Researchers and their partners have discovered a slimy strategy used by bacteria to defeat antibiotics and other drugs used to combat infections afflicting people with cystic fibrosis.
воскресенье, 28 февраля 2021 г.
'Explicit instruction' provides dramatic benefits in learning to read
When it comes to learning to read, new research suggests that explicit instruction -- a phonics teaching method in which the relationship between sound and spelling is taught directly and systematically -- is more effective than self-discovery through reading.
Scientists identify cells responsible for liver tissue maintenance and regeneration
While the amazing regenerative power of the liver has been known since ancient times, the cells responsible for maintaining and replenishing the liver have remained a mystery. Now, research has identified the cells responsible for liver maintenance and regeneration while also pinpointing where they reside in the liver.
Smartphones could help to prevent glaucoma blindness
Smartphones could be used to scan people's eyes for early-warning signs of glaucoma - helping to prevent severe ocular diseases and blindness, a new study reveals.
64 human genomes as new reference for global genetic diversity
20 years after the successful completion of the Human Genome Project', an international research group has now sequenced 64 human genomes at high resolution. This reference data includes individuals from around the world, better capturing the genetic diversity of the human species. Among other applications, the work enables population-specific studies on genetic predispositions to human diseases as well as the discovery of more complex forms of genetic variation.
New signaling pathway in neurons
A new signaling pathway has been identified that can prevent the overproduction of certain RNA-protein complexes in neurons. These complexes play an important role in neurodegenerative diseases.
Harnessing the power of proteins in our cells to combat disease
Over many decades now, traditional drug discovery methods have steadily improved at keeping diseases at bay and cancer in remission. And for the most part, it's worked well. But it hasn't worked perfectly.
Artificial 'brain' reveals why we can't always believe our eyes
A computer network closely modelled on part of the human brain is enabling new insights into the way our brains process moving images - and explains some perplexing optical illusions.
Gut health and mood genetically entwined
Researchers have provided clues to how the gut and brain work together by studying health data from nearly half a million people.
Among Ecuador's Shuar, researchers find how disgust evolved as a human emotion
When the pungent smell of rotting food sends a person running, that disgusted feeling is an evolved response that helps avoid exposure to pathogens, say anthropologists. In a project that blended anthropology, biology and psychology, researchers explored disgust behaviors among Ecuador's indigenous Shuar people.
Decrease in peanut allergy among infants after guideline changes
Changes to food allergy guidelines has led to a 16 per cent decrease in peanut allergy among infants, according to new study.
Biobattery-powered microneedle patch can deliver drugs and procure testing samples
A pain-free, organic and biodegradable drug delivery patch may be on the horizon for home health care patients soon. Researchers have developed a biobattery-powered device capable of both delivering large molecule pharmaceuticals across the skin barrier and extracting interstitial fluid for diagnostic purposes.
Computer training to reduce trauma symptoms
Computer training applied in addition to psychotherapy can potentially help reduce the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). With the computerized training, the patients learned to appraise recurring and distressing trauma symptoms in a less negative light and instead to interpret them as a normal and understandable part of processing the trauma.
Super-resolution RNA imaging in live cells
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is key to various fundamental biological processes. It transfers genetic information, translates it into proteins or supports gene regulation. To achieve a more detailed understanding of the precise functions it performs, researchers have devised a new fluorescence imaging method which enables live-cell RNA imaging with unprecedented resolution.
Dentists' tool boost as engineers get to root of tiny bubbles
People's teeth-chattering experiences in the dentist's chair could be improved by fresh insights into how tiny, powerful bubbles are formed by ultra-fast vibrations, a study suggests.
AI identifies social bias trends in Bollywood, Hollywood movies
An automated computer analysis method designed by Carnegie Mellon University computer scientists makes it possible to track social biases across decades of Bollywood and Hollywood movies.
Study identifies potential link between Soldiers exposed to blasts, Alzheimer's
Research shows that Soldiers exposed to shockwaves from military explosives are at a higher risk for developing Alzheimer's disease -- even those that don't have traumatic brain injuries from those blasts. A new study identifies how those blasts affect the brain.
What Older Adults Need to Know about COVID-19 Vaccines
The risk of severe illness from COVID-19 increases with age, which is why the CDC recommends older adults receive COVID-19 vaccines.
Benefits of team building exercises jeopardized if not truly voluntary
Zoom dress up parties, tug-of-war, 'trust falls' and escape rooms - team building exercises have become the go-to tool for managers trying to increase team rapport and productivity, but unfortunately many employees resent compulsory bonding and often regard these exercises as the bane of their workplace existence. A paper published by Sydney researchers has found participants have mixed feelings about team-building interventions, with the research revealing ethical implications in forcing employees to take part.
суббота, 27 февраля 2021 г.
Targeted spraying to prevent malaria in low-transmission setting halves cost of current practice
Furthermore, the targeted Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) intervention was safe, less costly, and more cost-effective compared with standard 'blanket' IRS, meaning savings could potentially be reallocated to other malaria control and elimination activities.
How photoblueing disturbs microscopy
An undesirable effect can occur in super-resolution fluorescence microscopy: photoblueing. A new article shows how it can be prevented or made useful for research.
Early-warning for seizures could be a game-changer for epilepsy patients
A research team has developed mathematical model to predict seizures that will give epilepsy patients an accurate warning five minutes to one hour before they are likely to experience a seizure.
Social media use driven by search for reward, akin to animals seeking food
Our use of social media, specifically our efforts to maximize 'likes,' follows a pattern of 'reward learning,' concludes a new study by an international team of scientists. Its findings reveal parallels with the behavior of animals, such as rats, in seeking food rewards.
Independent Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Test Performance
In collaboration with the NCI, CDC, and BARDA, the FDA has developed a comprehensive dataset to compare the performance characteristics of different serological tests that were independently evaluated using well-characterized sample panels of positive and negative specimens for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
Independent Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Test Performance
In collaboration with the NCI, CDC, and BARDA, the FDA has developed a comprehensive dataset to compare the performance characteristics of different serological tests that were independently evaluated using well-characterized sample panels of positive and negative specimens for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
пятница, 26 февраля 2021 г.
A weak heart makes a suffering brain
Heart problems cause disturbed gene activity in the brain's memory center, from which cognitive deficits arise. Researchers at the DZNE come to this conclusion based on laboratory studies. They consider that they have found a possible cause for the increased risk of dementia in people with heart problems.
Under climate stress, human innovation set stage for population surge
Aridification in the central plains of China during the early Bronze Age did not cause population collapse, a result that highlights the importance of social resilience to climate change. Instead of a collapse amid dry conditions, development of agriculture and increasingly complex human social structures set the stage for a dramatic increase in human population around 3,900 to 3,500 years ago.
Notification of Exposure: A Contact Tracer's Guide for COVID-19
A Contact Tracer's Guide for COVID-19 focuses on communication strategies for contact interviews and provides suggested language for each topic area covered in an interview.
Older Adults
Older adults, 65 years and older, are at higher risk for severe illness. COVID-19 is a new disease and we are learning more about it every day.
If You Are Pregnant, Breastfeeding, or Caring for Young Children
We do not have information from published scientific reports about the susceptibility of pregnant women to COVID-19.
Resources Page
Virtual forum to support COVID-19 vaccination efforts. The National Forum on COVID-19 Vaccine aims to ensure the exchange of information. It will provide practical information on the most effective strategies for building trust in COVID-19 vaccination, using data effectively to optimize vaccine implementation, and maximizing equitable access to vaccine.
COVID-19 in Children and Teens
What you need to know about COVID-19 in children and teens, and what you can do if your child gets sick.
COVID-19 Contact Tracing Communications Toolkit for Health Departments
This toolkit will help health departments develop their communications with communities about COVID-19 contact tracing.
Contact Tracing for COVID-19
This section provides steps and consideration that jurisdictions can use to develop a protocol for the tracing of close contacts.
Interim Guidelines for Collecting, Handling, and Testing Clinical Specimens for COVID-19
Health care providers should contact their local/state health department immediately to notify them of patients with fever and lower respiratory illness who they suspect may have COVID-19.
COVID Data Tracker Weekly Review
A review of the week's key data from CDC's COVID Data Tracker, narrative interpretations, and visualizations.
COVID-19 Overview and Infection Prevention and Control Priorities in Non-US Healthcare Settings
Infection prevention and control information for non-US healthcare settings and non-US national government officials working on COVID-19 response.
Air Travel Toolkit for Airline Partners
Communication Toolkit for Airlines to inform Travelers and Crew
Road Travel Toolkit for Transportation Partners
Communication Toolkit for Transportation Partners to Inform Road Travelers
Information about COVID-19 Vaccines for People with Allergies
If you've had an allergic to any ingredient in an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, you shouldn't get either of the currently available mRNA COVID-19 vaccines.
Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Triage of Suspected COVID-19 Patients in non-US Healthcare Settings: Early Identification and Prevention of Transmission during Triage
Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Triage of Suspected COIVD-19 Patients in non-US Healthcare Settings
Study finds short window for donating convalescent plasma to COVID-19 patients
The optimal timeframe for donating convalescent plasma for use in COVID-19 immunotherapy, which was given emergency use authorization by the Food and Drug Administration in August 2020, is within 60 days of the onset of symptoms, according to a new study. The research also reveals that the ideal convalescent plasma donor is a recovered COVID-19 patient who is older than 30 and whose illness had been severe.
Mortality rises among public when health workers get sick in an outbreak, model suggests
When healthcare workers become ill during a disease outbreak, overall case counts and mortality rates may significantly increase, according to a new model. The findings may help to improve interventions that aim to mitigate the effects of outbreaks such as COVID-19.
What to do when a mammogram shows swollen lymph nodes in women just vaccinated for COVID
When women undergo breast imaging shortly after receiving a COVID-19 vaccine in the arm, their tests may show swollen lymph nodes in the armpit area. Radiologists say that this is usually a normal finding, and if there are no other concerns, no additional imaging tests are needed unless the lymph nodes remain swollen for more than six weeks after vaccination. The team has published an approach to help avoid delays in both vaccinations and breast cancer screening.
Contact Tracing Steps - Infographic
This webpage shares the steps taken by health departments to conduct contact tracing for both individuals who have been diagnosed with and exposed to COVID-19.
COVID-19 Vaccines and Severe Allergic Reactions
CDC has learned of reports that some people have experienced severe allergic reactions-also known as anaphylaxis-after getting a COVID-19 vaccine. As an example, an allergic reaction is considered severe when a person needs to be treated with epinephrine or EpiPen© or if they must go to the hospital. If you get a COVID-19 vaccine and you think you might be having a severe allergic reaction after leaving the vaccination site, seek immediate medical care by calling 911.
четверг, 25 февраля 2021 г.
Reopening Guidance for Cleaning and Disinfecting Public Spaces, Workplaces, Businesses, Schools, and Homes
Guidance for cleaning and disinfecting public spaces, workplaces, businesses, schools, and homes.
Steps Healthcare Facilities Can Take Now to Prepare for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Steps that healthcare facilities can take to prepare for an outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) among patients and staff.
Migration and Border Health
The objective of screening is to reduce the international spread of communicable disease by detecting departing travelers who are sick or who have been exposed to the disease and preventing them from leaving the country they are in (exit screening) or by detecting them upon arrival and directing them to appropriate care and follow up, as needed (entry screening).
Considerations for Health Screening for COVID-19 at Points of Entry
This document is meant to assist Ministries of Health and their point-of-entry (POE) partners in determining whether and how to conduct traveler screening at POE for coronavirus (COVID-19).
Interim Operational Considerations for Public Health Management of Healthcare Workers Exposed to or Infected with COVID-19: non-US Healthcare Settings
These recommendations are intended to be used by healthcare facilities and public health authorities in non-US healthcare settings, particularly focusing on low- and middle-income countries, assisting with the management of HCWs exposed to a person with confirmed or suspected COVID-19.
New shape-changing 4D materials hold promise for morphodynamic tissue engineering
New hydrogel-based materials that can change shape in response to psychological stimuli, such as water, could be the next generation of materials used to bioengineer tissues and organs, according to a team of researchers.
Sulfur metabolism may have paved the way for evolution of multicellularity
When the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum runs out of food, sulfur limitation drives its development from a unicellular to a multicellular organism. Researchers now present the nutrient signaling pathways in this early eukaryote in great detail. Their results show how metabolism may have played a crucial role in the origins of multicellularity. Moreover, the findings also have therapeutic implications for more complex organisms such as humans. Targeting sulfur metabolism in cancer cells may enhance anti-tumor immunity.
Scientists capture the choreography of a developing brain
The formation of a brain is one of nature's most staggeringly complex accomplishments. The intricate intermingling of neurons and a labyrinth of connections also make it a particularly difficult feat for scientists to study. Now researchers have devised a strategy that allows them to see this previously impenetrable process unfold in a living animal -- the worm Caenorhabditis elegans.
Publications about COVID-19 for Laboratories
Publications from CDC lab professionals during the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak.
Southern California COVID-19 strain rapidly expands global reach
A new strain of the coronavirus in Southern California is rapidly spreading across the country and around the world as travelers apparently carry the virus with them to a growing list of global destinations, according to new research. The strain now accounts for nearly half of current COVID-19 cases in Southern California.
Mechanism by which exercise strengthens bones and immunity
Scientists have identified the specialized environment, known as a niche, in the bone marrow where new bone and immune cells are produced. The study also shows that movement-induced stimulation is required for the maintenance of this niche, as well as the bone and immune-forming cells that it contains. Together, these findings identify a new way that exercise strengthens bones and immune function.
How to neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 virus
In the absence of effective treatments for COVID-19, many countries have approved the therapeutic use of blood plasma from recovering patients because it contains antibodies against the coronavirus. But not every type of antibody can neutralize the virus and render it noninfectious. New research explores variation in virus neutralization capabilities, which can vary widely by type of antibody.
Politicized pandemic shaped compliance with social distancing
Politicization of the COVID-19 pandemic had a powerful influence over adherence to social distancing guidelines in the United States and why people did, or did not, comply during the lockdown days, a new study has found.
Atheists and believers both have moral compasses, but with key differences
A new study suggests that, while atheists and theists share moral values related to protecting vulnerable individuals, atheists are less likely to endorse values that promote group cohesion and more inclined to judge the morality of actions based on their consequences.
Researchers use machine learning to identify autism blood biomarkers
Using machine learning tools to analyze hundreds of proteins, researchers have identified a group of biomarkers in blood that could lead to an earlier diagnosis of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and, in turn, more effective therapies sooner.
COVID-19 isolation linked to increased domestic violence, researchers suggest
Extra stress in the COVID-19 pandemic caused by income loss, and lack of ability to pay for housing and food has exacerbated the often silent epidemic of intimate partner violence, a new study suggests.
After spread, travel bans are of limited value in thwarting the spread of COVID-19, researchers find
New research aimed at providing a decision support system to Italian policy makers suggests that reducing individual activity (i.e., social distancing, closure of non-essential business, etc.) is far superior in controlling the dissemination of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.
Scientists uncover new details of SARS-CoV-2 interactions with human cells
In order to infect cells, SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, needs to insert itself into the membrane of human cells. New molecular models show what parts of SARS-CoV-2 are critical for that interaction, revealing new potential drug targets.
Antibodies recognize and attack different SARS-CoV-2 spike shapes
The spikes on the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19, change shapes. New research reveals ways that antibodies can recognize these different shapes and block the virus and informs the design of vaccines and antiviral therapies.
How SARS-CoV-2's sugar-coated shield helps activate the virus
SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is coated with sugars called glycans, which help it evade the immune system. New research shows precisely how those sugars help the virus become activated and infectious and could help with vaccine and drug discovery.
Why some coronavirus strains are more infectious than others
The coronaviruses that cause SARS and COVID-19 have spike proteins that move into 'active' and 'inactive' positions. New research indicates how those molecular movements may make the COVID-19 virus more infectious compared to the SARS virus.
COVID-19 Vaccine Communication Toolkit for Essential Workers: Getting Started
The CDC has designed a toolkit to help community-based organizations (CBOs) educate communities about new COVID-19 vaccines.
Selected Adverse Events Reported after COVID-19 Vaccination
COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective. Millions of people in the United States have received COVID-19 vaccines, and these vaccines will undergo the most intensive safety monitoring in U.S. history. CDC recommends you get a COVID-19 vaccine as soon as you are eligible. Adverse events described on this page have been reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS).
среда, 24 февраля 2021 г.
For Parents: Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19
Information for parents about a condition associated with COVID-19 called Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C).
New experiences enhance learning by resetting key brain circuit
A study of spatial learning in mice shows that exposure to new experiences dampens established representations in the brain's hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, allowing the mice to learn new navigation strategies.
Changes in writing style provide clues to group identity
Small changes to people's writing style can reveal which social group they 'belong to' at a given moment, new research shows.
Recycle anaesthetics to reduce carbon emission of healthcare, study concludes
New research has highlighted the value of recycling general anaesthetic used in routine operations.
New gene-editing tool allows for programming of sequential edits over time
Researchers have discovered a new gene-editing technique that allows for the programming of sequential cuts -- or edits -- over time.
Reclusive neutron star may have been found in famous supernova
Since astronomers captured the bright explosion of a star on February 24, 1987, researchers have been searching for the squashed stellar core that should have been left behind. A group of astronomers using data from NASA space missions and ground-based telescopes may have finally found it.
People with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may have low risk of future infection, study finds
People who have had evidence of a prior infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, appear to be well protected against being reinfected with the virus, at least for a few months, according to a new study. This finding may explain why reinfection appears to be relatively rare, and it could have important public health implications.
Human lung and brain organoids respond differently to SARS-CoV-2 infection in lab tests
Researchers are using stem cell-derived organoids to study how SARS-CoV-2 interacts with various organ systems. Their findings may help explain the wide variety in COVID-19 symptoms and aid the search for therapies.
Kittens could hold key to understanding deadly diarrheal disease in children
Kittens could be the model for understanding infectious, sometimes deadly, diarrheal disease in both animals and children.
Measuring hemoglobin levels with AI microscope, microfluidic chips
A complete blood count can help ascertain the health of a patient and typically includes an estimate of the hemoglobin concentration, which can indicate several conditions, including anemia, polycythemia, and pulmonary fibrosis. Researchers describe a AI-powered imaging-based tool to estimate hemoglobin levels. The setup was developed in conjunction with a microfluidic chip and an AI-powered automated microscope that was designed for deriving the total as well as differential counts of blood cells.
Frequently Asked Questions about Coronavirus (COVID-19) for Laboratories
Answers to frequently asked questions regarding laboratory testing, biosafety and COVID-19.
COVID-19 Forecasts: Hospitalizations
Learn about COVID-19 forecasts and modeling for new hospitalizations.
Previous COVID-19 Forecasts: Hospitalizations
Learn about COVID-19 forecasts and modeling for new hospitalizations.
Coronavirus Self-Checker
Coronavirus Self-Checker is a tool to help you make decisions on when to seek testing and appropriate medical care.
Frequently Asked Questions
Most confirmed cases of COVID-19 reported from China have occurred in adults.
Improve the Fit and Filtration of Your Mask to Reduce the Spread of COVID-19
Learn what to consider regarding the fit and diltration of your mask.
COVID-19 Forecasts: Deaths
CDC works with partners to bring together weekly forecasts for COVID-19 deaths in one place. These forecasts have been developed independently and shared publicly. It is important to bring these forecasts together to help understand how they compare with each other and how much uncertainty there is about what may happen in the upcoming four weeks.
Previous Forecasts of Total Deaths
Forecasts show national and state level cumulative reported and predicted deaths since the beginning of the pandemic.
вторник, 23 февраля 2021 г.
How CDC is responding to SARS-CoV-2 variants globally
View a map showing reported SARS-CoV-2 variants from around the world. The map will be updated weekly, with data provided by the WHO.
Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Healthcare Personnel During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
Guidance for healthcare professionals who have the potential for direct or indirect exposure to patients or infectious materials.
Crew Disembarkations through Commercial Travel
This webpage describes the criteria for and status of cruise ship response plans required for crew disembarkation with commercial travel.
Types of Masks
Masks help stop the spread of COVID-19 to others. Find out how to wear, clean, and make masks.
How CDC Determines the Level of a Country's COVID-19 Travel Health Notice
CDC notifies travelers and other audiences about health threats in destinations around the world through Travel Health Notices (THN). During the COVID-19 pandemic, CDC has also provided an interactive world map specifically showing COVID-19 travel recommendations by country.
Cleaning, Disinfection, and Hand Hygiene in Schools - a Toolkit for School Administrators
Cleaning, Disinfection, and Hand Hygiene in Schools
Prioritizing Case Investigations and Contact Tracing for COVID-19 in High Burden Jurisdictions
This new guidance further refines prioritization recommendations and presents emerging modeling data regarding timeframes for effectiveness.
Toolkit for Tribal Communities
COVID-19 guidance and tools to help tribal organizations make decisions, communicate with their members, and protect their families and communities.
What to Expect after Getting a COVID-19 Vaccine
COVID-19 vaccination will help protect you from getting COVID-19. You may have some side effects, which are a normal sign that your body is building protection. These side effects may affect your ability to do daily activities, but they should go away in a few days.
понедельник, 22 февраля 2021 г.
How to Select, Wear, and Clean Your Mask
COVID-19 spreads mainly from person to person through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people who are nearby or possibly be inhaled into the lungs.
COVID-19 Published Science and Research
CDC is learning more about how COVID-19 spreads and affects people and communities. Read more about what we're finding out in our CDC publications, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report and Emerging Infectious Diseases.
Operational Considerations for the Identification of Healthcare Workers and Inpatients with Suspected COVID-19 in non-US Healthcare Settings
Guidance for the Identification of Healthcare Workers and Inpatients with Suspected COVID-19 in non-US Healthcare Settings
Global Clinical Mitigation
Strategies to ensure adequate provision of care for mildly to moderately ill COVID-19 patients, and delivery of other non-COVID-19 essential health services during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Contact Tracing Workflow in a non-US setting
This document is intended to be professionally generated as a job aid for distribution via CDC country offices to local Ministries of Health or National Public Health Institutes with the intent to be given to facilities with frontline healthcare workers doing contact tracing, case investigations, community outreach, or in other ways working with potential contacts. It is meant to serve as a visualization for these individuals to understand the contact tracing process flow, the need for daily monitoring of all contacts, and what will cause the need for a case investigation.
Vaccines
Learn about COVID-19 vaccine planning, how vaccine recommendations will be made, and the work going into ensuring the safety of COVID-19 vaccines.
Toolkit for Pregnant People and New Parents
Resources and tools to help pregnant people, breastfeeding women and new parents caring for infants to protect their health and help people who serve these communities communicate with them.
eCR Now: COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting for Healthcare Providers
Learn about how healthcare providers can report COVID-19 cases.
воскресенье, 21 февраля 2021 г.
Resources Page
Virtual forum to support COVID-19 vaccination efforts. The National Forum on COVID-19 Vaccine aims to ensure the exchange of information. It will provide practical information on the most effective strategies for building trust in COVID-19 vaccination, using data effectively to optimize vaccine implementation, and maximizing equitable access to vaccine.
суббота, 20 февраля 2021 г.
Depression, anxiety, loneliness are peaking in college students
New nationwide survey data uncovers college students' current mental health challenges and needs.
Contact Tracing Resources for Health Departments
CDC general principles for COVID and what CDC is doing to support contact tracing.
пятница, 19 февраля 2021 г.
Discovery of biomarker could help predict Alzheimer's years before symptoms emerge
A unique brain protein measured in the blood could be used to diagnose Alzheimer's disease decades before symptoms develop, according to new Edith Cowan University (ECU) research.
Boys who play video games have lower depression risk
Boys who regularly play video games at age 11 are less likely to develop depressive symptoms three years later, finds a new study.
Antibody response may drive COVID-19 outcomes
Researchers show that levels of specific antibodies developed in the immune response may influence COVID-19 outcomes in both children and adults.
Deep learning may help doctors choose better lung cancer treatments
Researchers have developed a deep learning model that, in certain conditions, is more than 71 percent accurate in predicting survival expectancy of lung cancer patients, significantly better than traditional machine learning models that the team tested. The other machine learning models the team tested had about a 61 percent accuracy rate.
Shale gas development in PA increases exposure of some to air pollutants
Air pollution levels may have exceeded air quality standards during the development of some Marcellus Shale natural gas wells in Pennsylvania, potentially impacting more than 36,000 people in one year alone during the drilling boom, according to scientists.
Preschoolers with higher cardiorespiratory fitness do better on cognitive tests
Researchers report that 4-6-year-old children who walk further than their peers during a timed test - a method used to estimate cardiorespiratory health - also do better on cognitive tests and other measures of brain function. The study suggests that the link between cardiorespiratory fitness and cognitive health is evident even earlier in life than previously appreciated.
Magnetic attraction: Breakthrough test for malaria
After nearly a decade of research, a new test that detects the magnetic properties of malaria-infected blood could soon be used to help eliminate the mosquito-borne disease.
A new piece of the HIV infection puzzle explored
Researchers combine high-resolution imaging to observe the infection process in cell nuclei, opening the door for new therapeutics.
Cell-free DNA in urine as potential method for cancer detection
What if a simple urine sample could detect cancer in its very earliest stages when the disease responds more favorably to treatment and improved outcomes are more likely? That was the question posed by scientists who have found a way of zeroing in on early-stage cancer by analyzing short strands of cell-free DNA in urine.
Irregular sleep schedules connected to bad moods and depression, study shows
Irregular sleep schedules can affect mood and risk of developing symptoms of depression according to a study of first-year medical residents that used Fitbits and smartphones.
UK hospital admissions for food-induced anaphylaxis triple over 20 year period but death rate falls
The rate of people who are admitted to hospital in the UK due to a serious allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) caused by food has more than tripled over a 20-year period. Despite this, the death rate from food-induced anaphylaxis halved over the same period, according to new research.
CDC's Operational Strategy for K-12 Schools through Phased Mitigation
This operational strategy presents a pathway to reopen schools and help them remain open through consistent use of mitigation strategies, especially universal and correct use of masks and physical distancing.
четверг, 18 февраля 2021 г.
Cone snail venom shows potential for treating severe malaria
Using venom from a cone snail, a new study suggests these conotoxins may potentially treat malaria. The study provides important leads toward the development of new and cost-effective anti-adhesion or blockade-therapy drugs aimed at counteracting the pathology of severe malaria. Similarly, mitigation of emerging diseases like COVID-19 also could benefit from conotoxins as potential inhibitors of protein-protein interactions as treatment. Venom peptides from cone snails has the potential to treat myriad diseases using blockage therapies.
Impact of COVID-19 in Africa 'vastly underestimated', warn researchers
The impact of COVID-19 in Africa has been vastly underestimated, warn researchers in a new study that showed that COVID-19 deaths accounted for 15 to 20 percent of all sampled deaths -- many more than official reports suggest and contradicting the widely held view that COVID-19 has largely skipped Africa and had little impact.
Damage to the heart found in more than half of COVID-19 patients discharged from hospital
Around 50 percent of patients who have been hospitalized with severe COVID-19 and who show raised levels of a protein called troponin have damage to their hearts. The injury was detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans at least a month after discharge, according to new findings.
Learning from prostate cancer-detecting dogs to improve diagnostic tests
New research demonstrates the ability of dogs to detect aggressive prostate cancer from urine samples and suggests that an artificial neural network could learn from this olfactory ability, with an eye toward replicating it in novel detection tools.
Radiological images confirm 'COVID-19 can cause the body to attack itself'
Muscle soreness and achy joints are common symptoms among COVID-19 patients. But for some people, symptoms are more severe, long lasting and even bizarre, including rheumatoid arthritis flares, autoimmune myositis or 'COVID toes.' A new has confirmed and illustrated the causes of these symptoms through radiological imaging.
Interim Guidance on Developing a COVID-19 Case Investigation & Contact Tracing Plan: Overview
Interim Guidance on Developing a COVID-19 Case Investigation & Contact Tracing Plan: Overview
Gut microbiome implicated in healthy aging and longevity
The gut microbiome is an integral component of the body, but its importance in the human aging process is unclear. Researchers have identified distinct signatures in the gut microbiome that are associated with either healthy or unhealthy aging trajectories, which in turn predict survival in a population of older individuals.
Pandemic got you down? A little nature could help
Researchers have long been aware of the positive impact of a connection with nature on psychological health and, according to a new study, the pandemic hasn't decreased the power of nature to improve mental well-being.
Genetics may play role in determining immunity to COVID-19
Researchers report that individual immune response to SARS-CoV-2 may be limited by a set of variable genes that code for cell surface proteins essential for the adaptive immune system. The finding may help explain why COVID-19 immunity varies by individual.
Combination therapy suppresses pancreatic tumor growth in mice
Researchers have uncovered a potential new way to target pancreatic tumors that express high intratumoral interferon signaling (IFN).
'Classic triad' of symptoms misses positive COVID-19 cases, study finds
Extending the symptoms that trigger a PCR test for COVID-19 could help detect around a third more cases of the disease, new research shows.
The original antigenic sin: How childhood infections could shape pandemics
A child's first influenza infection shapes their immunity to future airborne flu viruses - including emerging pandemic strains. But not all flu strains spur the same initial immune defense, according to new findings published today. The results are relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic, according to the senior author, who says they may explain age-based distributions of SARS-CoV-2 disease severity and susceptibility.
Summary for Healthcare Facilities: Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of N95 Respirators during the COVID-19 Response
Checklist for Healthcare Facilities: Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of N95 Respirators during the COVID-19 Response
Discontinuation of Isolation for Persons with COVID -19 Not in Healthcare Settings
Limited information is available to characterize the spectrum of clinical illness, transmission efficiency, and the duration of viral shedding for persons with novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This guidance is based on available information about COVID-19 and subject to change as additional information becomes available.
Use of Masks to Help Slow the Spread of COVID-19
Use of Cloth Face Coverings to Help Slow the Spread of COVID-19
Strategies to Mitigate Healthcare Personnel Staffing Shortages
This guidance is to assist healthcare facilities in mitigating healthcare personnel staffing shortages that might occur because of COVID-19.
Improve the Fit and Filtration of Your Mask to Reduce the Spread of COVID-19
Learn what to consider regarding the fit and diltration of your mask.
Real-time dialogue with a dreaming person is possible
Dreams take us to what feels like a different reality. They also happen while we're fast asleep. So, you might not expect that a person in the midst of a vivid dream would be able to perceive questions and provide answers to them. But a new study shows that, in fact, they can.
A 'twisted elevator' could be key to understanding neurological diseases
For the first time, researchers have found one of the most important molecular machines in our cells uses a 'twisting elevator' mechanism, solving a mystery of how it transports crucial chemical signals from one cell to another.
COVID-19 Testing Overview
If you are a close contact of someone with COVID-19 or you are a resident in a community where there is ongoing spread of COVID-19 and develop symptoms of COVID-19, call your healthcare provider and tell them about your symptoms and your exposure.
Long-term, heavy coffee consumption and CVD risk
In a world first genetic study, researchers found that that long-term, heavy coffee consumption - six or more cups a day - can increase the amount of lipids (fats) in your blood to significantly heighten your risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
среда, 17 февраля 2021 г.
Never-before-seen antibody binding, informing liver cancer, antibody design
In structural biology, some molecules are so unusual they can only be captured with a unique set of tools. That's precisely how a team defined how antibodies can recognize a compound called phosphohistidine -- a highly unstable molecule that has been found to play a central role in some forms of cancer.
3D microscopy clarifies understanding of body's immune response to obesity
Researchers who focus on fat know that some adipose tissue is more prone to inflammation-related comorbidities than others, but the reasons why are not well understood. Thanks to a new analytical technique, scientists are getting a clearer view of the microenvironments found within adipose tissue associated with obesity. This advance may illuminate why some adipose tissues are more prone to inflammation - leading to diseases like type 2 diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disorders - and help direct future drug therapies to treat obesity.
New possibilities to prevent sudden cardiac death
An assistant professor of biomedical sciences has developed a better understanding of the pathological characteristics behind arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, as well as promising avenues for prevention.
Medication keeps more patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis in remission than steroids
Avacopan, which targets a receptor that attracts the cells that cause inflammation, was shown to be more effective at keeping patients in remission for a year than prednisone.
Toward a disease-sniffing device that rivals a dog's nose
A new system can detect the chemical and microbial content of an air sample with even greater sensitivity than a dog's nose. Researchers coupled this to a machine-learning process that can identify the distinctive characteristics of the disease-bearing samples.
Most teen bullying occurs among peers climbing the social ladder
New findings suggest why anti-bullying programs don't work. A new study demonstrates that teens' rivals are often their own friends.
New link between personality and risk of early death
Ground-breaking research has revealed for the first time that the immune system directly links personality to long-term risk of early death.
Proton therapy induces biologic response to attack treatment-resistant cancers
Researchers have developed a novel proton therapy technique to more specifically target cancer cells that resist other forms of treatment. The technique is called LEAP, an acronym for 'biologically enhanced particle therapy.'
Do sweat it! Wearable microfluidic sensor to measure lactate concentration in real time
Lactate, a compound present in sweat, is an important biomarker to quantify during exercise. However, available wearable sensors can cause skin irritation, which calls for the use of different materials. In a recent study, scientists have developed a soft and nonirritating microfluidic sensor for the real-time measurement of lactate concentration in sweat. This wearable device will help monitor the state of the body during intense physical exercise or work.
Fish diet heats up marine biodiversity hotspot
A never-before-seen biodiversity pattern of coral reef fishes suggests some fishes might be exceptionally vulnerable to environmental change. It highlights, for the first time, a unique link between the diet and distribution of species across the marine realm.
Researchers develop tiny sensor for measuring subtle pressure changes inside the body
Researchers have developed an extremely sensitive miniaturized optical fiber sensor that could one day be used to measure small pressure changes in the body.
You snooze, you lose - with some sleep trackers
Wearable sleep tracking devices - from Fitbit to Apple Watch to never-heard-of brands stashed away in the electronics clearance bin - have infiltrated the market at a rapid pace in recent years. And like any consumer products, not all sleep trackers are created equal, according to neuroscientists.
Identifying 'ugly ducklings' to catch skin cancer earlier
A deep learning-based system enables dermatologist-level identification of suspicious skin lesions from smartphone photos, allowing better screening.
What to Expect after Getting a COVID-19 Vaccine
COVID-19 vaccination will help protect you from getting COVID-19. You may have some side effects, which are a normal sign that your body is building protection. These side effects may affect your ability to do daily activities, but they should go away in a few days.
Making swimming pools safer by reducing chlorine disinfection byproducts
Swimming in indoor or outdoor pools is a healthy form of exercise and recreation for many people. However, studies have linked compounds that arise from chlorine disinfection of the pools to respiratory problems, including asthma, in avid swimmers. Now, researchers have found that using a complementary form of disinfection, known as copper-silver ionization (CSI), can decrease disinfection byproducts and cell toxicity of chlorinated swimming pool water.
The market advantage of a feminine brand name
Linguistically feminine brand names are perceived by consumers as warmer and are therefore better liked and more frequently chosen.
Combination treatment for common glioma type shows promise in mice
Gliomas are common brain tumors that comprise about one third of all cancers of the nervous system. Researchers tested a novel combination treatment approach on mice with tumors with characteristics similar to human astrocytomas and found tumor regression in 60 percent of the mice treated. These encouraging results could be the first step toward developing a treatment for this type of brain cancer.
Protect Yourself When Using Transportation
As schools, businesses, and community organizations begin providing services, consider ways that you can protect yourself and slow the spread of COVID-19 when using transportation.
Travel during the COVID-19 Pandemic
There are several things to consider when deciding whether it is safe for you to travel in the United States. This includes the following: is COVID-19 spreading where you're going, will you be in close contact with others, are you at higher risk of severe illness if you do get COVID-19, do you have a plan for taking time off from work or school, do you live with someone who is older or has a severe chronic health condition, and is COVID-19 spreading where you live?
Testing and International Air Travel
Testing 1-3 days before and 2-5 days after travel may reduce the risk of spreading COVID-19. Testing does not eliminate all risk, but when combined with everyday precautions like wearing masks, social distancing, and handwashing, it can make travel safer by reducing spread on planes and in airports and at travelers' destinations.
Variation in intensity of fracture-associated prescription drug use
A new study reveals that there is substantial variation across different regions of the country in the intensity of fracture-associated drug use among long-term care residents, and that areas with greater use of these prescription drugs experience higher fracture rates.
Challenge to anorexia nervosa treatment guidelines
New analysis has shown a lack of strong evidence to support current guidance on psychological therapies for treating anorexia nervosa over expert treatment as usual. The findings highlight a need for further research and support a call for individual trial data to be made available so the benefits of treatments in specific patient populations can be better understood.
Mathematical modeling to identify factors that determine adaptive therapy success
Researchers report results from their study using mathematical modeling to show that cell turnover impacts drug resistance and is an important factor that governs the success of adaptive therapy.
Partners' company helps us stay connected during pandemic
A pair of studies reveal that living with a romantic partner helps people feel more socially connected during COVID-19. But no other pandemic-era social dynamic carries notable benefits, the researchers found.
Antibody-based COVID-19 treatments work best in concert with immune cells
Antibody-based drugs have been authorized for emergency use in COVID-19 patients by the Food and Drug Administration. Researchers have discovered that the ability to interact with other elements of the immune system is an indispensable part of the effectiveness of such antibodies. The findings could help improve the design of the next generation of antibody-based COVID-19 drugs.
вторник, 16 февраля 2021 г.
Radioactive bone cement may be safer in treating spinal tumors
A radioactive bone cement that's injected into bone to provide support and local irradiation is proving to be a safer alternative to conventional radiation therapy for bone tumors, according to a new study.
Genetic study of Lewy body dementia supports ties to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases
Scientists found that five genes may play a critical role in determining whether a person will suffer from Lewy body dementia, a devastating disorder that riddles the brain with clumps of abnormal protein deposits called Lewy bodies. The results also supported the disorder's ties to Parkinson's and Alzheimer diseases.
Differences in walking patterns could predict type of cognitive decline in older adults
Researchers are studying how different patterns in the way older adults walk could more accurately diagnose different types of dementia and identify Alzheimer's disease.
Individual differences in Achilles tendon shape can affect susceptibility to injury
Individual variation in the shape and structure of the Achilles tendon may influence our susceptibility to injury later in life.
Internet access spending in public schools increases test scores, but also disciplinary problems
In a new study from the University of Notre Dame, researchers quantify how school district connectivity increases test scores, but underscore the dark side of technology -- increased behavior problems.
How CDC is responding to SARS-CoV-2 variants globally
View a map showing reported SARS-CoV-2 variants from around the world. The map will be updated weekly, with data provided by the WHO.
Early step toward leukemia drug therapy
The team has discovered that for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, there is a dopamine receptor pathway that becomes abnormally activated in the cancer stem cells. This inspired the clinical investigation of a dopamine receptor-inhibiting drug thioridazine as a new therapy for patients, and their focus on adult AML has revealed encouraging results.
Star employees get most of the credit - and blame
Working with a 'star' employee - someone who demonstrates exceptional performance and enjoys broad visibility relative to industry peers - offers both risks and rewards, according to new research.
Asthma may heighten flu risk and cause dangerous mutations
A subtype of asthma in adults may cause higher susceptibility to influenza and could result in dangerous flu mutations. Animal studies have found that paucigranulocytic asthma (PGA) - a non-allergic form of the condition - allows the flu virus to flourish in greater numbers in sufferers.
Health survey conveys messages on how we should live
The questions in a health survey aimed at young people raise issues of status and convey norms about what people should own and how they should be. Since the 1980s, the physical and mental health of Swedish children and young people has been measured by way of surveys. One of these is the international "Health Behavior in School-aged Children Survey" which is taken by 11-, 13- and 15-year-olds every fourth year during a class in school.
Cataracts: New model explains origins of the eye condition
Cataracts are the most common eye ailment in humans. However, the exact processes leading to this condition are not fully understood. A team of researchers has now discovered that the composition of the protein solution plays a decisive role. Their conclusions are contrary to prevailing opinion in the field.
It takes two to tango: When cells interact
When normal, motile cells come into contact, they typically change direction to avoid collision. But cancer cells behave quite differently. A new statistical analysis sheds light on the basis for this difference.
COVID-19 Vaccine FAQs in Correctional and Detention Centers
Frequently asked questions about COVID-19 vaccination in correctional and detention centers. For general information about COVID-19 vaccine, please see the CDC COVID-19 Vaccine Information page.
Implementation of Mitigation Strategies for Communities with Local COVID-19 Transmission
Community Mitigation Framework
Healthcare Facilities That Have Implemented COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting
Healthcare Facilities That Have Implemented COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting
Existing heart failure drug may treat potential COVID-19 long-hauler symptom, study suggests
A new clinical trial suggests that ivabradine may be effective in treating postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, a potential COVID-19 long-hauler symptom.
Campylobacter strains exchange genes, can become more virulent and antibiotic resistant
Campylobacter bacteria persist throughout poultry production, and two of the most common strains are exchanging genetic material, which could result in more antibiotic-resistant and infectious Campylobacter strains.
To improve immunotherapy, researchers look to shift immune cells' access to sugar
New research suggests that a way to improve immunotherapy is by altering immune cells' access to sugar.
Unlocking the mystery behind skeletal aging
Researchers have identified the role a critical enzyme plays in skeletal aging and bone loss, putting them one step closer to understanding the complex biological mechanisms that lead to osteoporosis, the bone disease that afflicts some 200 million people worldwide. Findings could hold an important key to developing more effective treatments for osteoporosis and improving the lives of an aging population.
Regular caffeine consumption affects brain structure
Coffee, cola or an energy drink: caffeine is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive substance. Researchers have now shown in a study that regular caffeine intake can change the gray matter of the brain. However, the effect appears to be temporary.
Researchers develop algorithm to find possible misdiagnosis
Researchers have developed an algorithm that can identify patients who may have been wrongly diagnosed. With the help of digital disease history, the algorithm is able to register disease trajectories that differ so much from normal trajectories that there may be a misdiagnosis. The algorithm has been developed on the basis of data from several hundreds of thousands of COPD patients.
Promising biomarkers to diagnose mild traumatic brain injury
Certain plasma microRNAs could serve as diagnostic biomarkers in mild traumatic brain injury, a new study shows. The biomarkers were discovered in an animal model and they were successfully used also to diagnose mild traumatic brain injury in a subgroup of patients.
Photosynthetic bacteria-based cancer optotheranostics
Natural purple photosynthetic bacteria (PPSB) can play a key role as a highly active cancer immunotheranostics agent that uses the bio-optical-window I and II near-infrared (NIR) light. PPSB have high tumor specificity and non-pathogenicity. Active anticancer efficacy and powerful multi-functions such as NIR-I-to-NIR-II fluorescence, photothermal conversion, reactive oxygen species generation, and contrasty photoacoustic effect, can be expressed using NIR light exposure to PPSB.
Counterintuitive approach may improve eyewitness identification
Experts have devised a novel approach to selecting photos for police lineups that helps witnesses identify culprits more reliably.
A machine-learning approach to finding treatment options for COVID-19
Researchers have developed a machine-learning approach to identify drugs that could be repurposed to fight COVID-19. The advance could boost clinical trial efforts, and it could be adapted to a broader range of diseases.
Interim Clinical Guidance for Management of Patients with Confirmed Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)
Clinicians, discover how you can best care for your hospitalized patients with a confirmed infection caused by novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19).
Requirement for Proof of Negative COVID-19 Test or Recovery from COVID-19 for All Air Passengers Arriving in the United States
Information and frequently asked questions about requirement for proof of negative COVID-19 test or recovery from COVID-19 for all air passengers arriving in the United States
Ensuring the Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines in the United States
Safety is a top priority for COVID-19 vaccines. Learn how the U.S. vaccine safety system is ensuring the safety of COVID-19 vaccines.
Answer quickly to be believed
When people pause before replying to a question, even for just a few seconds, their answers are perceived to be less sincere and credible than if they had replied immediately, according to new research.
TB study reveals potential targets to treat and control infection
Researchers may have found a new pathway to treat and control tuberculosis (TB), the disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq), a next-generation sequencing technology, scientists were able to further define the mechanisms that lead to TB infection and latency.
Brief survey tool tracks symptoms, aids in evaluating effectiveness of treatment
Researchers have developed and validated, SymTrak-8, a short questionnaire to help patients report symptoms and assist healthcare providers in assessing the severity of symptoms, and in monitoring and adjusting treatment accordingly.
Drinking, smoking, and drug use linked to premature heart disease in the young
Recreational drinking, smoking, and drug use is linked to premature heart disease in young people, particularly younger women.
Large-scale study finds genetic testing technology falsely detects very rare variants
A technology that is widely used by commercial genetic testing companies is 'extremely unreliable' in detecting very rare variants, meaning results suggesting individuals carry rare disease-causing genetic variants are usually wrong, according to new research.
Holiday Tips
Winter holiday gatherings with family and friends are fun but can increase the chances of getting or spreading COVID-19 or the flu. Follow these tips to make your winter holidays safer.
понедельник, 15 февраля 2021 г.
New surgery may enable better control of prosthetic limbs
Researchers and surgeons have devised a new type of amputation surgery that can help amputees better control their residual muscles and receive sensory feedback. This restored sense of proprioception should translate to better control of prosthetic limbs, as well as reduction of limb pain, the researchers say.
Cheap, potent pathway to pandemic therapeutics
By capitalizing on a convergence of chemical, biological and artificial intelligence advances, scientists have developed an unusually fast and efficient method for discovering tiny antibody fragments with big potential for development into therapeutics against deadly diseases.
New immunotherapy target discovered for malignant brain tumors
Scientists say they have discovered a potential new target for immunotherapy of malignant brain tumors, which so far have resisted the ground-breaking cancer treatment based on harnessing the body's immune system. The discovery emerged from laboratory experiments and has no immediate implications for treating patients.
Aspirin preferred to prevent blood clots in kids after heart surgery, study suggests
Aspirin should be favoured over warfarin to prevent blood clotting in children who undergo a surgery that replumbs their hearts, according to a new study.
Commuters are inhaling unacceptably high levels of carcinogens
New research shows the average commuter in California is breathing unsustainably high levels of benzene and formaldehyde, two Prop. 65-listed, carcinogenic chemicals.
воскресенье, 14 февраля 2021 г.
Duration of Isolation and Precautions for Adults with COVID-19
This guidance outlines key considerations for states and healthcare systems to consider strategies for transferring patients, staff, and supplies between health facilities to optimize patient care, balance resources, and minimize use of crisis care standards. One option is the identification of relief healthcare facilities and establishing or coordinating with existing federal, state, or regional Medical Operation Coordination Cells (MOCC). The implementation of the elements highlighted in this guidance can be found in the Federal MOCC Toolkit reference throughout.
Strategies to Mitigate Healthcare Personnel Staffing Shortages
This guidance is to assist healthcare facilities in mitigating healthcare personnel staffing shortages that might occur because of COVID-19.
Criteria for Return to Work for Healthcare Personnel with Confirmed or Suspected COVID-19 (Interim Guidance)
Guidance for return to work healthcare personnel (HCP) with confirmed COVID-19, or who have suspected COVID-19 (e.g., developed symptoms of a respiratory infection [e.g., cough, sore throat, shortness of breath, fever] but did not get tested for COVID-19).
Interim Guidance on Testing Healthcare Personnel for SARS-CoV-2
Interim Guidance on Testing Healthcare Personnel for SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19 Vaccine Communication Toolkit for Essential Workers: Getting Started
The CDC has designed a toolkit to help community-based organizations (CBOs) educate communities about new COVID-19 vaccines.
Immunotherapy -- targeted drug combination improves survival in advanced kidney cancer
Patients with advanced kidney cancer, who received a targeted drug combined with a checkpoint-blocker immunotherapy agent had longer survival than patients treated with the standard targeted drug according to the results from a phase 3 clinical trial.
Sounds influence the developing brain earlier than previously thought
In experiments in newborn mice, scientists report that sounds appear to change 'wiring' patterns in areas of the brain that process sound earlier than scientists assumed and even before the ear canal opens.
суббота, 13 февраля 2021 г.
The politics of synonyms
Researchers found people are more successful at identifying language associated with Republican speech than Democratic speech patterns.
Hope for children with bow hunter syndrome
Fusing the neck's top two vertebrae can prevent repeat strokes in children with bow hunter syndrome, a rare condition that affects a handful of U.S. pediatric patients each year, researchers suggest in a recent study. The finding offers a new way to treat these children and protect them from potentially lifelong neurological consequences.
Ebola is a master of disguise
Ebola is so pernicious because it pulls a fast one on the body, disguising itself as a dying cell. A study identifies a pathway that all filoviruses use to gain entry into our cells -- and shows how they can be stopped in their tracks by at least one FDA-approved drug.
Once bitten, twice shy: the neurology of why one bad curry could put us off for life
A negative experience with food usually leaves us unable to stomach the thought of eating that particular dish again. Using sugar-loving snails as models, researchers believe these bad experiences could be causing a switch in our brains, which impacts our future eating habits.
Biodiversity important at regional scales
New research shows that biodiversity is important not just at the traditional scale of short-term plot experiments -- in which ecologists monitor the health of a single meadow, forest grove, or pond after manipulating its species counts -- but when measured over decades and across regional landscapes as well. The findings can help guide conservation planning and enhance efforts to make human communities more sustainable.
New prostate cancer test could avoid unnecessary biopsies
A urine test could have avoided one third of unnecessary prostate cancer biopsies while failing to detect only a small number of cancers, according to a validation study that included more than 1,500 patients.
Take-at-home tests boost colorectal cancer screening 10x for the underserved
By making it the default to send colorectal cancer screening tests to patients' homes unless they opted out via text message, screening rates increased by more than 1,000 percent.
Aggressive brain tumor mapped in genetic, molecular detail
A new study has revealed a detailed map of the genes, proteins, infiltrating cells and signaling pathways that play key roles in driving glioblastoma. The study, of 99 tumors from patients, is the largest and most detailed schematic of this deadly brain tumor.
How do our memories take shape?
Your brain is constantly evaluating which aspects of your experiences to either remember for later, ignore, or forget. Researchers have developed a new approach for studying these aspects of memory, by creating a computer program that turns sequences of events from a video into unique geometric shapes, which can be compared to the shapes of how people recounted the events. The study provides insight into how experiences are committed to memory and recounted to others.
Cold sores: Discovery reveals how stress, illness and even sunburn trigger flareups
The finding could lead to new ways to prevent cold sores and herpes-related eye disease from reoccurring, the researchers report.
Customizable COVID-19 Vaccine Content for Community-Based Organizations
Customizable content, including newsletters, for community-based organizations to promote COVID-19 vaccinations
пятница, 12 февраля 2021 г.
Tap water access linked to dengue risk
Dengue virus is among growing number of mosquito-borne viruses that have adapted to spread in urban environments and are spreading with the increasing rate of urbanization. Now, researchers have identified tap water access in densely populated neighborhoods as a strong predictor of dengue risk in the city of Delhi.
Polynesian ancestry linked to obesity, heart failure and diabetes in Native Hawaiians
A new genetic study of Native Hawaiians finds that people who have a greater proportion of Polynesian ancestry in their genomes face a higher risk of obesity, Type-2 diabetes and heart failure.
Most people are naturally armed against SARS-CoV-2, study finds
The majority of the population can produce neutralizing antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), according to a new study. Moreover, the results support the use of combination antibody therapy to prevent and treat COVID-19.
Mathematical modeling suggests kids half as susceptible to COVID-19 as adults
A new computational analysis suggests that people under the age of 20 are about half as susceptible to COVID-19 infection as adults, and they are less likely to infect others.
Protein sequences provide clues to how SARS-CoV-2 infects cells
Researchers have identified sequences in human proteins that might be used by SARS-CoV-2 to infect cells. They have discovered that the virus might hijack certain cellular processes, and they discuss potentially relevant drugs for treating COVID-19.
Proper fit of face masks is more important than material, study suggests
Researchers studying the effectiveness of different types of face masks have found that in order to provide the best protection against COVID-19, the fit of a mask is as important, or more important, than the material it is made of.
Researchers propose that humidity from masks may lessen severity of COVID-19
Masks help protect the people wearing them from getting or spreading SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, but now researchers have added evidence for yet another potential benefit for wearers: The humidity created inside the mask may help combat respiratory diseases such as COVID-19.
Identifying risk factors for elevated anxiety in young adults during COVID-19 pandemic
A new study has identified early risk factors that predicted heightened anxiety in young adults during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The findings from the study could help predict who is at greatest risk of developing anxiety during stressful life events in early adulthood and inform prevention and intervention efforts.
Limited transmission of COVID-19 from open schools but teachers were affected: Swedish study
In Sweden, upper-secondary schools moved online while lower-secondary schools remained open during the spring of 2020. A comparison of parents with children in the final year of lower-secondary and first year of upper-secondary school shows that keeping the former open had limited consequences for the overall transmission of the virus. However, the infection rate doubled among lower-secondary teachers relative to upper-secondary ones.
Preventive blood thinning drugs linked to reduced risk of death in COVID-19 patients
Patients given preventive blood thinning drugs (prophylactic anticoagulants) within 24 hours of admission to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to die compared with those who do not receive them, a new study finds.
Social Media Toolkit: K-12 Schools Operational Strategy
Help K-12 schools operate safely. Combine steps to limit spread of COVID-19.
Social Media Toolkit
Provides messages and graphics to help ensure current, correct messaging from a trusted source, create collateral materials, and share resources regarding COVID-19.
COVID-19 Serology Surveillance Strategy
: CDC has an overarching strategy for learning more about how many people have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, and how it is spreading through the U.S. population. This strategy includes using serology testing for surveillance to better understand how many infections with SARS-CoV-2 have occurred including conducting large-scale geographic surveys, community-level surveys, and special population surveys.
Response to cancer immunotherapy may be affected by genes we carry from birth
For all their importance as a breakthrough treatment, the cancer immunotherapies known as checkpoint inhibitors still only benefit a small minority of patients, perhaps 15 percent across different types of cancer. Moreover, doctors cannot accurately predict which of their patients will respond.
Cases, Data, and Surveillance
CDC is aggressively responding to the global outbreak of COVID-19 and preparing for the potential of community spread in the United States.
Communication Resources for Travelers
Communication Resources for Travelers regarding travel health alerts and COVID-19.
Why portraying humans as healthy machines can backfire
Confronting consumers with expectations to be 'machine-like' be risky if not aligned with their abilities.
Using nature's strategies in the development of new drugs
Dimerization of the human neuropeptides oxytocin and vasopressin can produce new types of bioactive molecules. Such new constructs provide several opportunities to optimize the efficacy of these neuropeptides for therapeutic application. The researchers were inspired for this approach from naturally occurring dimers.
Metabolism: Light shed on structure of huge enzyme complex
A new method has enabled the natural structure of particularly large and complex enzymes to be revealed. Scientists have investigated a multi-enzyme complex that plays an essential role in metabolism and have discovered that it functions differently than previously thought. This will help scientists better understand certain diseases.
Analysis of largest, most diverse genetic data set released
Researchers published a new analysis from genetic sequencing data of more than 53,000 individuals, primarily from minority populations.
Scientists identify how harmless gut bacteria 'turn bad'
An international team of scientists has determined how harmless E. coli gut bacteria in chickens can easily pick up the genes required to evolve to cause a life-threatening infection. Their study warns that such infections not only affect the poultry industry but could also potentially cross over to infect humans.
Instant death from heart attack more common in people who do not exercise
An active lifestyle is linked with a lower chance of dying immediately from a heart attack, according to a new study. Heart disease is the leading cause of death globally and prevention is a major public health priority.
Algorithm that performs as accurately as dermatologists
A study has now been presented that boosts the evidence for using AI solutions in skin cancer diagnostics. With an algorithm they devised themselves, scientists show the capacity of technology to perform at the same level as dermatologists in assessing the severity of skin melanoma.
HIV research yields potential drug target
Understanding the mechanism of activation of a protein called SAMHD1 could be a step forward in the fight against HIV/AIDS.
Fewer older people are having strokes
A new study has found that people age 70 and older are having fewer strokes, and fewer people of all ages are dying from the disease.
Can strep throat make tics worse in kids?
Exposure to the bacteria that causes strep throat does not appear to make Tourette syndrome and other chronic tic disorders worse in children and teens, according to a new study. However, exposure was associated with increased symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsiveness.
Biochemical rules between RNA-protein interactions and expression of thousands of genes uncovered
A team of researchers has found a way to measure key characteristics of proteins that bind to RNA in cells--a discovery that could improve our understanding of how gene function is disturbed in cancer, neurodegenerative disorders or infections.
A recipe for regenerating bioengineered hair
Scientists have recently developed ways to grow a variety of useful items in laboratories, from meat and diamonds to retinas and other organoids. A team has been working on ways to regenerate lost hair from stem cells. In an important step, a new study identifies a population of hair follicle stem cells in the skin and a recipe for normal cyclical regeneration in the lab.
Fetal exposure to antibiotics in mid to late pregnancy linked to childhood asthma risk
Fetal exposure to antibiotics in mid to late pregnancy may be linked to a heightened risk of childhood asthma, suggests new research.
Mobile game that uses implicit learning improved children's short-term food choices
A new study examined how Indian 10- and 11-year-olds' food choices were affected by playing a pediatric dietary mobile game that uses implicit learning -- educating players without making them aware of the lessons through innovations in neurocognitive training and immersive technology. The study found that the game significantly improved children's food choices immediately after play.
четверг, 11 февраля 2021 г.
No links found between opioids or certain antibiotics in pregnancy and major birth defects: 2 studies
Two recent studies find no links between prescription opioids or macrolide antibiotics taken during pregnancy and risk of major birth defects.
Choir singing can improve cognitive functioning among the elderly
Researchers have made new discoveries on the benefits of choir singing which may include positive effects on cognitive functioning similar to playing an instrument.
The science of siestas: New research reveals the genetic basis for daytime napping
Researchers identified 123 regions in the human genome that are associated with daytime napping and three distinct mechanisms that promote napping. Many napping-related genes also regulate other aspects of sleep.
Lipid epoxides target pain, inflammatory pathways in neurons
When modified using a process known as epoxidation, two naturally occurring lipids are converted into potent agents that target multiple cannabinoid receptors in neurons, interrupting pathways that promote pain and inflammation, researchers report. These modified compounds, called epo-NA5HT and epo-NADA, have much more powerful effects than the molecules from which they are derived, which also regulate pain and inflammation.
Sick Parents and Caregivers
If a child's parent or caregiver is sick with COVID-19, follow the steps below to help protect the child from infection.
When You Can be Around Others After You Had or Likely Had COVID-19
If you have or think you might have COVID-19, it is important to stay home and away from other people. Staying away from others helps stop the spread of COVID-19.
Caring for Someone Sick at Home
Most people who get sick with COVID-19 will have only mild illness and should recover at home. Care at home can help stop the spread of COVID-19 and help protect people who are at risk for getting seriously ill from COVID-19.
Long-term stress linked to increased risk of heart attack
Can long-term stress lead to heart attacks? Most people would probably answer in the affirmative, but the scientific evidence of this is scarce. A new study reveals that the levels of the stress hormone cortisol were increased in the months preceding a heart attack. The results suggest that long-term stress is a risk factor for heart attacks.
Virtual reality helping to treat fear of heights
Researchers have developed a virtual reality app for smartphones to reduce fear of heights. Now, they have conducted a clinical trial to study its efficacy. Trial participants who spent a total of four hours training with the app at home showed an improvement in their ability to handle real height situations.
New weapon against resistant bacteria
Researchers have developed a new antibiotic that can help in the fight against resistant bacteria, and they hope it will reach the patients.
Depressed moms who breastfeed boost babies' mood, neuroprotection and mutual touch
Feeding method and affectionate touch patterns in depressed and non-depressed mothers and babies as well as infant's EEG activity showed that mother-infant affectionate touch differed as a function of mood and feeding method (breastfeeding and bottle-feeding). Infants in the depressed and bottle-fed group reduced touch toward their mothers while breastfeeding had a positive effect on both mother and baby. Infants of depressed and breastfeeding mothers showed neither behavioral nor brain development dysregulation previously found in infants of depressed mothers.
Arizona economic burden of valley fever totals $736 million
Expenses for the fungal disease endemic to the Southwest can skyrocket for people whose diagnosis is delayed, leading to more serious infection or death.
Operating schools during COVID-19: CDC's Considerations
CDC offers considerations for ways in which schools can help protect students, teachers, administrators, and staff and slow the spread of COVID-19.
Tiny population of neurons may have big role in depression
Scientists report the first evidence that, not short-term stress, like a series of tough college exams, rather chronic, unpredictable stress like that which erupts in our personal and professional lives, induces changes in the function of AgRP neurons that may contribute to depression.
Function identified of 'mystery protein' that kills brain cells of people with Parkinson's
Scientists have made a 'vital step' towards understanding the origins of Parkinson's Disease - the fastest growing neurological condition in the world. A study presents a compelling new evidence about what a key protein called alpha-synuclein actually does in neurons in the brain.
Bats and pangolins in Southeast Asia harbour SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses, reveals new study
A new study shows that SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses (SC2r-CoVs) are circulating in animals as far away as Thailand. The study reported that high levels of neutralizing antibodies against the virus were present in both bats and pangolins found in the Southeast Asian country. The study further indicates that more SC2r-CoVs are likely to be discovered in the region.
What to Expect at Your Appointment to Get Vaccinated for COVID-19
Because COVID-19 is a new disease with new vaccines, you may have questions about what happens before, during, and after your appointment to get vaccinated. These tips will help you know what to expect when you get vaccinated, what information your provider will give you, and resources you can use to monitor your health after you are vaccinated.
'Gamechanger' drug for treating obesity cuts body weight by 20%
One third (35%) of people who took a new drug for treating obesity lost more than one-fifth of their total body weight, according to a major global study.
среда, 10 февраля 2021 г.
Earliest signs of an immune response found in developing embryos
Researchers reveal that newly formed embryos clear dying cells to maximize their chances of survival. It is the earliest display of an innate immune response found in vertebrate animals to date. The findings may aid future efforts to understand why some embryos fail to form in the earliest stages of development, and lead to new clinical efforts in treating infertility or early miscarriages.
Mediterranean-style diet linked to better thinking skills in later life
People who eat a Mediterranean-style diet -- particularly one rich in green leafy vegetables and low in meat -- are more likely to stay mentally sharp in later life, a study shows. Closely adhering to a Mediterranean diet was associated with higher scores on a range of memory and thinking tests among adults in their late 70s, the research found. The study found no link, however, between the Mediterranean-style diet and better brain health.
How to Select, Wear, and Clean Your Mask
COVID-19 spreads mainly from person to person through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people who are nearby or possibly be inhaled into the lungs.
New CRISPR tech targets human genome's complex code
Rice bioengineers harness the CRISPR/Cas9 system to program histones, the support proteins that wrap up and control human DNA, to manipulate gene activation and phosphorylation. The new technology enables innovative ways to find and manipulate genes and pathways responsible for diseases.
Improve the Fit and Filtration of Your Mask to Reduce the Spread of COVID-19
Learn what to consider regarding the fit and diltration of your mask.
Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Healthcare Personnel During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic
Guidance for healthcare professionals who have the potential for direct or indirect exposure to patients or infectious materials.
Pre-COVID subway air polluted from DC to Boston, but New York region's is the worst, study finds
Commuters now have yet another reason to avoid packing themselves into subway stations. New York City's transit system exposes riders to more inhaled pollutants than any other metropolitan subway system in the Northeastern United States, a new study finds. Yet even its 'cleaner' neighbors struggle with enough toxins to give health-conscious travelers pause.
Safety of COVID-19 Vaccine
COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective. Millions of people in the United States have received COVID-19 vaccines. These vaccines have gone through the most intensive safety monitoring in U.S. history. CDC recommends you get vaccinated for COVID-19 as soon as you are eligible.
Six previously FDA-approved drugs appear promising against SARS-CoV-2 in laboratory testing
Researchers havve discovered that six drugs previously approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for other indications could be repurposed to treat or prevent COVID-19.
Operational Considerations for Immunization Services during COVID-19 in Non-US Settings Focusing on Low-Middle Income Countries
Learn COVID-19 operational considerations to implement immunization services in non-US countries with low or middle incomes.
Previous COVID-19 Forecasts: Hospitalizations
Learn about COVID-19 forecasts and modeling for new hospitalizations.
COVID-19 Forecasts: Hospitalizations
Learn about COVID-19 forecasts and modeling for new hospitalizations.
Previous COVID-19 Forecasts: Cases
Forecasts show national and state level cumulative reported and predicted deaths since the beginning of the pandemic. CDC is working with partners to bring together weekly COVID-19 forecasts in one place.
Use of Masks to Help Slow the Spread of COVID-19
Use of Cloth Face Coverings to Help Slow the Spread of COVID-19
COVID-19 Forecasts: Deaths
CDC works with partners to bring together weekly forecasts for COVID-19 deaths in one place. These forecasts have been developed independently and shared publicly. It is important to bring these forecasts together to help understand how they compare with each other and how much uncertainty there is about what may happen in the upcoming four weeks.
Previous Forecasts of Total Deaths
Forecasts show national and state level cumulative reported and predicted deaths since the beginning of the pandemic.
Strategies for Optimizing Supply of N95 Respirators
Learn how to optimize N95 respirators during COVID-19.
Sleep keeps teens on track for good mental health
As families settle back into a new school year, sleep experts are reminding parents about the importance of teenagers getting enough sleep, cautioning them that insufficient sleep can negatively affect their mental health.
Hot nano-chisel used to create artificial bones in a Petri dish
Scientists detail a system allowing them to sculpt, in a biocompatible material, the exact structure of the bone tissue, with features smaller than the size of a single protein -- a billion times smaller than a meter.
Male sex, BMI, smoking and depression all increase biological age
A 'biological age' score predicts that being male, overweight, a smoker and having depression all contribute to biological aging, a new study reports.
Mask Up America
Continue to "Mask Up" to Help Stop the Spread of the Coronavirus. Austin Powers, Casablanca, Harry Potter, The Lord of the Rings, and others are reimagined with characters wearing face masks.
Training to wisely navigate social conflicts
People are able to approach social conflicts more wisely if they have trained themselves in advance by practicing a distanced self-talk technique, referring to themselves with third-person pronouns such as 'she' or 'they' rather than the first-person pronouns of 'me' or 'I.'
вторник, 9 февраля 2021 г.
AI can predict early death risk
Researchers have found that a computer algorithm developed using echocardiogram videos of the heart can predict mortality within a year. The algorithm -- an example of what is known as machine learning, or artificial intelligence (AI) -- outperformed other clinically used predictors, including pooled cohort equations and the Seattle Heart Failure score.
Unusual DNA folding increases the rates of mutations
DNA sequences that can fold into shapes other than the classic double helix tend to have higher mutation rates than other regions in the human genome. New research shows that the elevated mutation rate in these sequences plays a major role in determining regional variation in mutation rates across the genome.
Antiviral proves effective at preventing, treating COVID-19 in lab
Using a new research model containing human lung tissue, scientists showed that the broad spectrum, experimental drug EIDD-2801 proved effective at preventing and treating SARS-CoV-2 infection.
How accurate are first impressions on a first date?
The high stakes of first dates require would-be partners to make and interpret first impressions. But, can we rely on these first impressions to accurately assess someone's personality? According to researchers, the answer is yes, although it may be more difficult than in more casual settings.
STINGing tumors with nanoparticles
A new nanoparticle-based drug can boost the body's innate immune system and make it more effective at fighting off tumors, researchers have shown. Their study is among the first to successfully target the immune molecule STING with nanoparticles about one millionth the size of a soccer ball that can switch on/off immune activity in response to their physiological environment.
Immune response to insulin could identify, help treat those at risk for Type 1 Diabetes
Researchers have found that immune responses to insulin could help identify individuals most at risk for developing Type 1 diabetes.
As you look around, mental images bounce between right and left brain
A new study explains how the brain helps us remember what we've seen, even as it shifts around in our visual system. That ability -- to remember that something is the same thing no matter how it's moving around relative to our eyes -- is what gives us the freedom to control where we look.
Ventilation
CDC recommends a layered strategy to reduce exposures to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. This includes using multiple mitigation strategies with several layers of safeguards to reduce the spread of disease and lower the risk of exposure.
New method for asymmetric N,N-acetal synthesis promises advances in drug development
Chiral N,N-acetals are an important component of several bioactive drugs and medicines. Owing to this, chemical reactions that lead to high-purity yield of the desired 'enantiomeric' form are highly sought after. In a new study, scientists demonstrate high selectivity formation of N,N-acetals from reactions between 2-aminobenzamide and various diketones in presence of bis(imidazoline)-phosphoric acid catalyst and look into the possible mechanism, opening doors to facile synthesis of novel pharmaceutical drugs.
Key Things to Know About COVID-19 Vaccines
Learn the key things you need to know about the new COVID-19 vaccines.
Guidance to Reduce the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Spreading between People and Wildlife
These recommendations may make it less likely for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, to spread between people and wildlife to protect human health, animal health, and minimize adverse public health and conservation outcomes.
Mean or nice? These traits could make or break a child's friendships
While it's logical to assume that children who are mean have friendships characterized by growing strife and that children who are nice report little of the same, these assumptions haven't been tested in real-world friendships. A study of elementary-school children is the first to examine the extent to which being 'nice' and being 'mean' shape changes in friend perceptions of their relationship. Results confirm the widespread assumption that one child's behavioral traits drive the other child's friendship experiences.
Wearable devices can detect COVID-19 symptoms and predict diagnosis, study finds
Wearable devices can identify COVID-19 cases earlier than traditional diagnostic methods and can help track and improve management of the disease, according to a new study.
History of vaccines offers lessons on COVID-19 for pregnant women
Pregnant women, who are at increased risk of preterm birth or pregnancy loss if they develop a severe case of COVID-19, need the best possible guidance on whether they should receive a COVID-19 vaccine, according to a new article. That guidance can take lessons from what is already known about other vaccines given during pregnancy.
Study identifies 'post-traumatic growth' emerging from COVID-19 lockdowns
A new study suggests that despite considerable adversity, many people have also experienced positive effects in lockdown as a result of a less frenetic life.
An end to invasive biopsies?
Researchers have found a less invasive and more accurate options for diagnoses using a simple blood test that detects DNA fragments.
Percent of Delivered First Vaccine Doses Administered by U.S. States and Territories
States and jurisdictions assess their efforts at vaccinating their community and monitor the percentage of the vaccine supply delivered that has been administered.
People with dementia at higher risk for COVID-19, study finds
Researchers found that patients with dementia were at a significantly increased risk for COVID-19 -- and the risk was higher still for African Americans with dementia.
Coffee lovers, rejoice! Drinking more coffee associated with decreased heart failure risk
An analysis of three large, well-known heart disease studies found drinking one or more cups of caffeinated coffee was associated with decreased heart failure risk. Drinking decaffeinated coffee did not have the same benefit and may be associated with an increased risk for heart failure. There is not yet enough clear evidence to recommend increasing coffee consumption to decrease risk of heart disease with the same strength and certainty as stopping smoking, losing weight or exercising.
Tumor-suppressor protein dynamics determine if tissues survive radiation
Exposure to radiation can wreak indiscriminate havoc on cells, tissues, and organs. Curiously, however, some tissues are more vulnerable to radiation damage than others. A new study now finds that cellular survival after radiation exposure depends on behavior of the tumor-suppressor protein p53 over time. In vulnerable tissues, p53 levels go up and remain high, leading to cell death. In tissues that tend to survive radiation damage, p53 levels oscillate up and down.
COVID-19 Vaccine Communication Toolkit for Community-Based Organizations: Getting Started
The CDC has designed a toolkit to help community-based organizations (CBOs) educate communities about new COVID-19 vaccines.
COVID-19 Vaccine Communication Toolkit for Essential Workers: Getting Started
The CDC has designed a toolkit to help community-based organizations (CBOs) educate communities about new COVID-19 vaccines.
понедельник, 8 февраля 2021 г.
1918 pandemic second wave had fatal consequences
In a pandemic, delayed reactions and a decentralized approach by the authorities at the start of a follow-up wave can lead to longer-lasting, more severe and more fatal consequences, a new study has found. Researchers compared the influenza pandemic of 1918 and 1919 in the Canton of Bern with the coronavirus pandemic of 2020.
Distinctness of mental disorders traced to differences in gene readouts
A new study suggests that differences in the expression of gene transcripts - readouts copied from DNA that help maintain and build our cells - may hold the key to understanding how mental disorders with shared genetic risk factors result in different patterns of onset, symptoms, course of illness, and treatment responses.
Synchronization of brain hemispheres changes what we hear
Most of the time, our brain receives different input from each of our ears, but we nevertheless perceive speech as unified sounds. This process takes place through synchronization of the areas of the brain involved with the help of gamma waves, neurolinguists have now discovered. Their findings may lead to new treatment approaches for tinnitus.
Fast-growing parts of Africa see a surprise: Less air pollution from seasonal fires
In Africa, air pollution recently surpassed AIDS as the leading cause of premature death. But researchers have discovered at least a temporary bright spot: dangerous nitrogen oxides, byproducts of combustion, are declining across the north equatorial part of the continent. The reason: a decline in the longtime practice of setting of dry-season fires to manage land.
Happiness really does come for free
Economic growth is often prescribed as a way of increasing the well-being of people in low-income countries. A new study suggests that there may be good reason to question this assumption. The researchers found that the majority of people in societies where money plays a minimal role reported a level of happiness comparable to that found in Scandinavian countries which typically rate highest in the world.
3D printing polymers
Researchers have developed the first 3D-printable 'bottlebrush' elastomer. The new material results in printed objects that have unusual softness and elasticity -- mechanical properties that closely resemble those of human tissue.
Facility Planning and Operations for COVID-19
Access tools and guidance for healthcare facilities to plan and prepare, manage surges, and operate effectively during COVID-19.
Surge Mitigation in Healthcare
Find resources to mitigate staffing, hospital bed, and ventilator shortages and tools to estimate a surge in demand for services.
COVID-19 Exposure in Healthcare Settings
Guidance for possible COVID-19 transmission at hospitals and for healthcare workers exposed to COVID-19 or returning to work after COVID-19 infection
Severe undercounting of COVID-19 cases in U.S., other countries estimated via model
A new machine-learning framework uses reported test results and death rates to calculate estimates of the actual number of current COVID-19 infections within all 50 U.S. states and 50 countries.
Toolkit for Pregnant People and New Parents
Resources and tools to help pregnant people, breastfeeding women and new parents caring for infants to protect their health and help people who serve these communities communicate with them.
Frequently Asked Questions
Most confirmed cases of COVID-19 reported from China have occurred in adults.
What to Know About Liver Disease and COVID-19
Information for people with liver disease who may be at higher risk for severe illness from COVID-19. People with chronic liver disease, including hepatitis B and hepatitis C, may have concerns and questions related to their risk.
eCR Now: COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting for Healthcare Providers
Learn about how healthcare providers can report COVID-19 cases.
Healthcare Facilities That Have Implemented COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting
Healthcare Facilities That Have Implemented COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting
Winter Holidays
Winter holiday gatherings with family and friends are fun but can increase the chances of getting or spreading COVID-19 or the flu. Follow these tips to make your winter holidays safer.
Study links exposure to nighttime artificial lights with elevated thyroid cancer risk
People living in regions with high levels of outdoor artificial light at night may face a higher risk of developing thyroid cancer.
воскресенье, 7 февраля 2021 г.
Happy childhood? That's no guarantee for good mental health
It's well understood that a difficult childhood can increase the likelihood of mental illness, but according to new research, a happy and secure childhood does not always protect a child from developing a mental illness later in life.
суббота, 6 февраля 2021 г.
Climate change may have driven the emergence of SARS-CoV-2
A new study provides evidence of a mechanism by which climate change could have played a direct role in the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that caused the COVID-19 pandemic.
пятница, 5 февраля 2021 г.
Physical discipline and cognitive deprivation associated with specific types of developmental delay
A study reports that in a diverse, cross-national sample of youth, physical discipline and cognitive deprivation had distinct associations with specific domains of developmental delay. The findings are based on the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, which is an ongoing, international household survey initiative coordinated and assisted by the United Nations agency, UNICEF.
Fungi in the gut prime immunity against infection
Common fungi, often present in the gut, teach the immune system how to respond to their more dangerous relatives, according to new research. Breakdowns in this process can leave people susceptible to deadly fungal infections.
Study identifies 'Achilles heel' of bacteria linked to Crohn's disease
The discovery of an 'Achilles heel' in a type of gut bacteria that causes intestinal inflammation in patients with Crohn's disease may lead to more targeted therapies for the difficult to treat disease, according to investigators.
New research sheds light on vision loss in Batten disease
Progressive vision loss, and eventually blindness, are the hallmarks of juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (JNCL) or CLN3-Batten disease. New research shows how the mutation associated with the disease could potentially lead to degeneration of light sensing photoreceptor cells in the retina, and subsequent vision loss.
New drug targets for childhood cancer neuroblastoma identified
The largest single cell study to date of the childhood cancer, neuroblastoma, has discovered that all neuroblastomas arise from a single type of embryonic cell called sympathoblasts.
Civil engineers find link between hospitals and schools key to community resilience
Health care and education systems are two main pillars of a community's stability. How well and how quickly a community recovers following a natural disaster depends on the resilience of these essential social services. New research has found hospitals and schools are interdependent, suggesting their collective recovery must be considered in order to restore a community in the wake of disaster.
How air pollution may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease
A new study has found a link between high levels of air pollution at an individual's home address and an elevated risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Air pollution exposure appears to heighten the production of inflammatory cells in the bone marrow, triggering inflammation of the arteries.
New research studies 'domino effects' and synchrony in brain activity
Scientists have made a significant breakthrough in the quest to understand the intricate processes that occur in the brain during seizures that are the key symptom of epilepsy.
'Hidden' genes could be key in development of new antibiotics
A study shows how the 'hidden' genes in bacteriophages -- types of viruses that infect and destroy bacteria -- may be key to the development of a new class of antibiotics for human health.
Tiny sensor technique reveals cellular forces involved in tissue generation
A team of researchers developed a technique that uses tiny polymer spheres to sense the forces at play as body tissue forms and grows.
Novel immunotherapy approach to treat cat allergy
Researchers brought forward the potential of high doses of a specific adjuvant molecule, namely CpG oligonucleotide, in successfully modulating the immune system's allergic response to the main cat allergen Fel d 1, thereby inducing a tolerance-promoting reaction and reverting the main hallmarks of cat allergy.
Manufacturing Workers and Employers
Learn what manufacturing workers and employers need to know during COVID-19.
Protecting Seafood Processing Workers from COVID-19
Guidance for seafood processing workers and employers on protection from COVID-19.
Pharmacologist offers plan to solve disparities in designing medicine
Pharmacologists outlines the molecular origins for differences in how well certain drugs work among distinct populations. She also lays out a four-part plan to improve the equity of drug development.
Information for School Nurses and Other Healthcare Personnel (HCP) Working in Schools and Child Care Settings
Information and resources for school nurses and other healthcare personnel working in schools and child care settings during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Toolkit for Correctional and Detention Facilities
Guidance and tools to help administrators of correctional and detention facilities make decisions and protect and communicate with staff, people who are incarcerated, and their communities during COVID-19.
Spicy perfection isn't to prevent infection
Spicy food is considered an example of 'Darwinian gastronomy': selection for antimicrobial ingredients to counter infection risk. By analysing over thirty thousand recipes, we show that average number of spices per recipe is more strongly associated with socioeconomic factors than infectious disease.
New technique rapidly quantifies immune response following vaccination
A global team of researchers has developed a new strategy for fast and reliable antibody tests, which can quantify the immune response induced by vaccination and reveal the timeline and stage of pathogen infection. The team's one-step quantitative antibody tests are conducted using (blood) serum and are on a par with the gold-standard, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique.
New combination therapy offers chance of healing hepatitis B
Around 260 million people, more than three percent of the global population, are chronically infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV); in the long term, this often leads to complications such as liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. A cure is not yet possible with the available medication. Scientists have now investigated a new combination therapy that has proven highly effective in their infection model.
Chemotherapy: Scalp cooling physically protects hair follicles
New research demonstrates that scalp cooling physically protects hair follicles from chemotherapy drugs. It is the world's first piece of biological evidence that explains how scalp cooling actually works and the mechanism behind its protection of the hair follicle.
3D-printed bioresorbable airway stent
A research team is using 3D printing to produce a new type of bioresorbable airway stent. This could greatly simplify the future treatment of upper airway obstruction.
Guidance for SARS-CoV-2 Point-of-Care Testing
This CDC webpage provides guidance on the regulatory requirements for SARS-CoV-2 POC testing, using POC tests safely, and information on reporting POC test results.
Scientists propose new way to detect emotions using wireless signals
A novel artificial intelligence (AI) approach based on wireless signals could help to reveal our inner emotions, according to new research.
Blink! The link between aerobic fitness and cognition
Researchers have found evidence that spontaneous eye blink activity, which reflects activity in the dopaminergic system, explains the connection between fitness and cognitive function. This is the first study to indicate that dopamine has an essential role in linking aerobic fitness and cognition. These findings open the door to new research regarding the mechanisms by which exercise improves brain function, and may lead to novel fitness strategies for enhancing cognition.
CDC Readiness and Planning Tool: To Prevent the Spread of COVID-19 in Primary and Secondary Schools in Low Resource Non-U.S. Settings
CDC offers a readiness and planning tool to share ways school administrators can help protect students, staff, and communities, and slow the spread of COVID-19. This tool aligns with the Operational Considerations for Schools for low resource non-US settings.
COVID-19 Vaccine Information for Specific Groups
Although the vaccine supply is currently limited, CDC is working toward making vaccines widely available for everyone at no cost. Learn more about your state's plan.
Shopping online? Here's what you should know about user reviews
If you're about to buy something online and its only customer review is negative, you'd probably reconsider the purchase, right? It turns out a product's first review can have an outsized effect on the item's future -- it can even cause the product to fail.
Environmental factors had a role in the evolution of human tolerance
Environmental pressures may have led humans to become more tolerant and friendly towards each other as the need to share food and raw materials became mutually beneficial, a new study suggests.
четверг, 4 февраля 2021 г.
Research could lead to injectable gels that release medicines over time
The researchers dissolved polymers and nanoparticles in water, and comingled them at room temperature to solidify a Jello-like substance that - unlike its kitchen counterpart -- did not liquify at higher heat, such as in the body. The technique kept in balance two thermodynamic concepts- enthalpy, which measures energy added to or subtracted from a material, and entropy, which describes how energy changes make a material more or less orderly at the molecular level.
New methods for exploring the 'dark matter' of biology
New tools and methods have been described by researchers to study an unusual protein modification and gain fresh insights into its roles in human health and disease. The study - about how certain sugars modify proteins -- lays a foundation for better understanding diseases like muscular dystrophy and cancer.
Ultrasound in the treatment of brain diseases
Ultrasound is not only used as an imaging technique but targeted pulses of ultrasound can be used as a highly accurate treatment for a range of brain diseases. A review shows that the new treatments are already on the brink of broad clinical application.
Time management can work but in unexpected ways
Researchers conducted a first-of-its-kind meta-analysis of time management literature. Their study pored over data from 158 separate studies spanning four decades, six continents and involving more than 53,000 respondents. Their conclusion? Yes, time management does work. Though maybe not as one might initially think.
Some sperm cells poison their competitors
Competition among sperm cells is fierce - they all want to reach the egg cell first to fertilize it. A research team now shows in mice that the ability of sperm to move progressively depends on the protein RAC1. Optimal amounts of active protein improve the competitiveness of individual sperm, whereas aberrant activity can cause male infertility.
Human immune cells have natural alarm system against HIV
Researchers have identified a potential way to eradicate the latent HIV infection that lies dormant inside infected immune cells. Studying human immune cells, the researchers showed that such cells have a natural alarm system that detects the activity of a specific HIV protein. Rather than attack the virus based on its appearance, this strategy is to attack the virus based on what it is doing -- vital activities that are required for the virus to exist.
Dynamic 3D printing process features a light-driven twist
The speed of light has come to 3D printing. Engineers have developed a new method that uses light to improve 3D printing speed and precision while also, in combination with a high-precision robot arm, providing the freedom to move, rotate or dilate each layer as the structure is being built. The method introduces the 'on-the-fly' ability to manipulate the original design layer by layer and pivot the printing direction without recreating the model.
Tool predicts which mini-strokes could lead to major strokes
A new tool can help emergency physicians predict which patients with mini-strokes are at greatest risk of having a major stroke within the week.
Social interactions after isolation may counteract cravings
Social interaction may help reverse food and cigarette cravings triggered by being in social isolation, a study in rats has found. The study used an animal model of drug addiction to show that a return to social interaction gives the same result as living in a rich, stimulating environment in reducing cravings for both sugar and nicotine rewards.
Fecal microbiota transplants help patients with advanced melanoma respond to immunotherapy
For patients with cancers that do not respond to immunotherapy drugs, adjusting the composition of microorganisms in the intestines -- known as the gut microbiome -- through the use of stool, or fecal, transplants may help some of these individuals respond to the immunotherapy drugs, a new study suggests.
Vaccination Considerations for Persons with Disabilities
This webpage provides information for people with disabilities or conditions that may increase their risk of getting and spreading COVID-19, and for their care providers.
Moms with MS at no more risk of pregnancy complications than moms without MS
Women with multiple sclerosis (MS) may not be at a higher risk of pregnancy complications like gestational diabetes, emergency cesarean section or stillbirth than women who do not have the disease, according to a new study.
Cancer research expands body's own immune system to kill tumors
Scientists are hoping advances in cancer research could lead to a day when a patient's own immune system could be used to fight and destroy a wide range of tumors. Cancer immunotherapy has some remarkable successes, but its effectiveness has been limited to a relatively small handful of cancers. Researchers describe how advances in engineering models of tumors can greatly expand cancer immunotherapy's effectiveness to a wider range of cancers.
New clues to how muscle wasting occurs in people with cancer
Muscle wasting, or the loss of muscle tissue, is a common problem for people with cancer, but the precise mechanisms have long eluded doctors and scientists. Now, a new study gives new clues to how muscle wasting happens on a cellular level.
First-in-human clinical trial confirms new HIV vaccine approach
A phase 1 clinical trial testing a novel vaccine approach to prevent HIV has produced promising results, researchers announced today. The vaccine showed success in stimulating production of rare immune cells needed to start the process of generating antibodies against the fast-mutating virus; the targeted response was detected in 97 percent of participants who received the vaccine.
How to Protect Yourself & Others
The best way to prevent COVID-19 infection is to avoid exposure to this virus and follow these everyday preventative actions.
Investigating the Impact of COVID-19 during Pregnancy
CDC is supporting multiple efforts to better understand the impact of COVID-19 during pregnancy on both the mother and infant. Data collected as part of these efforts can help direct public health action and inform clinical guidance for the care of affected pregnant women and their infants.
Interim Guidance for Health Departments: COVID-19 Vaccination Implementation for People Experiencing Homelessness
Guidance for Health Departments: COVID-19 Vaccination Implementation for People Experiencing Homelessness
среда, 3 февраля 2021 г.
State-funded pre-K may enhance math achievement
Students who attend the Georgia Prekindergarten Program are more likely to achieve in mathematics than those who do not attend pre-K, according to a new study.
Popular breast cancer drugs don't work the way we thought they did
New research suggests that a class of drugs called PARP inhibitors, designed to treat hereditary forms of ovarian and breast cancer, don't work the way we thought they did. It also paints a fuller picture of how they work, opening the door to improvements in next-generation drugs.
New ink jet approach offers simple way to print microdisk lasers for biosensing
Researchers have developed a unique inkjet printing method for fabricating tiny biocompatible polymer microdisk lasers for biosensing applications. The approach enables production of both the laser and sensor in a room temperature, open-air environment, potentially enabling new uses of biosensing technologies for health monitoring and disease diagnostics.
Mechanism that regulates anti-tumor activity of immune cells
Researchers demonstrate why some ovarian cancer patients evolve better than others and suggest possible approaches to improve patient outcomes.
The quick choice might be a choice-overload avoidance strategy
Making a choice quickly might appear effortless, but research that measured cardiovascular responses in the moment of making a choice, rather than after-the-fact, suggests that the apparent swift certainty might instead be a defense from having to think too deeply about the choices being presented to them.
How SARS-CoV-2 mutates to escape antibody binding
A scientific detective story starting with a single patient in Pittsburgh unearths how the SARS-CoV-2 virus mutates to create new variants, including the UK strain B.1.1.7, and escapes neutralizing antibodies.
Biodiversity is its own catalyst -- to a point
For decades, scientists have wrestled with rival theories to explain how interactions between species, like competition, influence biodiversity. Tracking microbial life across the planet, researchers show that biodiversity does in fact foster further diversity in microbiomes that are initially less diverse. However, diversity rates plateau with increased competition for survival and space in more diverse microbiomes.
Pioneering technique paves way for fast and cheap fabrication of rapid medical diagnostic tools
New technology has the potential to accelerate uptake and development of on-chip diagnostic techniques in parts of the world where rapid diagnoses are desperately needed to improve public health, mortality and morbidity.
Teaching pupils empathy measurably improves their creative abilities
Teaching children in a way that encourages them to empathize with others measurably improves their creativity, and could potentially lead to several other beneficial learning outcomes, new research suggests.
Science Briefs
CDC is learning more about how COVID-19 spreads and affects people and communities. Learn more by viewing scientific briefs and agendas.
Requirement for Proof of Negative COVID-19 Test or Recovery from COVID-19 for All Air Passengers Arriving in the United States
Information and frequently asked questions about requirement for proof of negative COVID-19 test or recovery from COVID-19 for all air passengers arriving in the United States
Vaccines
Learn about COVID-19 vaccine planning, how vaccine recommendations will be made, and the work going into ensuring the safety of COVID-19 vaccines.
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