisciplinary research team has developed a technique to replicate bone tissue complexity and bone-remodeling processes. This breakthrough could help researchers further their study of bone biology and assist in improving development of drugs for osteoporosis.
Two anti-viral enzymes transform pre-leukemia stem cells into leukemia
Viral infections and space travel similarly trigger inflammation and the enzymes APOBEC3C and ADAR1; researchers are developing ways to inhibit them as a means to potentially lower cancer risk for both astronauts and people on Earth.
Hypertension symptoms in women often mistaken for menopause
Pregnancy complications and early menopause increase women's future risk of heart disease. Cardiologists, gynaecologists and endocrinologists recommend how to help middle-aged women prevent later heart problems.
среда, 27 января 2021 г.
Study reveals precarious employment on the rise long before COVID-19
Researchers have used a new approach to measure precarious, or low-quality, employment in the United States. And, according to those findings, precarious employment has increased 9 percent between 1988 and 2016.
T cells can mount attacks against many SARS-CoV-2 targets -- even on new virus variant
A new study suggests that T cells try to fight SARS-CoV-2 by targeting a broad range of sites on the virus -- beyond the key sites on the virus's spike protein. By attacking the virus from many angles, the body has the tools to potentially recognize different SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Novel compound may help develop diabetes drugs
A study has identified a new compound that might serve as a basis for developing a new class of drugs for diabetes.
AI used to predict early symptoms of schizophrenia in relatives of patients
Researchers have taken a step forward in developing an artificial intelligence tool to predict schizophrenia by analyzing brain scans. The tool was used to analyze functional magnetic resonance images of 57 healthy first-degree relatives (siblings or children) of schizophrenia patients. It accurately identified the 14 individuals who scored highest on a self-reported schizotypal personality trait scale.
Melatonin is effective against polycystic kidney disease
Melatonin, a hormone commonly associated with sleep-wake regulation, has been found to reduce cysts in fruit flies, according to researchers. It's a finding that may affect the way we treat some kidney diseases and reduce the need for kidney transplants.
Researchers simplify the study of gene-environment interactions
Researchers have developed a new computational method for studying genetic and environmental interactions and how they influence disease risk.
The dangers of drugged driving are outpacing drunk driving
A recent study of drugged driving shows that a sizable percentage of individuals reported the use of marijuana and other illicit drugs while operating behind the wheel.
Hospital worker flu shots could mean fewer early deaths
Research shows that state laws promoting flu vaccinations for hospital workers can substantially reduce the number of influenza-related deaths.
Malaria tricks the brain's defense system
Malaria is one of the most common causes of death in children in Africa. When the parasite builds up in the blood vessels of the brain, it develops into one of the most dangerous forms of the disease, cerebral malaria. Though it wasn't certain if the parasite was able to penetrate the brain tissue, now researchers have found parasites can do that and have mapped the mechanism they utilize.
Can large fluid-filled spaces in the brain help identify those at risk of dementia?
People with enlarged fluid-filled spaces in the brain around small blood vessels may be more likely to develop cognitive problems and dementia over time than people without these enlarged spaces, according to a new study.
Ancient proteins help track early milk drinking in Africa
Got milk? The 1990s ad campaign highlighted the importance of milk for health and wellbeing, but when did we start drinking the milk of other animals? And how did the practice spread? A new study led by scientists from Germany and Kenya highlights the critical role of Africa in the story of dairying, showing that communities there were drinking milk by at least 6,000 years ago.
Anonymous cell phone data can quantify behavioral changes for flu-like illnesses
New method could potentially provide a useful tool to help monitor and control infectious diseases outbreaks, without comprising privacy.
Cannabis use both helps and hurts entrepreneurial creativity
When entrepreneurs dream up ideas for new businesses, cannabis use might help, and hinder, their creativity, according to a new study.
To combat false news, correct after reading
A new study co-authored by MIT scholars finds that fact-checking labels, when attached to online news headlines, actually work better after people read false headlines, not when the labels precede the headline or accompany it.
A compound that slows bone loss, and a resource for developing treatments to slow aging
A compound that extends lifespan in a tiny nematode worm slows bone loss in aging mice. That surprising result comes from a longitudinal and functional study of 700 aging mice, a project that provides a treasure trove of data for researchers aiming to develop therapeutics to slow aging and age-related diseases.
Highly specific synaptic plasticity in addiction
Addiction, or substance use disorder (SUD), is a complex neurological condition that includes drug-seeking behavior among other cognitive, emotional and behavioral features. Synaptic plasticity, or changes in the way neurons communicate with one another, drives these addictive behaviors. A new study now shows that players in the extracellular environment - not just at neuronal interfaces - contribute to addiction plasticity.
When -- not what -- obese mice ate reduced breast cancer risk
Researchers report that intermittent fasting reduced breast cancer risk in obese mice.
Donate Blood Plasma and Help Save Lives
People who have recovered from COVID-19 have antibodies in their blood that may help treat people who have recently contracted the virus. But this treatment needs eligible Americans to help by donating their plasma.
Household Checklist
You can plan and make decisions now that will protect you and your family during a COVID-19 outbreak. Learn what you can do to prepare your home and family.
How to Protect Yourself & Others
The best way to prevent COVID-19 infection is to avoid exposure to this virus and follow these everyday preventative actions.
Genome-editing tool TALEN outperforms CRISPR-Cas9 in tightly packed DNA
Researchers used single-molecule imaging to compare the genome-editing tools CRISPR-Cas9 and TALEN. Their experiments revealed that TALEN is up to five times more efficient than CRISPR-Cas9 in parts of the genome, called heterochromatin, that are densely packed. Fragile X syndrome, sickle cell anemia, beta-thalassemia and other diseases are the result of genetic defects in the heterochromatin.
Pace of prehistoric human innovation could be revealed by 'linguistic thermometer'
A physics professor has joined forces with language experts to build a 'linguistic thermometer' that can record the temperature of 'hot' or 'cold' (ie fast or slow) developments in modern linguistic features to create a computer-based model that can provide a better understanding of the development in human language and innovation stretching back to pre-history.
вторник, 26 января 2021 г.
Vaccine shows potential against deadly leptospirosis bacteria
Scientists have designed a single-dose universal vaccine that could protect against the many forms of leptospirosis bacteria, according to a new study.
New control mechanism in innate immune system
Although the protein ITIH4 is found in large amounts in the blood, its function has so far been unknown. By combining many different techniques, researchers have discovered that ITIH4 inhibits proteases in the innate immune system via an unknown mechanism.
A benchmark for single-electron circuits
Manipulating individual electrons with the goal of employing quantum effects offers new possibilities in electronics. In order to gain new insights into the physical origin and into metrological aspects of the small, but inevitable fundamental uncertainties governed by the rules of quantum mechanics, scientists have collaborated to develop a statistical testing methodology.
Drink and drug risk is lower among optimistic pupils with 'happy' memories
Teenagers with happy childhood memories are likely to drink less, take fewer drugs and enjoy learning, according to new research.
Biologists unravel full sequence of DNA repair mechanism
Researchers have observed the entire sequence in break-induced replication, a method by which organisms from viruses to humans repair breaks in DNA that cannot be fixed otherwise but can introduce or cause genomic rearrangements and mutations contributing to cancer development.
A microscopic look at aneurysm repair
New research shows that there are two phases of wall restructuring after an aneurysm forms, the first beginning right away to reinforce the weakened points.
Borderline personality disorder: Don't ignore it
Borderline Personality Disorder is treatable. New research is the first to show that adolescent borderline pathology follows a similar downward course after discharge from inpatient treatment previously demonstrated for adults.
Dietary adherence and the fight against obesity
While eating less and moving more are the basics of weight control and obesity treatment, finding ways to help people adhere to a weight-loss regimen is more complicated. Understanding what features make a diet easier or more challenging to follow can help optimize and tailor dietary approaches for obesity treatment.
3-D printed Biomesh minimizes hernia repair complications
A newly-designed 3D-printed Biomesh effectively minimized postsurgical complications of hernia repair in an animal model.
Protein anchors as a newly discovered key molecule in cancer spread and epilepsy
Certain anchor proteins inhibit a key metabolic driver that plays an important role in cancer and developmental brain disorders. Scientists discovered this molecular mechanism, which could open up new opportunities for personalized therapies for cancer and neuronal diseases.
Publications about COVID-19 for Laboratories
Publications from CDC lab professionals during the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak.
Toddlers who use touchscreens may be more distractible
New research highlights some of the effects regular use of touchscreens might have on toddlers.
Inequality in medieval Cambridge was 'recorded on the bones' of its residents
Evidence of 'skeletal trauma' among over 300 individuals from three very different cemeteries reveals varying levels of physical hardship across the social spectrum of Cambridge, UK, between the 10th and 14th century.
What Construction Workers Need to Know about COVID-19
Learn what construction workers need to know during COVID-19.
Construction COVID-19 Checklists for Employers and Employees
CDC offers the following checklist to share ways construction employers and workers can protect themselves, staff, and communities, and slow the spread of COVID-19.
Training Case Investigators and Contact Tracers
This section describes the necessary skills and training for the workforce needed to quickly scale up COVID-19 case investigation and contact tracing activities.
No overall difference in concussion recovery time for male and female college athletes
Researchers found female and male collegiate athletes take approximately the same amount of time to recover from a concussion, with subtle differences in recovery time depending on the type of sports being played and the division level of the sport. The findings suggest that equity in access to sports medical care among college athletes may be contributing to these similar outcomes.
Breakthrough design vastly improves mechanical heart valve
New research may take the current 'gold standard' for heart valves to a new level of reliability. A team of researchers has developed a way to improve overall blood flow through the valves, so the design of mechanical heart valves will more closely match the real thing.
Afternoon napping linked to better mental agility
Taking a regular afternoon nap may be linked to better mental agility, suggests new research.
Air pollution linked to higher risk of sight loss from AMD
Air pollution is linked to a heightened risk of progressive and irreversible sight loss, known as age related macular degeneration (AMD), reveals a large long term study.
Frequently Asked Questions about Coronavirus (COVID-19) for Laboratories
Answers to frequently asked questions regarding laboratory testing, biosafety and COVID-19.
Rich European countries have higher atrial fibrillation death rates than least wealthy
The wealthiest countries in Europe have higher death rates from atrial fibrillation than the least wealthy and these death rates are increasing more rapidly than incidence rates, according to the first analysis of its kind. The study also found that women who developed the condition were more likely than men to die from it in all 20 European countries studied.
Most patients find tele-dermatology appointments suitable alternative to office visits
Researchers surveyed dermatology patients to evaluate patient satisfaction with tele-dermatology appointments. The team found the majority of patients found the experience a suitable alternative to in-person office visits.
Sport may fast-track numeracy skills for Indigenous children
Greater sports participation among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children is linked with better academic performance, according to new research from the University of South Australia.
Fine tuning first-responder immune cells may reduce TBI damage
Immediately after a traumatic brain injury and as long as one year later, there are increased levels of immune cells called ILCs in the brain promoting inflammation, which can worsen brain damage, scientists report. They also report for the first time that the cell energy sensor AMPK is a brake that can stop what becomes a chronic state of destructive inflammation driven by these ILCs, or innate lymphoid cells.
понедельник, 25 января 2021 г.
Domino effects and synchrony in seizure initiation
In a brain with a neurological disorder like epilepsy, synchronization between groups of neurons can grow to a dangerous extent when a collection of brain cells begins to emit excess electricity. Researchers used a mathematical model to explore the interplay between neurons that leads to these transitions in synchronization during the onset of seizures.
Newly discovered subset of brain cells fight inflammation with instructions from the gut
Astrocytes are the most abundant type of cells within the central nervous system (CNS), but they remain poorly characterized. Researchers have long assumed that astrocytes' primary function is to provide nutrients and support for the brain's more closely scrutinized nerve cells; over the years, however, increasing evidence has shown that astrocytes can also actively promote neurodegeneration, inflammation, and neurological diseases.
Promising way to find new cancer drugs
The enzymes in human cells known as histone deacetylases, or HDACs, are targets for a handful of anticancer drugs because of their ability to affect gene expression. Now, researchers have developed a new method to investigate how these enzymes work on a molecular level. This new method can also help identify more precise possible anti-cancer drug candidates at a very high pace.
Immune cells found in the brain are behind the depression experienced in inflammation
Special immune cells found in the brain, microglia, play a key role in the processes that make you feel uneasy and depressed in correlation with inflammation. This is the conclusion of a study using mice. The results suggest that microglial cells contribute to the negative mood experienced during several neurological diseases, and maybe also depression.
Watching decision making in the brain
Neuroscientists and engineers have developed a system that can show the neural process of decision making in real time, including the mental process of flipping between options before expressing a final choice.
First observation of the early link between proteins linked to Alzheimer's disease
Researchers demonstrate, for the first time in humans, how the first deposits of tau proteins in the brainstem are associated with neurophysiological processes specific to the early stages of Alzheimer's disease development.
Global demand for cancer surgery set to surge
A new modelling study predicts demand for cancer surgery will rise by 52 per cent within two decades, with low-income countries bearing the greatest burden.
Stimulating brain pathways shows origins of human language and memory
Scientists have identified that the evolutionary development of human and primate brains may have been similar for communication and memory.
Training for Healthcare Professionals
Healthcare professionals, find trainings on PPE use, nonpharmaceutical interventions, emergency preparedness and response, and more.
Information about the Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine
Information about the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine including name, manufacturer, type of vaccine, number of shots, how it is given and links to ingredient information.
K-12 Schools and Childcare Programs
Answers to frequently asked questions concerning how administrators, teachers, and parents should respond to COVID-19.
Recommendations for Quarantine Duration in Correctional and Detention Facilities
Quarantine recommendations specific for correctional facilities and detention centers during the outbreak of COVID-19
Information about the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine
Name: BNT162b2Manufacturer: Pfizer, Inc., and BioNTechType of vaccine: mRNANumber of shots: 2 shots, 21 days apartHow given: Shot in the muscle of the upper arm
Nanomedicine's 'crown' is ready for its close up
An international team of researchers has developed a new method to better understand how nanomedicines -- emerging diagnostics and therapies that are very small yet very intricate -- interact with patients' biomolecules.
Continuous monitoring of proteins a game-changer for patients with deteriorating health
A world-first discovery could become a game-changer for patients at risk of rapid health deterioration, such as heart complications, stroke, sepsis and cancer. Researchers developed an antibody as a biosensor, to continuously monitor rapid changes in the concentration of EGFR, a protein present on cancer cells and in body fluids.
Women influenced coevolution of dogs and humans
A cross-cultural analysis found several factors may have played a role in building the relationship between humans and dogs, including temperature, hunting and surprisingly - gender. The analysis used ethnographic information from 144 traditional, subsistence-level societies from all over the globe. People were more likely to regard dogs as a type of person if the dogs had a special relationship with women -- such as having names and being treated as family.
Frequently Asked Questions about COVID-19 Vaccination
Answers to commonly asked questions about COVID-19 vaccines, including vaccine cost, availability, and types.
COVID-19 Vaccines and Severe Allergic Reactions
CDC has learned of reports that some people have experienced severe allergic reactions-also known as anaphylaxis-after getting a COVID-19 vaccine. As an example, an allergic reaction is considered severe when a person needs to be treated with epinephrine or EpiPen© or if they must go to the hospital. If you get a COVID-19 vaccine and you think you might be having a severe allergic reaction after leaving the vaccination site, seek immediate medical care by calling 911.
At-Home Testing
Learn more about how at-home testing and collection allow you to collect a specimen at home and either send it to a testing facility or perform the test at home.
воскресенье, 24 января 2021 г.
No more needles for diagnostic tests?
Medical researchers have developed a biosensing microneedle patch that can be applied to the skin, capture a biomarker of interest and, thanks to its unprecedented sensitivity, allow clinicians to detect its presence.
Regulating the ribosomal RNA production line
The enzyme that makes RNA from a DNA template is altered to slow the production of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), the most abundant type of RNA within cells, when resources are scarce and the bacteria Escherichia coli needs to slow its growth.
Possible new combo therapy for head and neck cancer
Researchers have tested a new combination therapy in animal models to see if they could find a way to make an already effective treatment even better. Since they're using a Food and Drug Administration-approved drug to do it, this could help people sooner than later.
Exercising muscle combats chronic inflammation on its own
Biomedical engineers have demonstrated that human muscle has an innate ability to ward off damaging effects of chronic inflammation when exercised. The discovery was made possible through the use of lab-grown, engineered human muscle, demonstrating the potential power of the first-of-its-kind platform in such research endeavors.
Geographic factors that affect HPV vaccination rates
A team of researchers have conducted the first-ever systematic review of area-level data reported in the United States between 2006 and 2020 to determine how geography, neighborhoods and sociodemographic factors impact HPV vaccination rates among adolescents and young adults.
New maintenance treatment for acute myeloid leukemia prolongs the lives of patients
Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the most common form of acute leukemia in adults, that has gone into remission following initial chemotherapy remain in remission longer and have improved overall survival when they are given a pill form of the cancer drug azacitidine as a maintenance treatment, according to a randomized, international phase 3 clinical trial.
Student uses zebrafish to study spinal deformities
Molecular developmental biologists used zebrafish embryos to study a gene mutation that causes scoliosis, a sideways curvature of the spine that typically occurs in humans just before puberty.
Lack of sleep, stress can lead to symptoms resembling concussion
A new study suggests that a lot of people might be going through life with symptoms that resemble concussion - a finding supporting researchers' argument that athletes recovering from a brain injury should be assessed and treated on a highly individualized basis.
Depression in new fathers connected to relationship insecurities
Becoming a parent often brings great joy, but not always. Parenthood also entails challenges, stress and, for some people, it can trigger depression. A new study shows that male postnatal depression is more common in men who are insecure in their relationship with their partner.
Travel
This page includes information about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) for travelers and travel-related industries.
Do promotions make consumers more generous?
Price promotions can have a positive effect on consumers' donation behavior because the monetary savings from price promotions increase consumers' perceived resources.
MRI helps unravel the mysteries of sleep
Scientists are investigating brain activity during sleep with the help of MRI scans. It turns out our brains are much more active than we thought.
суббота, 23 января 2021 г.
Gastrointestinal surgery can be a 'cure' for type 2 diabetes finds new long-term study
The results of a randomized clinical trial with the longest follow up to date show that metabolic surgery is more effective than medications and lifestyle interventions in the long-term control of severe type 2 diabetes.
Better post-surgery care would dramatically improve cancer survival
Patients' chances of survival after cancer surgery is strongly linked with the standard of post-operation hospital care, a major international study suggests.
Friends are most valued in cultures where they may be needed most
Researchers reveal cultural and health benefits of close human relationships in a new study.
Scientists solve a 100-year-old mystery about cancer
A long-standing mystery is why fast-growing cells, like cancer cells and immune cells, rely on a seemingly inefficient form of metabolizing glucose to power their activities. In a new study, scientists now offer a compelling solution.
Developmental origins of eczema and psoriasis discovered
Scientists have created a highly detailed map of skin, which reveals that cellular processes from development are re-activated in cells from patients with eczema and psoriasis inflammatory skin diseases. The study offers potential new drug targets for treating these painful skin diseases and provides a new understanding of inflammatory disease. The research could also provide a template for regenerating healthy skin in the laboratory.
Creating a safe CAR T-Cell therapy to fight solid tumors in children
Scientists modify CAR T-Cell therapy, making it more effective and less toxic, for possible use in solid tumors such as neuroblastoma.
Combining best of both worlds for cancer modeling
Treatment options for many types of cancers remain limited, due partly to the in vitro tools used to model cancers and that results from animal studies do not always translate well to human disease. These shortcomings point to a clear need for a better, patient-specific model. Researchers suggest bioengineered microscale organotypic models can address this need.
Smart vaccine scheme quick to curb rabies threat in African cities
More people could be protected from life-threatening rabies thanks to an agile approach to dog vaccination using smart phone technology to spot areas of low vaccination coverage in real time. The work could help save the lives of children worldwide.
Scientists discover link between nicotine and breast cancer metastasis
Scientists have found that nicotine promotes the spread of breast cancer cells into the lungs.
On the trail of active ingredients from marine yeasts
Numerous natural products are awaiting discovery in all kinds of natural habitats. Especially microorganisms such as bacteria or fungi are able to produce diverse natural products with high biomedical application potential in particular as antibiotics and anticancer agents. Researchers have isolated red yeast of the species Rhodotorula mucilaginosa from a deep-sea sediment sample and analyzed for its genome and chemical constituents. The scientists succeeded in demonstrating its anticancer and antibacterial effects.
пятница, 22 января 2021 г.
Healthcare Facilities That Have Implemented COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting
Healthcare Facilities That Have Implemented COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting
Global Healthcare Workers
Find resources, guidance, and information for treating and preventing COVID-19 in non-U.S. healthcare settings.
Treating moms with postpartum depression helps their babies' brains
For the study 40 infants of women diagnosed with postpartum depression were matched with 40 infants of non-depressed mothers on infant age, gender and socioeconomic status. The mothers with postpartum depression received nine weeks of group CBT. The infants were all tested before the treatment and nine weeks later, including a questionnaire on the infant behaviour completed by the mother and her partner.
Mitochondrial mutation increases the risk of diabetes in Japanese men
A new study of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Japanese populations has uncovered a previously uncharacterized genetic variant that puts male carriers at greater risk for the disease, as well as the mechanism by which it does so. The impact of the variant was most pronounced in sedentary men; those with the variant had a 65% greater rate of T2D than sedentary men without it.
Test for Current Infection
Provides information on testing for coronavirus infection, including how to decide about testing, how to get a test, and what to do after a viral test.
четверг, 21 января 2021 г.
Abnormal hyperactivation in the brain may be an early sign of Alzheimer's
A psychology and neuroscience professor has just targeted an early biomarker of the disease.
When a story is breaking, AI can help consumers identify fake news
Warnings about misinformation are now regularly posted on Twitter, Facebook, and other social media platforms, but not all of these cautions are created equal. New research from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute shows that artificial intelligence can help form accurate news assessments -- but only when a news story is first emerging.
'Aging well' greatly affected by hopes and fears for later life
If you believe you are capable of becoming the healthy, engaged person you want to be in old age, you are much more likely to experience that outcome, a recent study shows.
Vegan diet significantly remodels metabolism in young children
Researchers report a comprehensive pilot study on the metabolic effects of full vegan diet on young children. The study found vegan children to have remarkably altered metabolism and lower vitamin A and D status compared to children with no special diet.
Detailed tumour profiling
As part of a clinical study, researchers are conducting a thorough and highly precise investigation into the molecular and functional properties of tumors. Their goal is to help physicians to better determine which treatment will best match every patient's cancer and thus be most effective.
New, simplified genetic test effectively screens for hereditary cancers
Researchers have developed a new integrated genetic/epigenetic DNA-sequencing protocol known as MultiMMR that can identify the presence and cause of mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency in a single test from a small sample of DNA in colon, endometrial, and other cancers. This alternative to complex, multi-step testing workflows can also determine causes of MMR deficiency often missed by current clinical tests.
Study defines small-cell lung cancer subtypes and distinct therapeutic vulnerabilities for each type
Researchers have developed the first comprehensive framework to classify small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) into four unique subtypes, based on gene expression, and have identified potential therapeutic targets for each type in a study.
Scientists make pivotal discovery on mechanism of Epstein-Barr virus latent infection
Researchers have discovered a new enzymatic function of the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) protein EBNA1, a critical factor in EBV's ability to transform human cells and cause cancer. Study provides new indications for inhibiting EBNA1 function, opening up fresh avenues for development of therapies to treat EBV-associated cancers.
Cartilage matrix as natural biomaterial for cartilage regeneration
A working group develops strategies for regeneration of articular cartilage and has found that natural cartilage matrix is suitable as a biomaterial for improved cartilage regeneration.
Balancing brain cell activity
Electrical trigger sites in neurons surprisingly change with experience; they are either becoming smaller with increasing number of experiences and, vice versa, they grow larger when less input arrives in the brain.
What happens to your body during tailgating
Researchers simulated a tailgating situation with a small group of overweight but healthy men and examined the impact of the eating and drinking on their livers using blood tests and a liver scan.
New insights into the link between sunlight exposure and kidney damage
A new collaborative study reveals unexpected insights into how skin exposure to ultraviolet light can worsen clinical symptoms in autoimmune diseases such as lupus.
See how they run: 'Exercise protein' doubles running capacity, restores function and extends healthy lifespans in older mice
A new study shows that humans express a powerful hormone during exercise and that treating mice with the hormone improves physical performance, capacity and fitness. Researchers say the findings present new possibilities for addressing age-related physical decline.
Tiny high-tech probes reveal how information flows across the brain
A new study collected and analyzed the largest single dataset of neurons' electrical activity to glean principles of how we perceive the visual world around us. The study captures the hundreds of split-second electrical signals that fire when an animal is interpreting what it sees.
The physics behind tumor growth
Researchers have developed a predictive theory for tumor growth that approaches the subject from a new point of view. Rather than focusing on the biological mechanisms of cellular growth, the researchers instead use thermodynamics and the physical space the tumor is expanding into to predict its evolution from a single cell to a complex cancerous mass.
CRISPR technology to cure sickle cell disease
A new article reports two patients appear to have been cured of beta thalassemia and sickle cell disease after their own genes were edited with CRISPR-Cas9 technology. The two researchers who invented this technology received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2020.
Message in a bottle: Info-rich bubbles respond to antibiotics
Researchers describe the effects of antibiotics on membrane vesicles, demonstrating that such drugs actively modify the properties of vesicle transport. Under the influence of antibiotics, MVs were produced and released by bacteria in greater abundance and traveled faster and further from their origin. The work sheds new light on these important information-carrying entities, implicated in many cellular communication processes, including antibiotic resistance.
Estrogen receptors in mom's placenta critical during viral infection
A team of researchers has found a mechanism that protects a fetus from harm when the mother's innate immune system responds to a viral infection. Inflammation that would harm the fetus is dampened by a cell-surface estrogen receptor called GPER1 that is especially abundant in the placenta and fetal tissues.
New trial finds arthritis drug no better than standard care for severe COVID-19
Adding the arthritis drug tocilizumab to standard care for patients in hospital with severe or critical covid-19 is no better than standard care alone in improving clinical outcomes at 15 days, according to results of a new trial.
Why older adults must go to the front of the vaccine line
A new global, mathematical modeling study shows that in most cases prioritizing older adults for COVID-19 vaccines saves the most lives. It also found that, in some cases, more lives could be saved and infections prevented if those who've already tested positive step to the back of the line.
COVID-19 infection in immunodeficient patient cured by infusing convalescent plasma, doctors report
Under FDA emergency-use authorization, doctors successfully resolved COVID-19 in a seriously ill, immunodeficient woman using a very high-neutralizing antibody-titer convalescent plasma from a recovered COVID-19 patient. However, further study suggested that use of convalescent plasma may not be warranted in many cases, for two reasons: 1) titer levels are too low in many convalescent plasmas, and 2) there are high endogenous neutralizing antibody titers already present in COVID-19 patients prior to infusion.
Survey: Frequent reports of missed medical care in US adults during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic
Two out of five individuals delayed or missed medical care in the early phase of the pandemic -- from March through mid-July 2020.
Randomized trials could help to return children safely to schools, study finds
Schools are closing again in response to surging levels of COVID-19 infection, but staging randomized trials when students eventually return could help to clarify uncertainties around when we should send children back to the classroom, according to a new study.
Hope for a vaccination against Staphylococcus areus infections?
With an epitope-based immunization, scientists have described a new vaccination strategy against Staphylococcus aureus.
Gold nanoparticles more stable by putting rings on them
Scientists have found a way to prevent gold nanoparticles from clumping, which could help towards their use as an anti-cancer therapy.
Antidepressants largely ineffective for back pain and osteoarthritis
Antidepressant drugs are largely ineffective for back and osteoarthritis pain, despite being widely used for these conditions, suggests a review of the evidence.
Using VR training to boost our sense of agency and improve motor control
Patients with motor dysfunctions are on the rise across Japan as its population continues to age. A researcher has developed a new method of rehabilitation using virtual reality to increase the sense of agency over our body and aid motor skills.
Deep sleep takes out the trash
By examining fruit flies' brain activity and behavior, the researchers found that deep sleep has an ancient, restorative power to clear waste from the brain. This waste potentially includes toxic proteins that may lead to neurodegenerative disease.
New genetic disorder affects brain, craniofacial skeleton
Researchers have discovered a new genetic disorder characterized by developmental delays and malformations of the brain, heart, and facial features.
V-safe Print Resources
The following print-only materials have been developed to support v-safe and vaccine safety.
'Smiling eyes' may not signify true happiness after all
A smile that lifts the cheeks and crinkles the eyes is thought by many to be truly genuine. But new research casts doubt on whether this joyful facial expression necessarily tells others how a person really feels inside.
Contact Tracing Steps - Infographic
This webpage shares the steps taken by health departments to conduct contact tracing for both individuals who have been diagnosed with and exposed to COVID-19.
CDC Strategy for Global Response to COVID-19 (2020-2023)
Strategy defines CDC program priorities & guides development of criteria for monitoring & evaluating impact for CDC's global response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Workplace SARS-CoV-2 Testing: Consent Elements and Disclosures
Workplace SARS-CoV-2 Testing: Consent Elements and Disclosures highlights elements of employee consent for workplace COVID-19 testing and recommended disclosures to assist employers and healthcare providers in supporting employee decision-making about workplace testing.
Responder Stories
Learn about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), including symptoms, complications, transmission, prevention, treatment, and summary updates of the outbreak.
Requirement for Proof of Negative COVID-19 Test or Recovery from COVID-19 for All Air Passengers Arriving in the United States
Information and frequently asked questions about requirement for proof of negative COVID-19 test or recovery from COVID-19 for all air passengers arriving in the United States
COVID-19 Rapid Assessment of Point of Entry Capacity (RAPC)
CDC's rapid risk assessment protocol for point of entry capacity provides a qualitative assessment tool for determining public health needs and capabilities at a point of entry (POE) to address Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) preparedness and response. This qualitative assessment tool is meant to complement other more quantitative tools for POE assessment.
Immune driver of brain aging identified
Stanford scientists have identified a key factor in mental aging and shown that it might be prevented or reversed by fixing a glitch in the immune system's frontline soldiers.
среда, 20 января 2021 г.
COVID-19 Forecasts: Hospitalizations
Learn about COVID-19 forecasts and modeling for new hospitalizations.
Previous COVID-19 Forecasts: Hospitalizations
Learn about COVID-19 forecasts and modeling for new hospitalizations.
Brain cell network supplies neurons with energy
Until recently, oligodendrocytes were primarily thought to be a kind of cellular insulating tape that accelerates the transmission of electrical signals in the brain. A study now shows that they are also important for the energy supply of neurons in some brain regions.
Global Clinical Mitigation
Strategies to ensure adequate provision of care for mildly to moderately ill COVID-19 patients, and delivery of other non-COVID-19 essential health services during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Global Community Mitigation
Suggestions for individuals, partners, and ministries of health to mitigate COVID-19 transmission in low-resource environments and considerations associated with each measure.
Donate Blood Plasma and Help Save Lives
People who have recovered from COVID-19 have antibodies in their blood that may help treat people who have recently contracted the virus. But this treatment needs eligible Americans to help by donating their plasma.
Designer DNA therapeutic wipes out cancer stem cells, treats multiple myeloma in mice
A new study supports launch of Phase I clinical trial to test a designer DNA agent -- an antisense oligonucleotide that targets a gene called IRF4 -- in patients with multiple myeloma.
Methamphetamine overdose deaths rise sharply nationwide
Methamphetamine overdose deaths surged in an eight-year period in the United States, according to a new study. The analysis revealed rapid rises across all racial and ethnic groups, but American Indians and Alaska Natives had the highest death rates overall.
Age influences sex-related outcomes after heart attack
Approximately 1.5 million heart attacks and strokes occur every year in men and women in the US. Sex and age play a large part in who experiences a heart attack, the methods used to treat these heart attacks, and the eventual post hospital outcomes of the people who experience heart attacks.
Global Communication Resources
Find COVID-19 resources for non U.S.-setting healthcare personnel, public health professionals, and communities.
Global Surveillance
Find resources for global COVID-19 surveillance, contract tracing, and investigations.
Breakthrough in understanding 'tummy bug' bacteria
Scientists have discovered how bacteria commonly responsible for seafood-related stomach upsets can go dormant and then 'wake up'.
Communication Resources for Travelers
Communication Resources for Travelers regarding travel health alerts and COVID-19.
вторник, 19 января 2021 г.
Unlocking 'the shape of water' in mechanisms of antibiotic resistance
Researchers captured and comparted hi-res images of ribosome structures from sensitive and resistant bacteria and report that a water molecule needed for antibiotic binding was not present in the ribosomes from the drug-resistant bugs.
Potential COVID-19 drug is successful in lab study
A new therapy is showing success as a way to prevent COVID-19 symptoms in mice.
ALS study reveals a unique population
The secrets long hidden in the DNA of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) living in Malta have been unlocked, according to a new study.
Research identifies genetic risk factor for stroke
A team of researchers has identified a common genetic variant as a risk factor for stroke, especially in patients older than 65.
Alcohol consumption linked to portion of cancer incidence and mortality, report shows
A new study finds that alcohol consumption accounts for a considerable portion of cancer incidence and mortality in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.
Appearance, social norms keep students off Zoom cameras
Researchers surveyed 312 students found that while some students had concerns about the lack of privacy or their home environment, 41% of the 276 respondents cited their appearance, as their reason not to switch on their cameras on zoom.
Alcohol and Substance Use
Increased stress can lead to increases in alcohol and substance use. If you or someone you care about is starting to use alcohol or other substances, or is increasing their use during the COVID-19 pandemic, there are resources that may help.
Study identifies a nonhuman primate model that mimics severe COVID-19 similar to humans
New research suggests that aged African green monkeys may be suitable models for the study of severe forms of COVID-19.
Study finds COVID-19 attack on brain, not lungs, triggers severe disease in mice
Researchers have found that infecting the nasal passages of mice with the virus that causes COVID-19 led to a rapid, escalating attack on the brain that triggered severe illness, even after the lungs were successfully clearing themselves of the virus.
New method heals skeletal injuries with synthetic bone
Researchers have developed a way of combining a bone substitute and drugs to regenerate bone and heal severe fractures in the thigh or shin bone. The study was conducted on rats, but the researchers think that the method in various combinations will soon be commonplace in clinical settings.
Research establishes antibiotic potential for cannabis molecule
The main nonpsychoactive component of cannabis has been shown to kill the bacteria responsible for gonorrhoea, meningitis and legionnaires disease, which could lead to the first new class of antibiotics for resistant bacteria in 60 years.
Eye tests predict Parkinson's-linked cognitive decline 18 months ahead
Simple vision tests can predict which people with Parkinson's disease will develop cognitive impairment and possible dementia 18 months later, according to a new study. In a related study, the researchers also found that structural and functional connections of brain regions become decoupled throughout the entire brain in people with Parkinson's disease, particularly among people with vision problems.
Clumsy kids can be fit too
Clumsy kids can be as aerobically fit as their peers with better motor skills, a new study shows.
COVID-19 virus triggers antibodies from previous coronavirus infections, study finds
Results from a new study suggest the immune systems of people infected with COVID-19 may rely on antibodies created during infections from earlier coronaviruses to help fight the disease.
Drinking during COVID-19 up among people with anxiety and depression
People with anxiety and depression are more likely to report an increase in drinking during the COVID-19 pandemic than those without mental health issues, according to a new study.
Long-Term Care Facilities COVID-19 Vaccination
Learn the 10 things healthcare professionals need to know about where U.S. COVID-19 vaccination planning currently stands.
A biological strategy reveals how efficient brain circuitry develops spontaneously
Researchers have explained how the regularly structured topographic maps in the visual cortex of the brain could arise spontaneously to efficiently process visual information. This research provides a new framework for understanding functional architectures in the visual cortex during early developmental stages.
Travel
This page includes information about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) for travelers and travel-related industries.
Money matters to happiness--perhaps more than previously thought
Money matters to happiness, perhaps more so than previously thought, according to new research. One potential reason: Higher earners feel an increased sense of control over life. 'Across decisions big and small, having more money gives a person more choices and a greater sense of autonomy,' he says.
New approach emerges to better classify, treat brain tumors
A look at RNA tells us what our genes are telling our cells to do, and scientists say looking directly at the RNA of brain tumor cells appears to provide objective, efficient evidence to better classify a tumor and the most effective treatments.
Childhood neglect leaves generational imprint
Early life experiences can have an outsized effect on brain development and neurobiological health. New research is showing that those effects can be passed down to subsequent generations, reporting that the infant children of mothers who had experienced childhood emotional neglect displayed altered brain circuitry involved in fear responses and anxiety.
Fried food intake linked to heightened serious heart disease and stroke risk
Fried-food intake is linked to a heightened risk of major heart disease and stroke, finds a pooled analysis of the available research data.
Successive governments' approach to obesity policies has destined them to fail
Government obesity policies in England over the past three decades have largely failed because of problems with implementation, lack of learning from past successes or failures, and a reliance on trying to persuade individuals to change their behavior rather than tackling unhealthy environments.
Simple, cheap test can help save lives from colorectal cancer, study shows
New research has demonstrated that a simple, cheap test can help identify who is at risk of developing colorectal cancer, aiding early diagnosis and potentially saving lives.
New discovery in breast cancer treatment
Researchers have found new evidence about the positive role of androgens in breast cancer treatment with immediate implications for women with estrogen receptor-driven metastatic disease.
COVID-19 Vaccination Toolkits
COVID-19 Vaccination Toolkits for Medical Centers, Clinics, and Pharmacies, Long-term Care Facilities, Essential Workers, Community Based Organizations
понедельник, 18 января 2021 г.
Where COVID-19 hit hardest, sudden deaths outside the hospital increased, study finds
A study across New York City found that out-of-hospital sudden deaths follow the geographic distribution of SARS-CoV-2, suggesting an association between the two, investigators report.
Students returning home may have caused 9,400 secondary COVID-19 infections across UK
A new statistical model suggests that an infected student returning home for Christmas would, on average, have infected just less than one other household member.
Rapid blood test identifies COVID-19 patients at high risk of severe disease
Scientists have shown that a relatively simple and rapid blood test can predict which patients with COVID-19 are at highest risk of severe complications or death. The blood test measures levels of mitochondrial DNA, which normally resides inside the energy factories of cells. Mitochondrial DNA spilling out of cells and into the bloodstream is a sign that a particular type of violent cell death is taking place in the body.
COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil has overwhelmed its health systems, analysis shows
An analysis of the first 250,000 patients admitted to hospital with coronavirus reveals a high mortality and inequities in the quality of healthcare across regions.
Personalized brain stimulation alleviates severe depression symptoms
Targeted neuromodulation tailored to individual patients' distinctive symptoms is an increasingly common way of correcting misfiring brain circuits in people with epilepsy or Parkinson's disease. Now, scientists have demonstrated a novel personalized neuromodulation approach that -- at least in one patient -- was able to provide relief from symptoms of severe treatment-resistant depression within minutes.
Synthesis of potent antibiotic follows unusual chemical pathway
Images of a protein involved in creating a potent antibiotic reveal the unusual first steps of the antibiotic's synthesis. The improved understanding of the chemistry behind this process could allow researchers to adapt this and similar compounds for use in human medicine.
New computational tool reliably differentiates between cancer and normal cells from single-cell RNA-sequencing data
Researchers have developed a new computational tool to accurately differentiate between cancer cells and normal cells when analyzing large single-cell RNA-sequencing data.
Many parents say teens with anxiety, depression may benefit from peer confidants at school
Three-quarters of parents in a new national poll think peers better understand teen challenges, compared to teachers or counselors in the school.
воскресенье, 17 января 2021 г.
Scientists reveal mechanism that causes irritable bowel syndrome
Researchers have identified the biological mechanism that explains why some people experience abdominal pain when they eat certain foods. The finding paves the way for more efficient treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and other food intolerances. The study was carried out in mice and humans.
One small alcoholic drink a day is linked to an increased risk of atrial fibrillation
A study of nearly 108,000 people has found that people who regularly drink a modest amount of alcohol are at increased risk of atrial fibrillation, a condition where the heart beats in an abnormal rhythm. The study found that, compared to drinking no alcohol at all, just one alcoholic drink a day was linked to a 16% increased risk of atrial fibrillation over an average follow-up time of nearly 14 years.
суббота, 16 января 2021 г.
COVID-19 Vaccine Communication Toolkit for Essential Workers: Getting Started
The CDC has designed a toolkit to help community-based organizations (CBOs) educate communities about new COVID-19 vaccines.
пятница, 15 января 2021 г.
COVID-19 Vaccine Communication Toolkit for Community-Based Organizations: Getting Started
The CDC has designed a toolkit to help community-based organizations (CBOs) educate communities about new COVID-19 vaccines.
Toolkit for Colleges and Universities
Videos, Social Media, PSAs, Print Resources, Checklists, FAQs, and Web Resources to help colleges and universities protect students, faculty and staff.
RNA's mysterious folding process
Using data from RNA-folding experiments, the researchers generated the first-ever data-driven movies of how RNA folds as it is made by cellular machinery. By watching their videos of this folding occur, the researchers discovered that RNA often folds in surprising, perhaps unintuitive ways, such as tying itself into knots.
Target discovered that halts osteoarthritis-type knee cartilage degeneration
In a mouse study, researchers used nanotechnology and previous knowledge of a protein pathway to significantly reduce knee cartilage degeneration and pain.
Breathing easier with a better tracheal stent
New research is poised to drastically improve the use of tracheal stents for children with airway obstruction. Researchers demonstrate for the first time the successful use of a completely biodegradable magnesium-alloy tracheal stent that safely degrades and does not require removal.
New delivery method promises relief from antipsychotic medication's adverse side effects
A team of neuroscientists and engineers has created a nasal spray to deliver antipsychotic medication directly to the brain instead of having it pass through the body.
Increased risk of Parkinson's disease in patients with schizophrenia
A new study shows that patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder have an increased risk of Parkinson's disease later in life. The increased risk may be due to alterations in the brain's dopamine system caused by dopamine receptor antagonists or neurobiological effects of schizophrenia.
Researchers Find NTRK fusions more common than expected in pediatric tumors
Researchers have found that NTRK fusions are more common in pediatric tumors and also involve a wider range of tumors than adult cancers, information that could help prioritize screening for NTRK fusions in pediatric cancer patients who might benefit from treatment with TRK inhibitors.
Healthcare Facilities That Have Implemented COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting
Healthcare Facilities That Have Implemented COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting
Toolkit for Businesses and Workplaces
Guidance and tools to help businesses make decisions, protect their staff, and communicate with their communities.
ADA lowers target HbA1C levels for children with type-1 diabetes
In early 2020, upon recommendation by leading endocrinologists, American Diabetes Association lowered the target hemoglobin A1C guidelines for children with type 1 diabetes. Their goal in recommending stricter glucose control was to ensure children with type 1 diabetes have better immediate and long-term health outcomes with fewer health complications and reduced mortality rates. Researchers now discuss the evidence and rationale behind this new recommendation.
DNA test can quickly identify pneumonia in patients with severe COVID-19, aiding faster treatment
Researchers have developed a DNA test to quickly identify secondary infections in COVID-19 patients, who have double the risk of developing pneumonia while on ventilation than non-COVID-19 patients.
Acute itching in eczema patients linked to environmental allergens
New research indicates that allergens in the environment often are to blame for episodes of acute itch in eczema patients, and that the itching often doesn't respond to antihistamines because the itch signals are being carried to the brain along a previously unrecognized pathway that current drugs don't target.
Scientists uncover new path toward treating a rare but deadly neurologic condition
Molybdenum cofactor (Moco) is a compound that is little known but is essential for life. Children born without the ability to synthesize Moco die young. It has not been possible to create Moco supplements because the compound is so unstable. Studies in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans suggest that by combining, Moco with certain proteins, it becomes stable and can repair deficiency.
Scholars link diet, dentition, and linguistics
Anthropologists used a novel data analysis of thousands of languages, in addition to studying a unique subset of celebrities, to reveal how a soft food diet -- contrasted with the diet of hunter-gatherers -- is restructuring dentition and changing how people speak.
The role of T cells in fighting cancer
Why do some hosts' immune systems reject tumors easily, while others have a harder time doing so? It depends on the types of the immune cells known as CD8 T cells and how a host's specific T cells match up with the neoantigens present in the tumor.
Research breaks new ground in understanding how a molecular motor generates force
A team of biophysicists set out to tackle the long-standing question about the nature of force generation by myosin, the molecular motor responsible for muscle contraction. The key question they addressed - one of the most controversial topics in the field - was: how does myosin convert chemical energy, in the form of ATP, into mechanical work? The answer revealed new details into how myosin, the engine of muscle and related motor proteins, transduces energy.
четверг, 14 января 2021 г.
Flip the script: Cardiac rehabilitation is underused, but a simple change could fix that
Making doctors opt out from prescribing cardiac rehabilitation instead of opting in increased referrals by roughly 70 percent
Toadlet peptide transforms into a deadly weapon against bacteria
Researchers have discovered remarkable molecular properties of an antimicrobial peptide from the skin of the Australian toadlet. The discovery could inspire the development of novel synthetic drugs to combat bacterial infections.
Cancer models created by mechanical engineers offer new insight into tumor growth
Engineers have developed in vitro -- in the lab -- lymphatic vessel model to study the growth of tumor emboli, collections of tumor cells within vessels that are often associated with increased metastasis and tumor recurrence.
Reverse engineering 3D chromosome models for individual cells
A new computational technique that uses heat map data to reverse engineer highly detailed models of chromosomes and researchers have uncovered new information about the close spatial relationships that chromatin folding creates between genes.
Feces and algorithms: Artificial Intelligence to map our intestinal bacteria
The intestines and their bacteria are sometimes called our 'second brain', but studying these bacteria in their natural environment is difficult. Now researchers have developed a method that uses artificial intelligence to map intestinal bacteria using feces. The researchers thus hope to gain more knowledge of the role played by these bacteria in various diseases.
Physical virology shows the dynamics of virus reproduction
The reproductive cycle of viruses requires self-assembly, maturation of virus particles and, after infection, the release of genetic material into a host cell. New physics-based technologies allow scientists to study the dynamics of this cycle and may eventually lead to new treatments.
Holiday Celebrations
When planning to host or attend a holiday celebration, consider the risk of getting or spreading COVID-19 during different activities.
A rift in the retina may help repair the optic nerve
In experiments in mouse tissues and human cells, researchers say they have found that removing a membrane that lines the back of the eye may improve the success rate for regrowing nerve cells damaged by blinding diseases.
Acting quickly after heart attack symptoms start can be a heart saver
The degree of heart muscle damage from a heart attack is associated with how long it takes from when heart attack symptoms start to when patients receive an artery-clearing procedure called percutaneous coronary intervention, or PCI. The longer the time period before PCI, called symptom-to-balloon time, the more significant and damaging the heart attack.
SolarEV City concept: Building the next urban power and mobility systems
Cities are responsible for 60-70% of energy-related CO2 emissions. As the world is increasingly urbanized, it is crucial to identify cost-effective pathways to decarbonize. Here, we propose a ''SolarEV City'' concept, in which integrated systems of cities' roof-top PVs with EVs as batteries can supply affordable and dispatchable CO2-free electricity for citie's dwerllers, which can reduce CO2 emission by 54-95% with 26-41% of potential cost savings by 2030.
How the brain paralyzes you while you sleep
Researchers have discovered a group of neurons in the mouse brainstem that suppress unwanted movement during rapid eye movement sleep.
Short term low carbohydrate diet linked to remission of type 2 diabetes
Patients with type 2 diabetes who follow a strict low carbohydrate diet for six months may experience greater rates of remission compared with other recommended diets without adverse effects, a new study suggests.
Early warning sign for heart disease
The build-up of calcium in a major artery outside of the heart could predict future heart attack or stroke, a new study has demonstrated.
среда, 13 января 2021 г.
Early COVID-19 lockdown in Delhi had less impact on urban air quality than first believed
The first COVID-19 lockdowns led to significant changes in urban air pollution levels around the world, but the changes were smaller than expected, a new study reveals.
COVID-19 vaccine creates incentive to improve our health
While we wait for our turn to get vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2, we could -- and probably should -- use the time to make sure we bring our healthiest emotional and physical selves to the treatment, a new review of previous research suggests.
College campuses are COVID-19 superspreaders, new study suggests
College campuses are at risk of becoming COVID-19 superspreaders for their entire county, according to a new vast study which shows the striking danger of the first two weeks of school in particular.
Combination treatment for methamphetamine use disorder shows promise
A combination of two medications, injectable naltrexone and oral bupropion, was safe and effective in treating adults with moderate or severe methamphetamine use disorder in a double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase III clinical trial. The findings suggest this combination therapy may be a promising addition to current approaches to treatment, such as cognitive behavioral therapy and contingency management interventions, for a very serious condition that remains difficult to treat and overcome.
Pulsed ultraviolet light technology to improve egg safety, help poultry industry
Pulsed ultraviolet light can be an effective alternative to some of the antimicrobial technologies now used by the poultry industry to kill pathogens on eggshells, according to researchers, who simulated production conditions to test the technology.
Memory may be preserved in condition with brain changes similar to Alzheimer's disease
Primary progressive aphasia is a rare neurodegenerative condition characterized by prominent language problems that worsen over time. About 40% of people with the condition have underlying Alzheimer's disease. But a new study has found that people with the condition may not develop the memory problems associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Mothers of children with autism found to have significantly different metabolite levels
Blood sample analysis showed that, two to five years after they gave birth, mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) had several significantly different metabolite levels compared to mothers of typically developing children.
COVID-19 Forecasts: Hospitalizations
Learn about COVID-19 forecasts and modeling for new hospitalizations.
Previous COVID-19 Forecasts: Hospitalizations
Learn about COVID-19 forecasts and modeling for new hospitalizations.
Inferring human genomes at a fraction of the cost promises to boost biomedical research
A new method, developed offers game-changing possibilities for genetic association studies and biomedical research. For less than $1 in computational cost, GLIMPSE is able to statistically infer a complete human genome from a very small amount of data. It offers a first realistic alternative to current approaches, and so allows a wider inclusion of underrepresented populations.
MIND and Mediterranean diets associated with later onset of Parkinson's disease
A new study suggests a strong correlation between following the MIND and Mediterranean diets and later onset of Parkinson's disease (PD). While researchers have long known of neuroprotective effects of the MIND diet for diseases like Alzheimer's and dementia, this study is the first to suggest a link between this diet and brain health for Parkinson's disease (PD).
Tiny molecules in blood with a big impact
Scientists have discovered hundreds of previously unknown variations in genes that have a sometimes drastic impact on the concentration of small molecules in the blood.
New insights into the control of inflammation
Scientists discovered that EGR1inhibits expression of pro-inflammatory genes in macrophages. The discovery expands the understanding of how macrophages are set off and deactivated in the inflammatory process, which is critical in many normal and pathological conditions.
Compound protects myelin, nerve fibers
A compound appears to protect nerve fibers and the fatty sheath, called myelin, that covers nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. The new research in a mouse model advances earlier work to develop the compound - known as sobetirome - that has already showed promise in stimulating the repair of myelin.
Compound from medicinal herb kills brain-eating amoebae in lab studies
Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a deadly disease caused by the 'brain-eating amoeba' Naegleria fowleri, is becoming more common in some areas of the world, and it has no effective treatment. Now, researchers have found that a compound isolated from the leaves of a traditional medicinal plant, Inula viscosa or 'false yellowhead,' kills the amoebae by causing them to commit cell suicide in lab studies, which could lead to new treatments.
A niche for the eye
What if the degenerative eye conditions that lead to glaucoma, corneal dystrophy, and cataracts could be detected and treated before vision is impaired? Recent findings point to the ciliary body as a key to unlocking this possibility.
Enhanced oral uptake of exosomes opens cell therapy alternative
Cell-derived exosomes are effective in treating disease when mixed with the dominant protein in breast milk and given orally, a new study of laboratory mice shows. The findings could help develop new oral medications for treating patients with muscular dystrophy and heart failure.
COVID-19 Vaccination
Protect Your Community: get answers to common questions and accurate information about the COVID-19 vaccines.
Clinical Mitigation (Non-US Settings)
Strategies to ensure adequate provision of care for mildly to moderately ill COVID-19 patients, and delivery of other non-COVID-19 essential health services during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Markets: Operational considerations for COVID-19 mitigation measures in low resource settings
Markets are a critical place of commerce and a source of many essential goods, but they can pose potential risks for COVID-19 transmission. This document provides suggestions for mitigating COVID-19 transmission in markets in low-resource settings and describes considerations associated with each mitigation measure.
Operational Considerations for Immunization Services during COVID-19 in Non-US Settings Focusing on Low-Middle Income Countries
Learn COVID-19 operational considerations to implement immunization services in non-US countries with low or middle incomes.
Engaging Community Health Workers to Support Home-based care for people with COVID-19 in low-resource settings
This document provides suggestions for how Community Health Workers can support home-based care in low resource settings, including different actions community health workers can take to support patients, their families, and their communities during COVID-19, and how to identify which people are eligible for home-based care.
Migration and Border Health
The objective of screening is to reduce the international spread of communicable disease by detecting departing travelers who are sick or who have been exposed to the disease and preventing them from leaving the country they are in (exit screening) or by detecting them upon arrival and directing them to appropriate care and follow up, as needed (entry screening).
Colleges can prevent 96 percent of COVID-19 infections with common measures, study finds
The combined effectiveness of three COVID-prevention strategies on college campuses -- mask-wearing, social distancing, and routine testing -- are as effective in preventing coronavirus infections as the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines approved by US FDA, according to a new study from Case Western Reserve University.
Higher vaccine rates associated with indicative language by provider, more efficient
New research finds that using clear, unambiguous language when recommending HPV vaccination both increases vaccine acceptance and increases conversation efficiency while preserving patient satisfaction.
Conflict between divorced parents can lead to mental health problems in children, study finds
A study has found that when children are exposed to conflict between their divorced or separated parents, they experience fear of abandonment. This worry about being abandoned in response to interparental conflict was associated with future mental health problems in children, especially for children who had strong relationships with their fathers.
Lipid biomarkers in urine can determine the type of asthma
In a new study, researchers have used a urine test to identify and verify a patient's type of asthma. The study lays the foundation for a more personalized diagnosis and may result in improved treatment of severe asthma in the future.
Researchers use deep learning to identify gene regulation at single-cell level
Researchers describe how they developed a deep-learning framework to observe gene regulation at the cellular level.
How to Select, Wear, and Clean Your Mask
COVID-19 spreads mainly from person to person through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people who are nearby or possibly be inhaled into the lungs.
Requirement for Proof of Negative COVID-19 Test or Recovery from COVID-19 for All Air Passengers Arriving in the United States
Information and frequently asked questions about requirement for proof of negative COVID-19 test or recovery from COVID-19 for all air passengers arriving in the United States
Nanoparticle immunization technology could protect against many strains of coronaviruses
Researchers are studying a new type of immunization that may be able to protect against many variants of viruses.
High doses of saccharin don't lead to diabetes in healthy adults, study finds
A new study has found that the sugar substitute saccharin doesn't lead to the development of diabetes in healthy adults.
Hope for children with rare heart condition: novel stem cell therapy to save the day
Researchers put forward a safe and efficient new stem cell therapy for regenerating cardiac function in pediatric patients.
The three days pregnancy sickness is most likely to start pinpointed
Researchers have narrowed the time frame that nausea and vomiting during pregnancy will potentially start to just three days for most women, opening up the possibility for scientists to identify a biological cause for the condition.
Study finds risk factors linked to COVID-19 mental health impacts for college students
A study of students at seven public universities across the United States has identified risk factors that may place students at higher risk for negative psychological impacts related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
вторник, 12 января 2021 г.
Mothers, but not fathers, with multiple children report more fragmented sleep
Mothers with multiple children report more fragmented sleep than mothers of a single child, but the number of children in a family doesn't seem to affect the quality of sleep for fathers, according to a new study.
Understanding how to improve antibodies targeting OX40 for the treatment of cancer
Scientists have gained new insight into how the immune system can be better used to find and kill cancer cells.
Killing cancer by unleashing the body's own immune system
The body's immune system is the first line of defense against infections like bacteria, viruses or cancers. Some cancers, however, have developed the art of molecular deception to avoid destruction by the body's immune system. Now, a researcher might have found a new way to help the body's immune system get past that deception and destroy the cancer.
Metabolism may play role in recurrent major depression
Researchers have found that certain metabolites -- small molecules produced by the process of metabolism -- may be predictive indicators for persons at risk for recurrent major depressive disorder.
NASA missions help investigate an 'Old Faithful' active galaxy
Yellowstone National Park's Old Faithful geyser regularly blasts a jet of boiling water high in the air. Now, an international team of astronomers has discovered a cosmic equivalent, a distant galaxy that erupts roughly every 114 days.
New technology reveals fast and slow twitch muscle fibers respond differently to exercise
Scientists have performed the most in-depth analysis of fast and slow twitch muscle fibers and the different ways they respond to exercise. Their novel approach uses large scale protein analysis of freeze-dried muscle samples, which opens the door for new analyses of muscle samples that are located in freezers around the world.
Rotten egg gas could guard against Alzheimer's disease
Typically characterized as poisonous, corrosive and smelling of rotten eggs, hydrogen sulfide's reputation may soon get a face-lift thanks to researchers. In experiments in mice, researchers have shown the foul-smelling gas may help protect aging brain cells against Alzheimer's disease.
Scientists reveal how gut microbes can influence bone strength in mice
Gut microbes passed from female mice to their offspring, or shared between mice that live together, may influence the animals' bone mass.
Scientists develop method to more efficiently isolate and identify rare T cells
Scientists have developed a technique that will enable researchers to more efficiently isolate and identify rare T cells that are capable of targeting viruses, cancer and other diseases.
Why independent cultures think alike when it comes to categories: It's not in the brain
Scientists conducted an experiment in which people were asked to categorize unfamiliar shapes. Individuals and small groups created many different unique categorization systems while large groups created systems nearly identical to one another.
New humanized mouse model provides insight into immunotherapy resistance
Scientists have created an advanced humanized immune system mouse model that allows them to examine resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapies in melanoma. It has revealed a central role for mast cells.
Tweaking AI software to function like a human brain improves computer's learning ability
Computer-based artificial intelligence can function more like human intelligence when programmed to use a much faster technique for learning new objects, say two neuroscientists who designed such a model that was designed to mirror human visual learning.
K-12 Schools and Childcare Programs
Answers to frequently asked questions concerning how administrators, teachers, and parents should respond to COVID-19.
Toolkit for Correctional and Detention Facilities
Guidance and tools to help administrators of correctional and detention facilities make decisions and protect and communicate with staff, people who are incarcerated, and their communities during COVID-19.
Protecting lungs from ventilator-induced injury
An unfortunate truth about using mechanical ventilation to save lives is that the pressure can cause further lung damage. Scientists have identified a helpful molecule produced by immune cells during ventilation and are working to boost that natural process in pursuit of a therapy that could lower the chances for lung damage in patients on vents.
Neuroscientists identify brain circuit that encodes timing of events
Neuroscientists shed new light on how the timing of a memory is encoded in the hippocampus, and suggest that time and space are encoded separately.
Higher coffee intake may be linked to lower prostate cancer risk
Drinking several cups of coffee every day may be linked to a lower risk of developing prostate cancer, suggests a pooled data analysis of the available evidence.
Number of people suffering extreme droughts will double
A global research effort offers the first worldwide view of how climate change could affect water availability and drought severity in the decades to come. By the late 21st century, global land area and population facing extreme droughts could more than double -- increasing from 3% during 1976-2005 to 7%-8%, according to a professor of civil and environmental engineering.
Pillar-like molecules as biosensors for metabolites
Researchers report that a molecule known as pillar[6]arene can form a host-guest compound with a cancer-associated metabolite. The phenomenon can be used to efficiently detect the metabolite in crude biological samples, which is important for preventing and treating metabolic syndrome and associated pathologies.
Big data analysis finds cancer's key vulnerabilities
A new analysis of almost 10,000 patients found that tumors could be stratified into 112 subtypes regardless of the cancer's origin.
Link between gut microbes, diet and illnesses revealed
Diets rich in healthy and plant-based foods encourages the presence of gut microbes that are linked to a lower risk of common illnesses including heart disease, research has found.
Maintaining Essential Services for Malaria in Low-Resource Countries
If essential malaria interventions are significantly disrupted due to COVID-19 challenges, numbers of malaria cases will significantly increase, and death rates could double.
понедельник, 11 января 2021 г.
Zombie movies and psychological resilience
Tales of post-apocalyptic landscapes in which few survivors emerge into a new and much different world have long been popular tales woven by screenwriters and authors. While many enjoy these stories, thinking of them as nothing but a guilty pleasure, they may not realize that immersing themselves in fiction has prepared them for the reality of 2020, according to a team of researchers.
Why COVID-19 pneumonia lasts longer, causes more damage than typical pneumonia
COVID pneumonia is significantly different from pneumonia caused by other causes, reports a new study. It shows how hijacks the lungs' own immune cells and uses them to spread across the lung over weeks. The infection leaves damage in its wake and fuels the fever, low blood pressure and damage to the kidneys, brain, heart and other organs in patients with COVID-19. Scientists discovered a target for treating COVID pneumonia.
COVID-19 drug prospects boosted by discovery of short form of coronavirus's 'entry point'
A shadow over the promising inhaled interferon beta COVID-19 therapy has been cleared with the discovery that although it appears to increase levels of ACE2 protein -- coronavirus' key entry point into nose and lung cells -- it predominantly increases levels of a short version of that protein, which the virus cannot bind to.
Biomarkers in fathers' sperm linked to offspring autism
Epigenetic biomarkers in human sperm have been identified that can indicate a propensity to father children with autism spectrum disorder. In the study, researchers identified a set of genomic features, called DNA methylation regions, in sperm samples from men who were known to have autistic children. Then in a set of blind tests, they were able to use the presence of these features to determine whether other men had fathered autistic children with 90 percent accuracy.
Study shows meaningful lockdown activity is more satisfying than busyness
With much of the world practicing varying degrees of social distancing and lockdown, researchers have been investigating the key to happiness in isolation.
Post-surgical patch releases non-opioid painkiller directly to the wound
A team of scientists has developed a bio-compatible surgical patch that releases non-opioid painkillers directly to the site of a wound for days and then dissolves away. The polymer patch provides a controlled release of a drug that blocks the enzyme COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2,) which drives pain and inflammation.
Study links severe COVID-19 disease to short telomeres
Patients with severe COVID-19 disease have significantly shorter telomeres, according to a new study. Researchers postulate that telomere shortening as a consequence of the viral infection impedes tissue regeneration and that this is why a significant number of patients suffer prolonged sequelae.
Model offers help for new hips
Engineers design a computational model that will ultimately serve as the engine to predict how long a hip implant could last for a specific patient. The unique model incorporates fluid dynamics and the physics of implant wear and aims to streamline trial-and-error in the design of future implants.
Early warning system fills in gaps in infectious disease surveillance
Researchers have developed an infectious disease early warning system that includes areas lacking health clinics participating in infectious disease surveillance. The approach compensates for existing gaps to support better observation and prediction of the spread of an outbreak, including to areas remaining without surveillance.
To understand periodontal disease, researchers examine the surprising behavior of T cells
In diseases characterized by bone loss -such as periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoporosis -- there is a lot that scientists still don't understand. What is the role of the immune response in the process? What happens to the regulatory mechanisms that protect bone? Researchers now describe a mechanism that unlocks a piece of the puzzle.
Laypeople have difficulty estimating severity of blood loss
When an accident occurs, the reactions of bystanders are important. Researchers have studied whether laypeople realize the severity of the situation when someone in their proximity begins to bleed, and whether they can estimate how much the person is bleeding. The results show a discrepancy related to the victim's gender: for a woman losing blood, both blood loss and life-threatening injuries were underestimated.
Same difference: Predicting divergent paths of genetically identical cells
A set of biomarkers not traditionally associated with cell fate can accurately predict how genetically identical cells behave differently under stress, according to a new study. The findings could eventually lead to more predictable responses to pharmaceutical treatments.
Marijuana use typically drops at the beginning of the year, then climbs in summer and fall
Marijuana use increases throughout the calendar year, with use up 13 percent on average at the end of each year compared to the beginning.
New evidence of health threat from chemicals in marijuana and tobacco smoke
Scientists have uncovered new evidence of the potential health risks of chemicals in tobacco and marijuana smoke.
Importance of COVID-19 Vaccination for Residents of Long-term Care Facilities
Vaccinating LTCF residents will save lives. Making sure LTCF residents can receive COVID-19 vaccination as soon as vaccines are available will help save the lives of those who are most at risk of dying from COVID-19. According to ACIP's recommendations, long-term care facility residents include adults who reside in facilities that provide a range of services, including medical and personal care, to persons who are unable to live independently. The communal nature of LTCFs and the population served (generally older adults often with underlying medical conditions) puts facility residents at increased risk of infection and severe illness from COVID-19
Bacterium produces pharmaceutical all-purpose weapon
For some years, an active substance from the leaves of an ornamental plant has been regarded as a possible forerunner of a new group of potent drugs. So far, however, it has been very laborious to manufacture it in large quantities. That could now change: Researchers have identified a bacterium that produces the substance and can also be easily cultivated in the laboratory.
An augmented immune response explains the adverse course of COVID-19 in patients with hypertension
COVID-19 patients who also suffer from high blood pressure are more likely to fall severely ill with the disease, which also leaves them at greater risk of death. Scientists have now found that the immune cells of patients with hypertension are already pre-activated, and that this pre-activation is greatly enhanced under COVID-19.
One in five brain cancers fueled by overactive mitochondria
A new study has found that up to 20% of aggressive brain cancers are fueled by overactive mitochondria and new drugs in development may be able to starve the cancers.
Discovery pinpoints new therapeutic target for atopic dermatitis
Researchers have discovered a key mechanism underlying bacterial skin colonization in atopic dermatitis, which affects millions around the globe. By identifying a major mechanism through which Staphylococcus aureus binds to the skin of patients with AD the team has opened the possibility of targeting this pathway as a therapeutic option in AD.
COVID-19 Rapid Assessment of Point of Entry Capacity (RAPC)
CDC's rapid risk assessment protocol for point of entry capacity provides a qualitative assessment tool for determining public health needs and capabilities at a point of entry (POE) to address Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) preparedness and response. This qualitative assessment tool is meant to complement other more quantitative tools for POE assessment.
COVID-19 Vaccine FAQs in Correctional and Detention Centers
Frequently asked questions about COVID-19 vaccination in correctional and detention centers. For general information about COVID-19 vaccine, please see the CDC COVID-19 Vaccine Information page.
Probiotic coffee and tea drinks
Good news for those who need a cuppa to start the day. Food scientists have created new probiotic coffee and tea drinks that are packed with over 1 billion units of gut-friendly live probiotics. These non-dairy and plant-based beverages are can be stored chilled or at room temperature for more than 14 weeks.
Scientists identify workflow algorithm to predict psychosis
Cleverly combining artificial and human intelligence leads to improved prevention of psychosis in young patients.
Study identifies exposure to common food-borne pathogen linked to rare brain cancer
A new study suggests a link between toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection and the risk of glioma, a type of brain cancer, in adults.
Scientists reach new milestone in vaccine development for leishmaniasis
Researchers have taken an important step forward in developing a controlled human infection model to test leishmaniasis vaccines.
Uncovering basic mechanisms of intestinal stem cell self-renewal and differentiation
The gut plays a central role in the regulation of the body's metabolism and its dysfunction is associated with a variety of diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, colitis and colorectal cancer that affect millions of people worldwide. Targeting endocrine dysfunction by stimulating the formation of specific enteroendocrine cells from intestinal stem cells could be a promising regenerative approach for diabetes therapy. For this, a detailed understanding of the intestinal stem cell lineage and the signals regulating the recruitment of intestinal cell types is critical.
воскресенье, 10 января 2021 г.
What to Expect after Getting a COVID-19 Vaccine
COVID-19 vaccination will help protect you from getting COVID-19. You may have some side effects, which are a normal sign that your body is building protection. These side effects may affect your ability to do daily activities, but they should go away in a few days.
A beginner's guide to DNA origami
Researchers, who have studied DNA origami for years, have compiled the first detailed tutorial on the technique.
Gene therapy strategy found effective in mouse model of hereditary disease TSC
Patients with a genetic disorder called tuberous sclerosis complex have noncancerous tumors growing in numerous organs, and their treatment options are limited. A gene therapy strategy effectively treated mice that express one of the mutated genes that cause the disease.
Including unhealthy foods may diminish positive effects of an otherwise healthy diet
Researchers have reported diminished benefits of a Mediterranean diet among those with high frequency of eating unhealthy foods.
New statistical method exponentially increases ability to discover genetic insights
A test of the Sum-Share statistical method with only summary-level data found 1,734 genetic variations associated with cardiovascular-related conditions when just one had previously been likely.
Unravelling the mystery that makes viruses infectious
Researchers have for the first time identified the way viruses like the poliovirus and the common cold virus 'package up' their genetic code, allowing them to infect cells. The findings open up the possibility that drugs or anti-viral agents can be developed that would stop such infections.
Botulism breakthrough? Taming botulinum toxin to deliver therapeutics
Currently there's no treatment for botulism once the toxin gets into neurons. This novel treatment neutralized the toxin with a second, modified botulinum toxin that delivered a mini antibody into the cells - reversing paralysis in mice.
More than half of people using cannabis for pain experience multiple withdrawal symptoms
More than half of people who use medical marijuana products to ease pain also experience clusters of multiple withdrawal symptoms when they're between uses, a new study finds. And about 10% of the patients taking part in the study experienced worsening changes to their sleep, mood, mental state, energy and appetite over the next two years as they continued to use cannabis.
Novel RNA factors may help cancer cells thrive
Recent work pinpoints critical changes in an enzyme known as DICER, which create a cascade of effects on this microRNAome. The team identified primary actors circ2082, a circular RNA, and RBM3, an RNA-binding protein, which form a complex with DICER to trap it in the nucleus of glioblastoma cells, therefore disrupting the cytoplasmic microRNAome.
суббота, 9 января 2021 г.
Vaccines
Learn about COVID-19 vaccine planning, how vaccine recommendations will be made, and the work going into ensuring the safety of COVID-19 vaccines.
Large study finds higher burden of acute brain dysfunction for COVID-19 ICU patients
COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care in the early months of the pandemic were subject to a significantly higher burden of delirium and coma than is typically found in patients with acute respiratory failure. A new study finds that choice of sedative medications and curbs on family visitation played a role in increasing acute brain dysfunction for these patients.
пятница, 8 января 2021 г.
Operating schools during COVID-19: CDC's Considerations
CDC offers considerations for ways in which schools can help protect students, teachers, administrators, and staff and slow the spread of COVID-19.
Nanoparticle vaccine for COVID-19
Researchers are working to develop a single-dose vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 that could potentially be stored at room temperature.
Guidance for U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Staff for the Establishment and Management of Public Health Rapid Response Teams for Disease Outbreaks: COVID-19 Disease Supplement Infographic
Guidance for U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Staff for the Establishment and Management of Public Health Rapid Response Teams for Disease Outbreaks: COVID-19 Disease Supplement Infographic
How to Make 0.1% Chlorine Solution to Disinfect Surfaces in Healthcare Settings
How to Make 0.1% Chlorine Solution to Disinfect Surfaces in Healthcare Settings
Considerations for Use of SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Testing in Nursing Homes
SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Testing in Nursing Homes
Tiny wireless device sheds light on combating obesity
In a new study, researchers have described a medical device that might help with weight loss and requires a simpler operative procedure for implantation.
We hear what we expect to hear
Neuroscientists show that the entire auditory pathway represents sounds according to prior expectations.
How 'Iron Man' bacteria could help protect the environment
In a new study, researchers show that microbes are capable of an incredible feat that could help reclaim a valuable natural resource and soak up toxic pollutants.
Requirement for Proof of Negative COVID-19 Test for All Air Passengers Arriving from the UK to the US
Requirement for Proof of Negative COVID-19 Test for All Air Passengers Arriving from the UK to the US
Travel: Frequently Asked Questions and Answers
Frequently Asked Questions regarding travel during the COVID-19 pandemic.
'Invisible' stem cells evade natural killer cells using immune 'off-switch'
Scientists have discovered a new way to control the immune system's 'natural killer' (NK) cells, a finding with implications for novel cell therapies and tissue implants that can evade immune rejection. The findings could also be used to enhance the ability of cancer immunotherapies to detect and destroy lurking tumors.
Scientists paint multicolor atlas of the brain
Scientists have engineered a coloring technique, known as NeuroPAL (a Neuronal Polychromatic Atlas of Landmarks), which makes it possible to identify every single neuron in the brain of a worm.
Which came first, sleep or the brain?
In work that could help unravel the origin of sleep, an international team of researchers has shown that tiny, water-dwelling hydras not only show signs of a sleep-like state despite lacking central nervous systems but also respond to molecules associated with sleep in more evolved animals. The new results suggest that many sleep-related mechanisms developed before the brain and may have been conserved during the evolution of central nervous systems.
Perceiving prosthesis as lighter thanks to neurofeedback
Transmitting sensory signals from prostheses to the nervous system helps leg amputees to perceive prosthesis as part of their body. While amputees generally perceive their prostheses as heavy, this feedback helps them to perceive the prostheses as significantly lighter, researchers have shown.
Antibiotic resistance from random DNA sequences
An important and still unanswered question is how new genes that cause antibiotic resistance arise. In a new study, researchers have shown how new genes that produce resistance can arise from completely random DNA sequences.
Improving Ventilation in Your Home
If a visitor needs to be in your home, improving ventilation (air flow) can help prevent virus particles from accumulating in the air in your home. Good ventilation, along with other preventive actions, like staying 6 feet apart and wearing masks, can help prevent you from getting and spreading Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Cancer cells hibernate like bears to evade harsh chemotherapy
Researchers show that cancer cells hijack an evolutionary conserved program to survive chemotherapy. Furthermore, the researchers show that novel therapeutic strategies aimed at specifically targeting cancer cells in this slow-dividing state can prevent cancer regrowth.
Testing and International Air Travel
Testing 1-3 days before and 2-5 days after travel may reduce the risk of spreading COVID-19. Testing does not eliminate all risk, but when combined with everyday precautions like wearing masks, social distancing, and handwashing, it can make travel safer by reducing spread on planes and in airports and at travelers' destinations.
New mechanism underlying male infertility
One essential component of each eukaryotic cell is the cytoskeleton. Microtubules, tiny tubes consisting of a protein called tubulin, are part of this skeleton of cells. Cilia and flagella, which are antenna-like structures that protrude from most of the cells in our body, contain many microtubules. An example of flagell is the sperm tail, which is essential for male fertility and thus for sexual reproduction. The flagellum has to beat in a very precise and coordinated manner to allow progressive swimming of the sperm. Failure to do so can lead to male infertility.
четверг, 7 января 2021 г.
Commonly used blood pressure medications safe for COVID-19 patients, study finds
Medications to treat high blood pressure did not affect outcomes among patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The study is the first randomized controlled trial to show there is no risk for patients continuing these medications while hospitalized for COVID-19.
How medical schools can transform curriculums to undo racial biases
Medical school curriculums may misuse race and play a role in perpetuating physician bias, a team of researchers found in an analysis of curriculum from the preclinical phase of medical education.
Not just a guys' club: Resistance training benefits older women just as much as older men
Men and women aged over 50 can reap similar relative benefits from resistance training, a new study shows.
A brain mechanism underlying 'vision' in the blind is revealed
Researchers observed slow spontaneous fluctuations in the brain's visual centers that preceded visual hallucinations in blind people.
COVID-19 Information Metrics for Response Leadership's Decision Making
This document aims to provide critical COVID-19 information metrics by technical area that response leaders in non-U.S. settings can request to aid in informing COVID-19 response decisions. This document includes a set of core metrics within 10 technical areas for response leaders to help monitor response progress and guide decision making.
Peeking inside 'mini-brains' could boost understanding of the human brain
Revealing details of the internal structure of 'mini-brains' could help accelerate drug studies and may offer alternatives to some animal testing.
Faulty metabolism of Parkinson's medication in the brain linked to severe side effects
Until now, the reason why the drug levodopa (L-Dopa), which reduces the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease, declines in efficacy after a few years' use has been unknown. A side effect that then often occur is involuntary movements. Scientists have now been able to connect the problems with defective metabolism of L-Dopa in the brain.
Where antibiotic resistance comes from
By comparing thousands of bacterial genomes, scientists have traced back the evolutionary history of antibiotic resistance genes. In almost all cases where an origin could be determined, the gene started to spread from bacteria that, themselves, can cause disease.
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