An interdisciplinary team has determined that older adult women converse more effectively with strangers than their younger counterparts; additionally, communicating with female friends decreases stress hormone levels for women across the lifespan.
среда, 30 июня 2021 г.
Research lays groundwork for restoring lost oral functions with pacemaker-like devices
Even the mundane act of swallowing requires a well-coordinated dance of more than 30 muscles of the mouth. The loss of function of even one of these, due to disease or injury, can be extremely debilitating. For these people, nerve stimulation offers a ray of hope to regain some of their lost oral function.
Variations in quantitative MRI scanners' measurements
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used in medicine to detect, diagnose and treat diseases such as cancer, while relying on experts' interpretation of images. Quantitative MRI, which obtains numerical measurements during the scans, can now potentially offer greater accuracy, repeatability and speed -- but rigorous quality control is needed for it to reach its full potential, according to a new study.
5-minute breathing workout lowers blood pressure as much as exercise, drugs
A new study shows that a breathing exercise known as Inspiratory Muscle Strength Training can reduce blood pressure in weeks, with benefits on par with daily exercise or medication.
Machine learning helps in predicting when immunotherapy will be effective
Cancer cells can put the body's immune cells into sleep mode. Immunotherapy can reverse this, but it doesn't work for all patients and all cancer types. Researchers have now developed machine learning models that can predict if someone is likely to respond positively to immunotherapy. In clinical settings, this could pave the way for personalized immunotherapy approaches for patients, as well as guidance on how to best combine immunotherapy with other treatments.
Human stem cells enable model to test drug impact on brain's blood barrier
Using an experimental model to simulate the blood-brain barrier, scientists reported in unprecedented detail how antioxidants protect the brain from inflammation caused by such neurodegenerative diseases as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
Employed individuals more likely to contract the flu, study shows
Researchers found that employed individuals, on average, are 35.3% more likely to be infected with the flu virus.
Embryo freezing for IVF appears linked to blood pressure problems in pregnancy
A large cohort study drawn from the national IVF registry of France, which included almost 70,000 pregnancies delivered after 22 weeks gestation between 2013 and 2018, has found a higher risk of pre-eclampsia and hypertension in pregnancies derived from frozen-thawed embryos. This risk was found significantly greater in those treatments in which the uterus was prepared for implantation with hormone replacement therapies. The results confirm with real-life data what has been observed in sub-groups of patients in other studies.
The Southern diet - fried foods and sugary drinks - may raise risk of sudden cardiac death
Participants in a large-scale study who more commonly consumed a Southern-style diet - high in added fats, fried foods, processed meats and sugary drinks - had a higher risk of sudden cardiac death than people who had lower adherence to a Southern-style diet.
Discovery of the role of a key gene in the development of ALS
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS, attacks nerve cells known as motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord, gradually leading to paralysis. The loss of function of an important gene, C9orf72, may affect communication between motor neurons and muscles in people with this disease.
Frequent COVID-19 testing key to efficient, early detection, study finds
The chance of detecting the virus that causes COVID-19 increases with more frequent testing, no matter the type of test, a new study found. Both polymerase chain reaction and antigen tests, paired with rapid results reporting, can achieve 98 percent sensitivity if deployed at least every three days.
Researchers look to human 'social sensors' to better predict elections and other trends
Researchers can gather highly accurate information about social trends and groups by asking about a person's social circle rather than interrogating their own individual beliefs.
Eating disorder behaviors alter reward response in brain
A new study found that eating disorder behaviors alter the brain's reward response process and food intake control circuitry, which can reinforce the behaviors.
Investigational malaria vaccine gives strong, lasting protection
Two U.S. Phase 1 clinical trials of a novel candidate malaria vaccine have found that the regimen conferred unprecedentedly high levels of durable protection when volunteers were later exposed to disease-causing malaria parasites. The vaccine combines live parasites with either of two widely used antimalarial drugs -- an approach termed chemoprophylaxis vaccination. A Phase 2 clinical trial of the vaccine is now underway in Mali, a malaria-endemic country.
Cross-generational consequences of lead poisoning
Scientists have shown that environmental lead poisoning in children affects not only their own health and wellbeing, but the vitality and mental health of their mothers, as well.
Thinking in 3D improves mathematical skills
Spatial reasoning ability in small children reflects how well they will perform in mathematics later. Researchers recently came to this conclusion, making the case for better cultivation of spatial reasoning.
Prevalence of COVID-19 among hospitalized infants varies with levels of community transmission
How common COVID-19 is among infants may depend on the degree of the pandemic virus circulating in a community.
Looking at tumors through a new lens
A new study reveals vulnerabilities in recurrent glioblastoma, providing potential co-targets for enhancing neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade.
вторник, 29 июня 2021 г.
Increased use of household fireworks creates a public health hazard
Fireworks are synonymous in the United States with the celebration of Independence Day and other special events, but the colorful displays have caused a growing risk to public safety in recent years, according to a new study.
Computer training program for seniors can reduce hazardous driving
A recent proof-of-concept study finds that a low-cost training program can reduce hazardous driving in older adults. Researchers hope the finding will lead to the training becoming more widely available.
A new class of functional elements in the human genome?
When regions of the human genome where the DNA can fold into unusual three-dimensional structures called G-quadruplexes (G4s) are located in regulatory sequences or other functional, but non-protein coding, regions of the genome, they are maintained by selection, are more common, and their unusual structures are more stable. Together, these lines of evidence suggest that G4 elements should be added to the list of functional elements of the genome.
COVID-19 Vaccines While Pregnant or Breastfeeding
Healthcare personnel who are pregnant or breastfeeding may get vaccinated for COVID-19, but there are many considerations that go into that decision.
Participate in Outdoor and Indoor Activities
Lower the likelihood of being exposed to COVID-19 by meeting people who don't live with you outdoors. Read options for indoor and outdoor activities.
How to Select, Wear, and Clean Your Mask
COVID-19 spreads mainly from person to person through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people who are nearby or possibly be inhaled into the lungs.
понедельник, 28 июня 2021 г.
Maternal diets rich in Omega-3 fatty acids may protect offspring from breast cancer, study suggests
Researchers noted a significant difference in mice from mothers that were fed a diet rich in canola oil, compared with mothers fed a diet rich in corn oil. A maternal Omega 3-rich diet affected genome-wide epigenetic landscape changes in offspring and potentially modulated gene expression patterns.
Researchers question prevailing Alzheimer's theory with new discovery
Experts estimate more than 6 million Americans are living with Alzheimer's dementia. But a recent study sheds new light on the disease and a highly debated new drug therapy.
Evidence-based patient-psychotherapist matching improves mental health care
Psychotherapy researchers have found that mental health care patients matched with therapists who had a strong track record of treating the patients' primary concerns had better results than patients who were not so matched.
Baby reef fishes swim for gold
Baby coral reef fishes can outpace all other baby fishes in the ocean, swimming around 15-40 body lengths per second.
'Unexciting' an anxious brain: Novel drug reduces anxiety-like behavior in mice
Anxiety is considered a natural response to stress. However, a state of heightened anxiety, called anxiety disorder, prevents thousands of people from living their best lives. While several underlying mechanisms have been therapeutically targeted, much remains to be discovered about this disorder. In an effort to get closer to unraveling the mechanisms that govern this condition, researchers have identified a drug that reduces glutamate-induced neurotransmission, involved in anxiety-like behavior.
Hundreds of lives saved in Kansas counties that adopted mask mandates, study finds
New research shows that despite cultural and political pushback, the evidence remains clear: Face masks made a difference in Kansas.
The most curious babies become the most curious toddlers
A longitudinal study of infant curiosity found that months-old babies most captivated by magic tricks became the most curious toddlers, suggesting a pre-verbal baby's level of interest in surprising aspects of the world remains constant over time and could predict their future cognitive ability.
Transient pacemaker harmlessly dissolves in body
The thin, flexible, lightweight device could be used in patients who need temporary pacing after cardiac surgery or while waiting for a permanent pacemaker. All components of the pacemaker are biocompatible and naturally absorb into the body's biofluids over the course of five to seven weeks, without needing surgical extraction.
Gene discovery may hold key to better therapies for OCD
New research finds that some cases of OCD are caused by damaging gene variants that, while rare, provide a needed starting point for the development of better therapeutics.
COVID-19 vaccine generates immune structures critical for lasting immunity
The first two COVID-19 vaccines authorized for emergency use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) employed mRNA technology, which had never before been used in FDA-approved vaccines. A new study has found evidence that the immune response to such vaccines is both strong and potentially long-lasting.
New molecule found in chestnut leaves disarms dangerous staph bacteria
Scientists isolated a molecule, extracted from the leaves of the European chestnut tree, with the power to neutralize dangerous, drug-resistant staph bacteria.
New technique to treat middle ear infections
In a new study, researchers have designed a miniaturized 3D-printed device to inactivate Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common bacterium that causes the infection.
GluN3A knockout mouse: Alternative model for Alzheimer's neurodegeneration
GluN3A-deficient mice display all aspects of Alzheimer's neurodegeneration.
Key Things to Know About COVID-19 Vaccines
Learn the key things you need to know about the new COVID-19 vaccines.
Striking gold: Synthesizing green gold nanoparticles for cancer therapy with biomolecules
Scientists have designed an eco-friendly protocol for synthesizing gold nanoparticles with optimized morphology for near-infrared light absorption using a biomolecule called B3 peptide. They report the synthesis of triangular and circular gold nanoplates and their effectiveness in killing cancer cells by converting the absorbed light into heat, providing useful insights for the development of non-invasive cancer therapy.
Deep machine learning completes information about the bioactivity of one million molecules
A newly developed tool predicts the biological activity of chemical compounds, key information to evaluate their therapeutic potential. Using artificial neural networks, scientists have inferred experimental data for a million compounds and have developed a package of programs to make estimates for any type of molecule.
Blood stem cells make brain tumors more aggressive
Scientists have discovered stem cells of the hematopoietic system in glioblastomas, the most aggressive form of brain tumor. These hematopoietic stem cells promote division of the cancer cells and at the same time suppress the immune response against the tumor. This surprising discovery might open up new possibilities for developing more effective immunotherapies against these malignant brain tumors.
Love: How the feeling of power determines happy relationships
Want to have a happy relationship? Make sure both partners feel they can decide on issues that are important to them. Objective power measured by income, for example, doesn't seem to play a big role, according to a new study. Instead, how lovers perceive power dynamics in their relationship is most important for relationship satisfaction.
Fast IR imaging-based AI identifies tumor type in lung cancer
The prognosis and effective therapies differ based on the type of lung cancer. While it previously took several days to precisely determine the underlying mutation, a research team has been able to reliably perform this determination in just one step using a combination of quantum cascade laser-based infrared microscopy and artificial intelligence.
New tools for pandemic prevention research: DNA sequencing from water and leeches
In new research, water from African and Mongolian waterholes as well as bloodmeals from Southeast Asian leeches were assessed for the ability to retrieve mammalian viruses without the need to find and catch the mammals. The scientists analyzed the samples using high-throughput sequencing to identify known viruses as well as viruses new to science.
Reporting COVID-19 Vaccination Demographic Data
CDC's COVID Data Tracker provides COVID-19 vaccination data in the United States, including Demographic Characteristics of People Receiving COVID-19 Vaccinations in the United States.
Honey, we shrunk the intense XUV laser
An international team of researchers has demonstrated a new concept for the generation of intense extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) radiation by high-harmonic generation (HHG). Its advantage lies in the fact that its footprint is much smaller than currently existing intense XUV lasers. The new scheme is straightforward and could be implemented in many laboratories worldwide, which may boost the research field of ultrafast XUV science.
Sunflower peptide as 'template' for potential analgesic
A naturally occurring peptide in sunflower seeds was synthetically optimized and has now been identified as a potential drug for treating abdominal pain or inflammation (in the gastrointestinal tract, abdominal area and/or internal organs).
Scientists develop simple blood test for early detection of Alzheimer's disease
An international research team has developed a simple but robust blood test from Chinese patient data for early detection and screening of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with an accuracy level of over 96%.
Saturated fatty acid levels increase when making memories
Saturated fatty acid levels unexpectedly rise in the brain during memory formation, according to new research.
Advanced care: Smart wound dressings with built-in healing sensors
New type of multifunctional wound dressings feature glowing nanosensors to track and monitor for infection. Harnessing the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory power of magnesium hydroxide, the smart dressings can also fight bacteria and reduce inflammation to help promote healing.
New face mask prototype can detect COVID-19 infection
Engineers have designed a prototype face mask that can diagnose the person wearing the mask with Covid-19 within about 90 minutes. The technology can also be used to design wearable sensors for a variety of other pathogens or toxic chemicals.
Edible Cholera vaccine made of powdered rice proves safe in phase 1 human trials, study suggests
Vaccine manufacturing made enormous strides in 2020, but the complexity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has highlighted the value of inoculations that can be made cheaply and transported and stored without refrigeration. A new needle-free cholera vaccine has been made by grinding up genetically modified grains of rice and can be stored long-term at room temperature. This innovation has shown no obvious side effects and a good immune response in its Phase 1 clinical trial.
What You Should Know About the Possibility of COVID-19 Illness After Vaccination
COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective. However, some people who are fully vaccinated will still get COVID-19 if they are exposed to the virus that causes it.
Test distinguishes SARS-CoV-2 from other coronaviruses with 100-percent accuracy
Researchers have demonstrated a tablet-sized device that can reliably detect multiple COVID-19 antibodies and biomarkers simultaneously. Initial results show the test can distinguish between antibodies produced in response to SARS-CoV-2 and four other coronaviruses with 100-percent accuracy. The researchers are now working to see if the easy-to-use, energy-independent, point-of-care device can be used to predict the severity of a COVID-19 infection or a person's immunity against variants of the virus.
воскресенье, 27 июня 2021 г.
Researchers find the adhesions that build the brain's networks
Researchers have discovered a crucial protein involved in the communication and coordination between astrocytes as they build synapses in the brain. Lacking this molecule, called hepaCAM, astrocytes aren't as sticky as they should be, and tend to stick to themselves rather than forming connections with their fellow astrocytes.
суббота, 26 июня 2021 г.
Potential new CAR-T cell therapy for multiple myeloma
Researchers are studying a potential new chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy (CAR-T cell therapy) treatment for multiple myeloma.
Differences in human, mouse brain cells have important implications for disease research
A study comparing brain cells known as astrocytes in humans and mice found that mouse astrocytes are more resilient to oxidative stress, a damaging imbalance that is a mechanism behind many neurological disorders.
Sleeper cells: Newly discovered stem cell resting phase could put brain tumors to sleep
Biomedical engineering researchers developed a new cell classifier tool that takes a higher-resolution look at the life cycle of neuroepithelial stem cells, which led to the discovery and exploration of a new resting phase called Neural G0. This knowledge could help scientists to better understand glioma brain tumors and develop new methods of treatment.
Having the same nurse for home health visits may prevent rehospitalization for people with dementia
People with dementia receiving home health care visits are less likely to be readmitted to the hospital when there is consistency in nursing staff, according to a new study.
People across the world favor paid parental leave, study finds
Although the United States is the only wealthy nation that doesn't guarantee paid leave to mothers or fathers after the arrival of a new child, Americans endorse providing paid time off for parents nearly as much as people from other countries. About 82% of Americans support paid maternity leave, just slightly less than the 86% who support it in 26 wealthy nations, a new study shows.
Scientists discover how dengue vaccine fails to protect against disease
Researchers discovered that a small subpopulation of antibodies binding to unique sites on each serotype are linked to protection. The research provides important information for vaccine developers to consider when creating a dengue vaccine, which has long eluded scientists.
Putting functional proteins in their place
Using DNA, scientists organized bioactive proteins in desired 2D and 3D ordered arrays -- promising for structural biology, biomedicine, and more.
Bigger may not always be better: Density governs receptor activation on immune cells
Scientists have gained novel insights into how an important class of immune receptors called tumor necrosis factor receptors (TNFR) are activated.
Can a calculator predict your risk of dementia?
Researchers have built and validated an online calculator that empowers individuals 55 and over to better understand the health of their brain and how they can reduce their risk of being diagnosed with dementia in the next five years.
AI used to predict unknown links between viruses and mammals
A new study could help scientists mitigate the future spread of zoonotic and livestock diseases caused by existing viruses. Researchers have used a form or artificial intelligence (AI) called machine-learning to predict more than 20,000 unknown associations between known viruses and susceptible mammalian species.
Small-scale engineering could bring big progress in medical care
Researchers are using bioengineering to trigger and control cell differentiation and transition is expand possibilities for diagnostics, vaccine development and therapeutic treatments.
Early findings of Alzheimer's study in diverse populations now available to researchers
A growing trove of data to help scientists understand the biology of Alzheimer's disease among diverse populations within the context of sociocultural, behavioral and environmental factors is now available.
Muscling up with nanoparticle-based anti-inflammatory therapy
Researchers have developed a new approach in which specifically designed anti-inflammatory nanoparticles (NPs) that could be applied locally and selectively to chronically inflamed muscles severely affected or at more immediate risk of deterioration, and maybe difficult to reach with oral therapeutics.
Genetic discovery could help guide treatment for aggressive childhood cancer
A new study could lead to improved decision making in assigning treatments for children with the aggressive cancer rhabdomyosarcoma after revealing key genetic changes underlying development of the disease.
How immune cells can be trained to fight infections
The body's immune cells fight off microbes and other invaders, and can also be reprogrammed or 'trained' to respond even more aggressively to such threats, report scientists who have discovered the fundamental rule underlying this process in a particular class of cells. Their findings could help pave the way for targeted strategies to enhance the immune system.
Gastrulation research reveals novel details about embryonic development
Scientists revise the current textbook knowledge about gastrulation, the formation of the basic body plan during embryonic development. Their study in mice has implications for cell replacement strategies and cancer research.
пятница, 25 июня 2021 г.
Leopard gecko skin tumors traced to cancer gene
In a rare gecko color variety known as Lemon Frost, scientists have traced an unusual coloring and tendency to form tumors to a gene linked to human melanoma.
Glial cells help mitigate neurological damage in Huntington's disease
Glia affected by Huntington's disease respond by tuning down synapse genes, which has a protective effect.
U.S. COVID-19 Vaccination Program: Vaccine Channel Portfolio by Jurisdiction
This report provides an overview of the multiple channels being used to ensure all Americans have access to COVID-19 vaccine. Jurisdictional delivery and administration portfolios vary across the United States because of population variability.
Study confirms the low likelihood that SARS-CoV-2 on hospital surfaces is infectious
A new study confirms the low likelihood that coronavirus contamination on hospital surfaces is infectious. The study is the original report on recovering near-complete SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences directly from surface swabs.
Membrane proteins of bacteria and humans show surprising similarities
The cells of simple organisms, such as bacteria, as well as human cells are surrounded by a membrane, which fulfills various tasks including protecting the cell from stress. Researchers have now discovered that a membrane protein found in bacteria has a similar structure and function as a group of proteins that are responsible for remodeling and rebuilding the cell membrane in humans. No connection between the two protein groups was known before.
How neurons get past 'no'
A new study shows that inhibitory neurons do more than just inhibit neuron activity like an off-switch; paradoxically, they actually increase the amount of information transmitted through the nervous system.
People with fibromyalgia are substituting CBD for opioids to manage pain
As the ravages of the opioid epidemic lead many to avoid these powerful painkillers, a significant number of people with fibromyalgia are finding an effective replacement in CBD-containing products, finds a new study.
COVID-linked multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children diagnosed more in Black and Latino children
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) significantly affected more Black and Latino children than white children, with Black children at the highest risk, according to a new study. Researchers also found cardiac complications, including systolic myocardial dysfunction and valvular regurgitation, were more common in MIS-C patients who were critically ill.
Potato and rice protein shakes may be a viable vegan alternative to whey protein shakes, research suggests
A new study found that plant-based protein shakes may be potential viable alternatives to milk-based whey protein shakes, particularly in people with need of careful monitoring of glucose levels.
Decoding humans' survival from coronaviruses
Researchers analyzed the genomes of more than 2,500 modern humans from 26 worldwide populations, to better understand how humans have adapted to historical coronavirus outbreaks.
Enlisting the newly discovered L-IST RNA in the fight against type 2 diabetes
Across the world, type 2 diabetes is on the rise. A research group has discovered a new gene that may hold the key to preventing and treating lifestyle related diseases such as type 2 diabetes.
COVID Data Tracker Weekly Review
A review of the week's key data from CDC's COVID Data Tracker, narrative interpretations, and visualizations.
A detailed atlas of the developing brain
Researchers have created a first detailed atlas of a critical region of the developing mouse brain, applying multiple advanced genomic technologies to the part of the cerebral cortex that is responsible for processing sensation. By measuring how gene activity and regulation change over time, researchers have a better understanding of how the cortex is built and a new tool to explore how it is affected in neurodevelopmental disease.
Cardiac atrophy findings may set course for preventing harm from long space flights
New findings shed light on the molecular triggers of rapid cardiac atrophy. Findings have potential implications for space travel.
Virus that causes COVID-19 can find alternate route to infect cells
The virus that causes COVID-19 normally gets inside cells by attaching to a protein called ACE2. Researchers have found that a single mutation confers the ability to enter cells through another route, which may threaten the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics designed to block the standard route of entry.
четверг, 24 июня 2021 г.
Adolescent marijuana, alcohol use held steady during COVID-19 pandemic
Adolescent marijuana use and binge drinking did not significantly change during the COVID-19 pandemic, despite record decreases in the substances' perceived availability, according to a survey of 12th graders in the United States. The study's findings challenge the idea that reducing adolescent use of drugs can be achieved solely by limiting their supply.
Tracking data show how the quiet of pandemic-era lockdowns allowed pumas to venture closer to urban areas
Researchers were able to clearly connect declining levels of human mobility during regional shelter-in-place orders with pumas' increased willingness to utilize more urban habitat areas.
When did the first COVID-19 case arise?
Using methods from conservation science, a new analysis suggests that the first case of COVID-19 arose between early October and mid-November, 2019 in China, with the most likely date of origin being November 17.
Genetic study of liver cancer reveals new drug target
Drugs targeting the gene MAGEA3 may help block the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of primary liver cancer and one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in the country. That's one conclusion of a new study analyzing the genetics of HCC tumors.
Rude behavior at work not an epidemic, new study shows
Prior research shows 98 percent of employees experience rude behavior at work, but that statistic may be misunderstood, according to new study.
Versatile, fast and reliable SARS-CoV-2 antibody assay
During the continued progression of the coronavirus pandemic, rapid, inexpensive, and reliable tests will become increasingly important to determine whether people have the associated antibodies -- either through infection or vaccination. Researchers have now developed such a rapid antibody test. It provides the result in only eight minutes; the aim is to further reduce the process time to four minutes.
Scientists may need to rethink which genes control aging, study suggests
Researchers fed fruit flies antibiotics and monitored the lifetime activity of hundreds of genes that scientists have traditionally thought control aging. To their surprise, the antibiotics not only extended the lives of the flies but also dramatically changed the activity of many of these genes. Their results suggested that only about 30% of the genes traditionally associated with aging set an animal's internal clock while the rest reflect the body's response to bacteria.
Non-invasive potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease
Ultrasound can overcome some of the detrimental effects of ageing and dementia without the need to cross the blood-brain barrier, researchers have found.
Possible Side Effects After Getting a COVID-19 Vaccine
COVID-19 vaccination will help protect you from getting COVID-19. You may have some side effects, which are a normal sign that your body is building protection. These side effects may affect your ability to do daily activities, but they should go away in a few days.
Preventing the break-in of the toxoplasmosis parasite
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite which, to survive, must absolutely penetrate its host's cells. Understanding how the parasite manages to enter host cells offers opportunities to develop more prevention. A team has now identified the key role of RON13, which is essential for the invasion process. The three-dimensional structure and the site of action of this enzyme are atypical, thus offering the possibility of designing specific inhibitors to stop the infection.
Children's beat gestures predict the subsequent development of their oral skills
New research shows that the early production of beat gestures with the hands (i.e., gestures normally associated with emphasis that do not represent the semantic content of speech) by infants between 14 and 58 months of age in natural interactions with their carers predicts that in their later development, nearing the age of five, these children obtain better results insofar as their oral narrative skills.
No lab required: New technology can diagnose infections in minutes
Engineering, biochemistry and medical researchers at McMaster University have combined their skills to create a hand-held rapid test for bacterial infections that can produce accurate, reliable results in less than an hour, eliminating the need to send samples to a lab.
Timely treatment with COVID-19 monoclonal antibodies can reduce hospitalizations, pandemic's stress on health care systems
Monoclonal antibodies work well in reducing COVID-19 related emergency department visits and hospitalizations when administered early to high-risk patients, a study demonstrates. If used under FDA guidelines, the researchers suggest, this treatment can ease the pandemic's continuing burden on patients and on limited health care resources.
New protein engineering method could accelerate the discovery of COVID-19 therapeutics
Researchers have found a simple method for identifying nanobodies with drug-like properties suitable for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infections. They demonstrated the approach by generating nanobodies that neutralized the SARS-CoV-2 virus more potently than an antibody isolated from an infected patient and a nanobody isolated from an immunized animal.
Updated analysis of U.S. COVID-19 deaths shows drops, disparities in average lifespans
In the U.S., COVID-19 reduced overall life expectancy by over 1.3 years, with the effects on Black and Latino populations 2 to 3 times those for the white population.
New class of compounds found to block coronavirus reproduction
A human genetic mechanism hijacked by SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus behind the COVID-19 pandemic, to help it spread also makes it vulnerable to a new class of drug candidates, a new study finds.
Tree pollen carries SARS-CoV-2 particles farther, facilitates virus spread, study finds
A study on the role of microscopic particles in virus transmission suggests pollen is nothing to sneeze at. In a new study, researchers investigate how pollen facilitates the spread of an RNA virus like the COVID-19 virus. The study draws on cutting-edge computational approaches for analyzing fluid dynamics to mimic the pollen movement from a willow tree, a prototypical pollen emitter. Airborne pollen grains contribute to the spread of airborne viruses, especially in crowded environments.
Pandemic air quality due to weather, not just lockdowns, study finds
Using a diverse set of tools, researchers show how the pandemic did -- or didn't -- affect fine particulate matter concentrations during COVID lockdowns.
Information About Johnson & Johnson's Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine
Johnson & Johnson's Janssen COVID-19 vaccine is recommended for people aged 18 years and older.
Information about the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine
Name: BNT162b2Manufacturer: Pfizer, Inc., and BioNTechType of vaccine: mRNANumber of shots: 2 shots, 21 days apartHow given: Shot in the muscle of the upper arm
Federal Register Notice: Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions to Prevent the Further Spread of COVID-19
Dr. Robert Redfield signed a declaration determining that the evictions of tenants could be detrimental to public health control measures to slow the spread COVID-19
Healthcare Facilities That Have Implemented COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting
Healthcare Facilities That Have Implemented COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting
Pandemic drives largest decrease in U.S. life expectancy since 1943
U.S. life expectancy decreased by 1.87 years between 2018 and 2020, according to new research. The numbers are worse for people of color. On average, whereas life expectancy among white Americans decreased by 1.36 years in 2020, it decreased by 3.25 years in Black Americans and 3.88 years in Hispanic Americans.
среда, 23 июня 2021 г.
Powerful people are less likely to be understanding when mistakes are made
Those with power, such as the wealthy are more likely to blame others for having shortcomings and they are also less troubled by reports of inequality, according to recent research.
Abnormal response to cellular stress is associated with Huntington's disease
A new study finds that the persistence of a marker of chronic cellular stress, previously associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), also takes place in the brains of Huntington's disease (HD) patients.
Roadmap to HIV eradication via stem cell therapy
A groundbreaking study found that stem cells reduce the amount of virus causing AIDS, boost the body's antiviral immunity, and restore the gut's lymphoid follicles damaged by HIV. It provided a roadmap for multi-pronged HIV eradication strategies.
Fracture setting method could replace metal plates, with fewer complications
A new biocompatible polymer-based composite material could soon replace metal plates in treating difficult and unstable fractures. The newly-developed material is as strong as dental composites yet non-toxic.
Selected Adverse Events Reported after COVID-19 Vaccination
COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective. Millions of people in the United States have received COVID-19 vaccines, and these vaccines will undergo the most intensive safety monitoring in U.S. history. CDC recommends you get a COVID-19 vaccine as soon as you are eligible. Adverse events described on this page have been reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS).
Operational Considerations for Adapting a Contact Tracing Program to Respond to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Contact tracing is a key component of controlling transmission of infectious diseases. This document is for CDC country offices, ministries of health, sub-national public health authorities, and other implementing partners in non-US settings. While select adaptations may be relevant for any jurisdiction, the document focuses on adaptations that might be especially useful in low- and middle-income countries.
What to Expect at Your Appointment to Get Vaccinated for COVID-19
Because COVID-19 is a new disease with new vaccines, you may have questions about what happens before, during, and after your appointment to get vaccinated. These tips will help you know what to expect when you get vaccinated, what information your provider will give you, and resources you can use to monitor your health after you are vaccinated.
AI to track cognitive deviation in aging brains
Researchers have developed an artificial intelligence-based brain age prediction model to quantify deviations from a healthy brain-aging trajectory in patients with mild cognitive impairment, according to a new study. The model has the potential to aid in early detection of cognitive impairment at an individual level.
Protein linked to heart health, disease a potential therapeutic target for dementia
Researchers have found that high levels of a normal protein associated with reduced heart disease also protect against Alzheimer's-like damage in mice, opening up new approaches to slowing or stopping brain damage and cognitive decline in people with Alzheimer's.
Sneeze cam reveals best fabric combos for cloth masks
Researchers have used high-speed videos of a person sneezing to identify the optimal cloth mask design.
Milk protein could help boost blueberries' healthfulness
Pairing blueberry pie with a scoop of ice cream is a nice summer treat. Aside from being tasty, this combination might also help people take up more of the 'superfruit's' nutrients, such as anthocyanins. Researchers show that a protein found in cow's milk helped rats absorb more blueberry anthocyanins and their byproducts, boosting accessibility to these good-for-you nutrients.
Seeking a treatment for IBS pain in tarantula venom
For patients who have inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBS), the condition is literally a pain in the gut. Chronic -- or long-term -- abdominal pain is common, and there are currently no effective treatment options for this debilitating symptom. In a new study, researchers identify a new potential source of relief: a molecule derived from spider venom. In experiments with mice, they found that one dose could stop symptoms associated with IBS pain.
Half of young adults with COVID-19 have persistent symptoms 6 months after, study finds
A new paper describes persistent symptoms six months after acute COVID-19, even in young home isolated people. The most common symptoms were loss of smell and/or taste, fatigue, shortness of breath, impaired concentration, and memory problems.
Language trade-off? No, bilingual children reliably acquire English by age 5
A new study in U.S.-born children from Spanish-speaking families finds that minority language exposure does not threaten the acquisition of English by children in the U.S. and that there is no trade-off between English and Spanish. Rather, children reliably acquire English by age 5, and their total language knowledge is greater to the degree that they also acquire Spanish. Children's level of English knowledge was independent of their level of Spanish knowledge.
Salton Sea aerosol exposure triggers unique and mysterious pulmonary response
Communities surrounding the Salton Sea, the inland body of water straddling California's Riverside and Imperial counties, show high rates of asthma due, possibly, to high aerosol dust levels resulting from the sea shrinking over time. Scientists suspect, however, the Salton Sea plays an additional role in pulmonary health. A new study performed on mice has found Salton Sea aerosol turns on nonallergic inflammation genes and may also promote lung inflammation.
CDC Readiness and Planning Tool: To Prevent the Spread of COVID-19 in Primary and Secondary Schools in Low Resource Non-U.S. Settings
CDC offers a readiness and planning tool to share ways school administrators can help protect students, staff, and communities, and slow the spread of COVID-19. This tool aligns with the Operational Considerations for Schools for low resource non-US settings.
Combining three techniques boosts brain-imaging precision
Researchers have developed a method to combine three brain-imaging techniques to more precisely capture the timing and location of brain responses to a stimulus. Their study is the first to combine the three widely used technologies - fMRI, EEG and EROS - for simultaneous imaging of brain activity.
Cellular signatures of kidney tumors discovered
The origins of seven types of kidney cancer, including several rare subtypes, have been identified by researchers. The findings confirm that these cancers have their origin in specific forms of developmental cells present in the maturing fetus.
Recycling of the eye's light sensors is faulty in progressive blindness of older adults
With the National Eye Institute reporting that about 11 million older adults in the U.S. endure a condition that leads to progressive blindness, known as age-related macular degeneration, researchers are starting to understand what goes wrong in the disease, in order to develop new therapies to treat it.
Using virtual populations for clinical trials
A study involving virtual rather than real patients was as effective as traditional clinical trials in evaluating a medical device used to treat brain aneurysms, according to new research. The findings are proof of concept for what are called in-silico trials, where instead of recruiting people to a real-life clinical trial, researchers build digital simulations of patient groups, loosely akin to the way virtual populations are built in various computer games.
Rap1 controls the body's sugar levels from the brain
Researchers have discovered a mechanism in a small area of the brain that regulates whole-body glucose balance without affecting body weight.
Running to music combats mental fatigue, study suggests
Listening to music while running might be the key to improving people's performance when they feel mentally fatigued a study suggests. The performance of runners who listened to a self-selected playlist after completing a demanding thinking task was at the same level as when they were not mentally fatigued, the research found. The study is the first to investigate the effect of listening to music playlists on endurance running capacity and performance when mentally fatigued.
Starchy snacks may increase CVD risk; fruits and veggies at certain meals decreases risk
Eating fruits with lunch, vegetables at dinner and a dairy snack in the evening was associated with a reduced risk of early death by cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality, according to a study of U.S. adults. Eating a Western lunch (typically containing a high quantity of refined grains, cheese and cured meat) was associated with an elevated risk of CVD and all-cause mortalities in the same study.
вторник, 22 июня 2021 г.
Switching from Western diet to a balanced diet may reduce skin, joint inflammation
Diet rich in sugar and fat leads to disruption in the gut's microbial culture and contributes to inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis. Research shows that switching to a more balanced diet restores the gut's health and suppresses inflammation.
In many cases, MS starts long before the diagnosis
Years before they are diagnosed, persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) make significantly more visits to doctors and hospitals than others. Specialists have recently discussed whether this might represent a preliminary phase of MS - known as a prodrome. A new study suggests that, in many cases, the complaints may relate to unrecognized early clinical MS events.
'Urban green space affects citizens' happiness'
A recent study revealed that as a city becomes more economically developed, its citizens' happiness becomes more directly related to the area of urban green space.
Cancer immunotherapy may self-limit its efficacy
Cancer immunotherapy involving drugs that inhibit CTLA-4 also activates an unwanted response that may self-limit its efficacy in fighting tumors, according to a new study.
New research finds GCSE results linked to child's enjoyment of school aged six
A child's enjoyment of school at six years old is linked to their General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) results aged 16, according to new research.
понедельник, 21 июня 2021 г.
Pathogenic bacteria rendered almost harmless
By identifying one of the mechanisms regulating the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a research team is proposing a new strategy to combat this bacterium, which is resistant to many common antibiotics.
Nrf2: The custodian regulating oxidative stress and immunity against acrylamide toxicity
A study using genetically modified mice shows that a protein called Nrf2 increases the expression of protective genes in the acrylamide-induced toxic response.
New position statement declares that sleep is essential to health
A new position statement emphasizes that sleep is a biological necessity, and insufficient sleep and untreated sleep disorders are detrimental for health, well-being, and public safety.
New method developed to detect and adjust population structure in genetic summary data
Researchers announced the development of a new method to increase the utility and equity of large genetic databases.
Exposure to pollutants, increased free-radical damage speeds up aging
A new study suggests that unrepaired DNA damage can increase the speed of aging.
Birthdays and COVID-19
A recent study found that the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection increased 30 percent for households with a recent birthday in counties with high rates of COVID-19, but no such jumps were seen in areas with low rates of infection. The findings suggest informal social gatherings such as birthday parties played role in infection spread at the height of the coronavirus pandemic.
A tapeworm drug against SARS-CoV-2?
Researchers have examined the way in which SARS-CoV-2 reprograms the metabolism of the host cell in order to gain an overall advantage. In their study, the researchers were able to identify four substances which inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in the host cell.
COVID-19 dual-antibody therapies effective against variants in animal study
A new study suggests that many, but not all, COVID-19 therapies made from combinations of two antibodies are effective against a wide range of virus variants. Further, combination therapies appear to prevent the emergence of drug resistance.
SARS-CoV-2 infections may trigger antibody responses against multiple virus proteins
All coronaviruses produce four primary structural proteins and multiple nonstructural proteins. However, the majority of antibody-based SARS-CoV-2 research has focused on the spike and nucleocapsid proteins. A new study suggests that immune responses may develop against other proteins produced by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Gene profile in blood predicts risk of poor outcomes, death for patients with COVID-19
A previously validated blood gene profile that predicts idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis mortality was repurposed to assess the likelihood of COVID-19 survival, a new study reports,
Antibody disease enhancement of COVID-19 does not appear to occur in animal models
Researchers have demonstrated in mice and monkeys that human antibodies lacked the ability to make SARS-CoV-2 infection worse and, instead, exerted their defensive powers against the infection. The findings help reinforce evidence that antibodies are safe when given as treatments or induced by COVID-19 vaccines.
How the surfaces of silicone breast implants affect the immune system
A team analyzed how the surface topography on silicone breast implants influences health complications such as scarring, inflammation, and a rare type of lymphoma.
New research finds link between walking speed and dual tasking after stroke
Research has found that training stroke survivors to walk at a faster speed during recovery can help improve the brain function that enables people to walk and perform another task simultaneously, known as dual-task walking.
Targeted therapy could be first line treatment for childhood cancer
Scientists studying a common childhood cancer have made a major breakthrough which could lead to a cure for some youngsters who would not have survived the condition.
Adjuvant-free avian influenza vaccines in the works
Researchers develop a new avian influenza vaccine using plant-based recombinant protein.
Microscopy deep learning predicts viral infections
When viruses infect cells, changes in the cell nucleus occur, and these can be observed through fluorescence microscopy. Using fluorescence images from live cells, researchers have trained an artificial neural network to reliably recognize cells that are infected by adenoviruses or herpes viruses. The procedure also identifies severe acute infections at an early stage.
Summer catch-up programs need to focus on teens' wellbeing, not just academic progress
Summer holiday school catch-up programs to address gaps in knowledge after school closures need to support children who are still struggling due to social isolation.
Cellular mechanisms of early mammary gland development unraveled
A research group used live tissue imaging for the first time to visualize the emergence of the mammary gland.
Twenty-year study links childhood depression to disrupted adult health and functioning
Depression in youth, between the ages of 10 and 24 years, is both a leading cause of stress and a possible risk factor for future diseases and impairment. Now, a study confirms that depression in childhood or adolescence is associated with higher levels of adult anxiety and substance use disorders, worse health and social functioning, less financial and educational achievement, and increased criminality.
Scientists reveal silver-based antimicrobials can be utilized as antibiotic adjuvants to combat antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
A research team discovers that silver (Ag)-based antimicrobials can effectively combat antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus by targeting multiple biological pathways via functional disruption of key proteins and can be further exploited to enhance the efficacy of conventional antibiotics as well as to resensitize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to antibiotics.
People with Disabilities
People with disabilities and those who support them can take steps to prevent illness and stay healthy during the COVID-19 pandemic.
People with Developmental Disabilities
People with developmental and behavioral disorders and those who care for them can take steps to prevent illness and stay healthy during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Cases & Deaths by County
Find national and local rates for COVID cases and deaths in the United States.
There's more to genes than DNA: How Mum and Dad add something extra, just for you
Biologists have discovered 71 new 'imprinted' genes in the mouse genome, a finding that takes them a step closer to unravelling some of the mysteries of epigenetics - an area of science that describes how genes are switched on (and off) in different cells, at different stages in development and adulthood.
Some blood pressure-lowering meds linked to less memory decline in older adults, study finds
High blood pressure is a risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia in older adults. Studies have shown that commonly prescribed high blood pressure medications, or antihypertensives, may have a positive, beneficial impact on cognitive function including memory. This meta-analysis compares the impact on memory over time associated with taking antihypertensives that cross the blood-brain barrier versus those that do not.
Researchers explore microbial ecosystem in search of drugs to fight SARS-CoV-2
Researchers have found that certain commensal bacteria that reside in the human intestine produce compounds that inhibit SARS-CoV-2.
Study evaluates potential causes of increased transmission in SARS-CoV-2 variants
Although two SARS-CoV-2 variants are associated with higher transmission, patients with these variants show no evidence of higher viral loads in their upper respiratory tracts compared to the control group, a new study found.
COVID-19 Contact Tracing Communications Toolkit for Health Departments
This toolkit will help health departments develop their communications with communities about COVID-19 contact tracing.
mRNA vaccine yields full protection against malaria in mice
Scientists developed an mRNA vaccine that protects against malaria in animal models. Malaria remains a large public health and economic burden worldwide as well as a danger to deployed Service Members. This vaccine uses mRNA accompanied by a lipid nanoparticle to prompt cells to code for circumsporozoite protein, which then triggers an immune response against malaria. The vaccine achieved high levels of protection in mice, encouraging further development for the novel platform.
Contact Tracing Resources for Health Departments
CDC general principles for COVID and what CDC is doing to support contact tracing.
суббота, 19 июня 2021 г.
New therapeutic target for C. difficile infection
A new study paves the way for the development of next generation therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), the most frequent cause of healthcare-acquired gastrointestinal infections and death in developed countries.
Researchers review data on reputed toxins thought to cause neurodegeneration
Biologists and neuroscientists have published an update on the reputed environmental toxins that have been suspected of being involved in mammal neurodegeneration.
Imaging at the tip of a needle
Scientists have developed a new technique that could revolutionize medical imaging procedures using light.
New evidence to battle drug price increases
Two recent studies add new evidence to the impact of how drug price increases affect US patients and the overall cost of health care.
Use rewards effectively to boost creativity
To boost employees' creativity, managers should consider offering a set of rewards for them to choose from, according to a new study.
Will reduction in tau protein protect against Parkinson's and Lewy body dementias?
Will a reduction in tau protein in brain neurons protect against Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementias? A new study suggests the answer is no. If this is borne out, that result differs from Alzheimer's disease, where reducing endogenous tau levels in brain neurons is protective for multiple models of the disease -- and thus suggests that the role of tau in the pathogenesis of Lewy body dementias is distinct from Alzheimer's disease.
Bio-inspired hydrogel protects the heart from post-op adhesions
A hydrogel that forms a barrier to keep heart tissue from adhering to surrounding tissue after surgery was developed and successfully tested in rodents. The team of engineers, scientists and physicians also conducted a pilot study on porcine hearts, with promising results.
Start-stop system of hunting immune cells
Researchers decipher the basic biology of neutrophil swarming and now show that the cells also evolved an intrinsic molecular program to self-limit their swarming activity. The study elucidates how swarming neutrophils become insensitive to their own secreted signals that brought the swarm together in the first place. This process is crucial for the efficient elimination of bacteria in tissues.
How cells 'read' artificial ingredients tossed into genetic recipe
Researchers discovered that the enzyme RNA polymerase II recognizes and transcribes artificially added base pairs in genetic code, a new insight that could help advance the development of new vaccines and medicines.
Tug-of-war receptors for sour taste in fruit flies sheds light on human taste biology
Sour taste does not have the nearly universal appeal that sweet taste does. Slightly sour foods or drinks such as yogurt and lemon juice are yummy to many, but such highly sour foods as spoiled milk are yucky, even dangerous. Like humans, many other animals, including insects, prefer slightly acidic over very acidic foods.
Unraveling the origin of Alzheimer's disease
Researchers studying prions -- misfolded proteins that cause lethal incurable diseases -- have identified the surface features of human prions responsible for their replication in the brain.
First evidence that medieval plague victims were buried individually with 'considerable care'
DNA analysis has revealed the presence of 'Yersinia Pestis' - the pathogen that causes plague - in skeletal remains from individual burials in medieval Cambridgeshire, confirming for the first time that not all plague victims were buried in mass graves. Compassion and care were shown to victims even during traumatic times during past pandemics.
Innovative mouse model pumps new blood into study of pediatric heart disease
Researchers have created a mouse model of restrictive cardiomyopathy, a disease in which the heart muscle becomes stiff and the heart is unable to properly fill with blood. Their data suggest that the disease results from the accumulation of mutant BAG3 protein, which interferes with the protein quality control system and the machinery for breaking down and recycling damaged proteins, disrupting the heart muscle components.
пятница, 18 июня 2021 г.
In the visual thalamus, neurons are in contact with both eyes but respond to only one
The visual thalamus is classically known to relay visual stimuli coming from the retina to the cerebral cortex. Researchers now show that although neurons in the mouse visual thalamus connect to both eyes, they establish strong functional connections only with one retina. These results settle partly contradictory results of earlier studies and demonstrate how important it can be to complement structural data with functional analyses.
Memory helps us evaluate situations on the fly, not just recall the past
Scientists have long known the brain's hippocampus is crucial for long-term memory. Now a new study has found the hippocampus also plays a role in short-term memory and helps guide decision-making. The findings shed light on how the hippocampus contributes to memory and exploration, potentially leading to therapies that restore hippocampal function, which is impacted in memory-related aging and neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia, the study authors said.
How childhood exercise could maintain and promote cognitive function in later life
People who are physically active during childhood have higher cognitive functions in later life. Participants who exercised when they were children did better on cognitive tests regardless of their current age. However, no such relationship was found between task performance and post-childhood exercise -- suggesting that exercise during childhood is particularly important for brain development and long-term cognitive health.
Science-based hiccups intervention
A science-based intervention relieved hiccups for 92% of 249 users who self-reported the effectiveness of the tool. =
Researchers translate a bird's brain activity into song
It is possible to re-create a bird's song by reading only its brain activity, shows a first proof-of-concept study. The researchers were able to reproduce the songbird's complex vocalizations down to the pitch, volume and timbre of the original. The study is a first step towards developing vocal prostheses for humans who have lost the ability to speak.
Frequently Asked Questions from Operators or Managers of Pools, Beaches, Waterparks, and other Aquatic Venues
Frequently Asked Questions from Aquatics Operators and Managers
Researchers find losartan is not effective in reducing hospitalization from mild COVID-19
In a new study, researchers determined that the common blood pressure medication, losartan, is not effective in reducing hospitalization for mildly-ill COVID-19 outpatients.
Highly sensitive test for SARS-CoV-2 may enable rapid point-of-care testing for COVID
Researchers have created an intelligent nanopore system sensitive enough to detect single SARS-CoV-2 virus particles. By training a machine-learning algorithm, the platform was able to identify between various coronaviruses in just five minutes. This work may lead to fast and accurate point-of-care testing for COVID and other communicable diseases.
Cell death discovery could lead to new treatment for COPD
Inhibiting necroptosis, a form of cell death, could yield a new treatment approach for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an inflammatory lung condition also known as emphysema, new research shows. The study revealed elevated levels of necroptosis in patients with COPD. By inhibiting necroptosis activity in the lung tissue of COPD patients the researchers found a significant reduction in chronic airway inflammation and lung damage.
Stress during pandemic linked to poor sleep
A study found that stress, anxiety and depression during the first few weeks of the pandemic were associated with less and lower quality sleep. In a survey of more than 900 twins, about half of the respondents reported no change in sleep patterns, but 32.9 percent reported decreased sleep. Another 29.8 percent reported sleeping more. The researchers found that any change in sleep was connected to self-reported mental health issues, though more strongly associated with decreased sleep.
'Mosquito smoothie' innovation boosts future malaria vaccine potential
A faster method for collecting pure malaria parasites from infected mosquitos could accelerate the development of new, more potent malaria vaccines.
Yellow fever mosquitoes evolve different strategies to resist pesticides
The yellow fever mosquito spreads multiple untreatable viruses in humans and is primarily controlled using a pesticide called permethrin. However, many mosquitoes are evolving resistance to the pesticide. A new study identifies mutations linked to different permethrin resistance strategies, which threaten our ability to control disease outbreaks.
Targeting cellular response to SARS-CoV-2 holds promise as new way to fight infection
A new treatment approach focused on fixing cell damage, rather than fighting the virus directly, is effective against SARS-CoV-2 in lab models. If found safe for human use, this anti-viral treatment would make COVID-19 symptoms milder and speed up recovery times.
четверг, 17 июня 2021 г.
When You've Been Fully Vaccinated
Recommendations on what activities people can do after they have been fully vaccinated, including how to gather safely with vaccinated and unvaccinated people.
Comprehensive RNA-Atlas
By cleverly combining complementary sequencing techniques, researchers have deepened our understanding of the function of known RNA molecules and discovered thousands of new RNAs. A better understanding of our transcriptome is essential to better understand disease processes and uncover novel genes that may serve as therapeutic targets or biomarkers.
Beneficial bacteria can be restored to C-section babies at birth
Babies born by Cesarean section don't have the same healthy bacteria as those born vaginally, but a new study finds that these natural bacteria can be restored.
Thin, stretchable biosensors could make surgery safer
A research team has developed bio-inks for biosensors that could help localize critical regions in tissues and organs during surgical operations.
If you ride an e-scooter, take safety precautions
New research shows that nearly 28% of all electric scooters reported injuries were head and neck injuries.
A remote control for gene transfer
Researchers develop technology to introduce genes into single cells in a targeted manner.
Prototype may diagnose common pregnancy complications by monitoring placental oxygen
Researchers have developed a prototype device that could potentially diagnose pregnancy complications by monitoring the oxygen level of the placenta. The device sends near-infrared light through the pregnant person's abdomen to measure oxygen levels in the arterial and venous network in the placenta.
Induced hypothermia after cardiac arrest did not improve survival
Since 2005, the guidelines for the care of unconscious cardiac arrest patients have been to cool the body temperature down to 33 degrees Celsius. A large, randomized clinical trial has now shown that this treatment does not improve survival.
Care for Breastfeeding Women
Find information on managing breastfeeding patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19.
First months decisive for immune system development
Many diseases caused by a dysregulated immune system, such as allergies, asthma and autoimmunity, can be traced back to events in the first few months after birth. To date, the mechanisms behind the development of the immune system have not been fully understood. Now, researchers show a connection between breast milk, beneficial gut bacteria and the development of the immune system.
Selected Adverse Events Reported after COVID-19 Vaccination
COVID-19 vaccines are safe and effective. Millions of people in the United States have received COVID-19 vaccines, and these vaccines will undergo the most intensive safety monitoring in U.S. history. CDC recommends you get a COVID-19 vaccine as soon as you are eligible. Adverse events described on this page have been reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS).
Study identifies trigger for 'head-to-tail' axis development in human embryo
Scientists have identified key molecular events in the developing human embryo between days 7 and 14 -- one of the most mysterious, yet critical, stages of our development.
Focus on emotions is key to improving heart health in people living with obesity
People living with obesity who attended a non-judgemental and personalized lifestyle modification program improved their cardiovascular and mental health during just 10 weeks, according to a new study. Participants lost weight and achieved benefits in anxiety and depression and physical measurements including blood pressure.
CDC's Role in Tracking Variants
Variants of SARS-CoV-2 have been detected in the U.S. and around the world. Learn about surveillance methods CDC uses to keep track of variants.
Children with asymptomatic malaria a 'hidden risk' to disease control efforts
The role of people infected with malaria without showing symptoms presents a hidden risk to efforts to control the disease after they were found to be responsible for most infections in mosquitoes, according to a new study.
Scientists unravel the function of a sight-saving growth factor
Researchers have determined how certain short protein fragments, called peptides, can protect neuronal cells found in the light-sensing retina layer at the back of the eye. The peptides might someday be used to treat degenerative retinal diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
среда, 16 июня 2021 г.
Genetically engineered nanoparticle delivers dexamethasone directly to inflamed lungs
Nanoengineers have developed immune cell-mimicking nanoparticles that target inflammation in the lungs and deliver drugs directly where they're needed. As a proof of concept, the researchers filled the nanoparticles with the drug dexamethasone and administered them to mice with inflamed lung tissue. Inflammation was completely treated in mice given the nanoparticles, at a drug concentration where standard delivery methods did not have any efficacy.
Several persistent chemicals found in fetal organs
Researchers found industrial chemicals in the organs of fetuses conceived decades after many countries had banned the substances. The researchers urge decision makers to consider the combined impact of the mix of chemicals that accumulate in people and nature.
Pursuing safer, cheaper pharmaceuticals via electromagnetic control at the atomic level
Commonplace pharmaceuticals can carry with them an inherent flaw in their atomic structure, which pairs the active, beneficial ingredient with a potentially ineffective -- or even toxic -- counterpart. New research could hold the key to more easily isolating the good while removing the unwanted.
Having a strong life purpose eases loneliness of COVID-19 isolation, study finds
Why can some people weather the stress of social isolation better than others, and what implications does this have for their health? New research found that people who felt a strong sense of purpose in life were less lonely during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Bats in Switzerland harbor diverse viruses, some potentially zoonotic
An analysis of 18 species of stationary and migratory bats living in Switzerland has discovered that they harbor viruses from 39 different viral families -- including some viruses with the potential risk of jumping to other animals, including humans, and causing disease.
Machine learning can now reduce worry about nanoparticles in food
While crop yield has achieved a substantial boost from nanotechnology in recent years, the alarms over the health risks posed by nanoparticles within fresh produce and grains have also increased. In particular, nanoparticles entering the soil through irrigation, fertilizers and other sources have raised concerns about whether plants absorb these minute particles enough to cause toxicity.
Omega-3s may hold key to unlocking blood-brain barrier
A molecule that shuttles omega-3 fatty acids into the brain may open a doorway for delivering neurological therapeutics to the brain.
Graphene 'camera' captures real-time electrical activity of beating heart
Scientists today track electrical signals and voltage changes in neurons and muscle cells by labeling individual cells or probing with electrodes. Scientists have now developed a new type of sensor that employs a sheet of graphene to get a continuous measure of electric field in these tissues. Electric fields change graphene's reflectance. The physicists found a way to amplify and measure the changes caused by action potentials in a beating embryonic chicken heart.
Scientists demonstrate promising new approach for treating cystic fibrosis
A new CF treatment strategy involves small, nucleic acid molecules called oligonucleotides that can correct some of the gene defects that underlie CF but are not addressed by existing modulator therapies. The researchers used a new delivery method that overcomes traditional obstacles of getting oligonucleotides into lung cells.
Developing countries pay steep economic and health costs because of high car air pollution
Some of the world's most vulnerable cities suffer disproportionate economic losses because of the health consequences of in-car air pollution, finds a new study.
Contraception data 'blind spot' could hide pandemic impact on women's reproductive health
Limited data on the uptake of contraception prior to and during crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic could mean unforeseen issues for sexual and reproductive health services, new research concludes.
Measuring the elimination of plastic particles from the body in mice
The accumulation of micro- and nanoplastics in the environment continues at an alarming rate. A radiolabeling technique made it possible to monitor the movement and accumulation of plastics in the mouse body, as well as their elimination from it.
How long-known genes continue to surprise researchers
Proteins are encoded by genes - however, this information is divided into small coding sections, which are only assembled during a process called splicing. Various combinations are possible, some of which are still unknown.
New research finds ways to improve accuracy of Lateral Flow Tests
Research has provided new understanding of how false-negative results in Lateral Flow Tests occur and provides opportunity for simple improvements to be made.
New study finds fresh evidence for our inevitable death
Philosophers, artists and scientists - and probably all the rest of us - have long obsessed over the key to human immortality. We all, no matter our income, culture or religion are bound to die. Even if we escape mortal diseases or accidents, we all face a deadly biological deterioration. While the debate of human longevity has divided the scientific community for centuries, a new study finds fresh evidence for our inevitable death.
Compounds derived from hops show promise as treatment for common liver disease
Research suggests a pair of compounds originating from hops can help thwart a dangerous buildup of fat in the liver known as hepatic steatosis.
A quarter of adults don't want children -- and they're still happy
Is parenting life's greatest joy? New research from psychologists examines life satisfaction of adults who don't want children, revealing no differences compared to adults who are parents.
Computers predict people's tastes in art
A new study showing that computers can predict what paintings people will like offers insight into how our brains make aesthetic judgments.
'Wonder material' can be used to detect COVID-19 quickly, accurately
Researchers have successfully used graphene -- one of the strongest, thinnest known materials -- to detect the SARS-CoV-2 virus in laboratory experiments.
'Overly stringent' criteria early in the pandemic led to missed diagnoses of COVID-19, study finds
New research has identified missed cases of SARS-CoV-2 by retrospective testing of throat swabs.
Idea of COVID-19 'immunity passports' decreases people's compliance with restrictions
Researchers have found that when people are presented with the idea of a COVID-19 'immunity passport,' they show less willingness to follow social distancing and face covering guidelines.
Two COVID-19 vaccines show safety, strong immunity in infant model
Pre-clinical research offers evidence that vaccinating young children could help prevent the spread of COVID-19, limit disease severity, and achieve herd immunity.
That song is stuck in your head, but it's helping you to remember
New research suggests that remembering a song in your head is more than a passing nuisance -- it plays an important role in helping memories form, not only for the song, but also related life events.
Human infant brains, bodies are active during new sleep stage
A team has found that babies twitch during a sleep stage called quiet sleep, not just during REM sleep. The results may show there's more communication between snoozing infants' brains and motor systems than previously known.
Link found between gut microbes and stroke
New findings show that the gut microbiome impacts stroke severity and functional impairment following stroke. The results lay the groundwork for potential new interventions to help treat or prevent stroke.
Urbanization drives antibiotic resistance on microplastics in Chinese river
Microplastic pollution of waterways has become a huge concern, with the tiny pieces of plastic entering food webs and potentially having harmful effects on animals and people. In addition, microplastics can act as breeding grounds for antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Now, researchers have analyzed antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) on five types of microplastics at different locations along the Beilun River in China, finding much higher abundances in urban than rural regions.
Brain cell membranes' lipids may play big role in Alzheimer's progression
Links between lipid imbalance and disease have been established, in which lipid changes increase the formation of amyloid plaques, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. This imbalance inspired researchers to explore the role of lipids comprising the cellular membranes of brain cells. In Biointerphases, the researchers report on the significant role lipids may play in regulating C99, a protein within the amyloid pathway, and disease progression.
COVID-19 Vaccines While Pregnant or Breastfeeding
Healthcare personnel who are pregnant or breastfeeding may get vaccinated for COVID-19, but there are many considerations that go into that decision.
Hippos and anthrax
Hippopotamus aren't the first thing that come to mind when considering epidemiology and disease ecology. And yet these amphibious megafauna offered ecologists a window into the progression of an anthrax outbreak that struck Ruaha National Park, Tanzania, in the dry season of 2017.
COVID-19 Vaccines for People with Underlying Medical Conditions
If you have an underlying medical condition, this can help you make an informed decision about getting a COVID-19 vaccination.
Previous COVID-19 Forecasts: Hospitalizations
Learn about COVID-19 forecasts and modeling for new hospitalizations.
Preparing for Your COVID-19 Vaccination
This information will help you prepare for your COVID-19 vaccination.
COVID-19 Forecasts: Deaths
Forecasts show national and state level cumulative reported and predicted deaths since the beginning of the pandemic. CDC is working with partners to bring together weekly COVID-19 forecasts in one place.
вторник, 15 июня 2021 г.
Use of PFAS in cosmetics 'widespread,' new study finds
Many cosmetics sold in the United States and Canada likely contain high levels of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), a potentially toxic class of chemicals linked to a number of serious health conditions, according to new research.
Rapid exclusion of COVID-19 infection using AI, EKG technology
Artificial intelligence (AI) may offer a way to accurately determine that a person is not infected with COVID-19. An international retrospective study finds that infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, creates subtle electrical changes in the heart. An AI-enhanced EKG can detect these changes and potentially be used as a rapid, reliable COVID-19 screening test to rule out COVID-19 infection.
Guidance for Reporting SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing Results
It is critically important for the nation's COVID-19 pandemic response to understand the genetic diversity, spread, and evolution of SARS-CoV-2, including variant viruses. This guidance for reporting SARS-CoV-2 sequencing will improve that understanding.
Harmful protein waste in the muscle
An international research team identified the cause of a rare muscle disease. According to these findings, a single spontaneously occurring mutation results in the muscle cells no longer being able to correctly break down defective proteins. The condition causes severe heart failure in children, accompanied by skeletal and respiratory muscle damage. The study also highlights experimental approaches for potential treatment. Whether this hope will be fulfilled, however, will only become clear in a few years.
What makes us sneeze?
What exactly triggers a sneeze? A team has identified, in mice, specific cells and proteins that control the sneeze reflex. Better understanding of what causes us to sneeze -- specifically how neurons behave in response to allergens and viruses -- may point to treatments capable of slowing the spread of infectious respiratory diseases.
New evidence of early SARS-CoV-2 infections in the United States
A new antibody testing study examining samples originally collected through the National Institutes of Health's All of Us Research Program found evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in five states earlier than had initially been reported.
COVID-19 Employer Information for Paratransit Operators
Provides employers of paratransit operators with information on COVID-19 and how to protect their workforce on the job.
понедельник, 14 июня 2021 г.
Public Health Recommendations
Healthcare professionals, find information on public health recommendations for caring for patients with post-COVID conditions.
Patient History and Physical Exam
Healthcare professionals, find suggested workup for post-COVID conditions.
Management
Healthcare professionals, find information on medical management of post-COVID conditions, holistic support for patients with post-COVID conditions, and on patient groups with special considerations.
General Clinical Considerations
Find general post-COVID care considerations, considerations for follow-up care from hospital admission, and considerations for SARS-CoV-2 infection or mild-to-moderate acute COVID-19 treated in an outpatient setting.
Background
Healthcare professionals, find background for post-COVID conditions from the detailed guidance on evaluating and caring for patients with post-COVID conditions.
Assessment and Testing
Healthcare professionals, find information on laboratory testing and other assessment and testing for evaluating and caring for patients with post-COVID conditions.
Evaluating and Caring for Patients with Post-COVID Conditions: Interim Guidance
Healthcare professionals, find key points for the detailed guidance on evaluating and caring for patients with post-COVID conditions.
Future Directions and Resources
Future directions and resources on evaluating and caring for patients with post-COVID conditions.
Targeted drug found effective in thwarting pancreatic tumors
Through a pre-clinical study, researchers identified a novel drug that effectively thwarts pancreatic tumors that are addicted to the cancer-causing mutant KRAS gene.
Introducing play to higher education reduces stress and forms deeper connection material
Higher education students are more engaged and motivated when they are taught using playful pedagogy rather than the traditional lecture-based method. Play also resulted in reduced stress and anxiety.
New health benefits of red seaweeds unveiled
Red seaweeds have been prevalent in the diets of Asian communities for thousands of years. Researchers have now shown how these algae confer health benefits.
As climates change, prepare for more mosquitoes in winter
In places on the front lines of climate change, these disease-spreading insects may become a year-round problem.
A new model of Alzheimer's progression
Scientists explore how protein and signaling pathways change in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Their work creates a new model of disease progression, taking advantage of the heterogeneity that is inherent to human studies.
One step towards a daily-use deep UV light source for sterilization and disinfection
Researchers invented a more efficient device for doubling the frequency of incoming light by combining period reflectors inside a microcavity containing gallium nitride. This work may help in the construction of a deep UV light source with bactericidal effect that is both safe and practical.
Does zinc inhibit or promote growth of kidney stones? Well, both
In the first study to validate conflicting theories, a researcher has confirmed that the zinc actually does inhibit and promote the growth of kidney stones at the same time.
Air Travel Toolkit for Airline Partners
Communication Toolkit for Airlines to inform Travelers and Crew
Road Travel Toolkit for Transportation Partners
Communication Toolkit for Transportation Partners to Inform Road Travelers
Making a meal of DNA in the seafloor
While best known as the code for genetic information, DNA is also a nutrient for specialized microbes. An international team of researchers has discovered several bacteria in sediment samples from the Atlantic Ocean that use DNA as a food source. One bacterium newly named by the team in fact is a true expert in degrading DNA.
Potential new treatment target for Alzheimer's disease
A new study not only sheds light on how the APOE4 gene may cause some of the pathologies associated with Alzheimer's disease, but also suggests a new treatment target that might help people who carry the APOE4 gene in early and late stages of the disease. Researchers found that APOE4 is associated with the activation of an inflammatory protein that causes a breakdown in the blood-brain barrier which protects the brain.
Hair follicles heal blisters at personal cost
A team of scientists has shown that the healing of skin blisters is driven by hair follicle stem cells, which delay their own development in the process.
Easy, inexpensive, efficient: Researchers improve efficacy of new malaria drug
Artemisone is a promising substance in the fight against malaria. However, the active ingredient has yet to be used due its instability and because it is not easily absorbed by the body. A team has now pushed this a bit further. They have developed a very simple method for preparing the active ingredient that makes it easier to administer and store.
New glial cells discovered in the brain: Implications for brain repair
Neurons, nerve cells in the brain, are central players in brain function. However, a key role for glia, long considered support cells, is emerging. A research group has now discovered two new types of glial cells in the brain, by unleashing adult stem cells from their quiescent state. These new types of glia may play an important role in brain plasticity and repair.
How to Select, Wear, and Clean Your Mask
COVID-19 spreads mainly from person to person through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people who are nearby or possibly be inhaled into the lungs.
What Airline Catering Kitchen Workers Need to Know about COVID-19
Learn what airline catering kitchen workers need to know during COVID-19.
What Aircraft Maintenance Workers Need to Know about COVID-19
Learn what aircraft maintenance workers need to know during COVID-19.
Earliest memories can start from the age of two-and-a-half
On average the earliest memories that people can recall point back to when they were just two-and-a-half years old, a new study suggests.
A better understanding of 'wet markets' is key to safeguarding human health, biodiversity
The term 'wet market' is often laced with negative undertones, especially in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, but the majority of these markets -- like the one featured above in Taipei, Taiwan -- pose very little risks to human health and biodiversity, according to a new study.
COVID-19 Employer Information for Gyms and Fitness Centers
This factsheet helps gym and fitness center employers prevent the spread of COVID-19.
Plant-based diet protects from hypertension, preeclampsia
A plant-based diet appears to afford significant protection to rats bred to become hypertensive on a high-salt diet, scientists report. When the rats become pregnant, the whole grain diet also protects the mothers and their offspring from deadly preeclampsia.
Testing Strategies for SARS-CoV-2
This guidance describes and compares different types of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) testing strategies, including their intended use and applications, regulatory requirements, and reporting requirements.
Interim Guidance for Rapid Antigen Testing for SARS-CoV-2
Proper interpretation of antigen test results is important for accurate clinical management of patients with suspected COVID-19. This guidance can help healthcare providers make the most effective use of antigen tests in different situations.
Guidance for SARS-CoV-2 Point-of-Care Testing
This CDC webpage provides guidance on the regulatory requirements for SARS-CoV-2 POC testing, using POC tests safely, and information on reporting POC test results.
Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs)
A Nucleic Acid Amplification Test, or NAAT, is a type of viral diagnostic test for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.
Guidance for Healthcare Workers about COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) Testing
See considerations and recommendations for health departments supporting COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) testing in communities, schools, workplaces, and healthcare settings.
Key Things to Know About COVID-19 Vaccines
Learn the key things you need to know about the new COVID-19 vaccines.
How gender norms and job loss affect relationship status
Research shows that, in cultures that value men as breadwinners, their unemployment can affect the long-term success of a romantic relationship.
Young adults who lost and then restored heart health had lower risk of heart attack, stroke
A long-term analysis of young adults in Korea found that those with poor heart health had higher rates of cardiovascular disease at a younger age. Young adults with poor cardiovascular health who improved their cardiovascular health over time reduced their chances of heart attack, stroke or heart failure later in life. Those who maintained good cardiovascular health from a young age had the lowest risk of premature cardiovascular disease.
воскресенье, 13 июня 2021 г.
New super-resolution technique allows for more detailed brain imaging
A new imaging technique has the potential to detect neurological disorders -- such as Alzheimer's disease -- at their earliest stages, enabling physicians to diagnose and treat patients more quickly. Termed super-resolution, the imaging methodology combines position emission tomography (PET) with an external motion tracking device to create highly detailed images of the brain.
суббота, 12 июня 2021 г.
Vitamin D deficiency may increase risk for addiction to opioids and ultraviolet rays
Lab animals deficient in vitamin D crave and become dependent on opioids, which is curbed when normal levels of the vitamin are restored. Human health records indicate that people with low vitamin D are more likely to use and misuse opioids. Study results suggest a potential role for vitamin D supplementation in fighting opioid addiction.
What In-home Social Service Providers and Clients Need to Know about COVID-19
Guidance for In-home social service providers and clients during the COVID-19 pandemic to protect themselves.
COVID-19 Communication Plan for Select Non-healthcare Critical Infrastructure Employers
Suggestions for how and what to communicate to your non-healthcare, critical infrastructure employees about COVID-19.
V-safe Print Resources
The following print-only materials have been developed to support v-safe and vaccine safety.
Frequently Asked Questions about v-safe
Get help using v-safe, the health checker for COVID-19 vaccinations.
пятница, 11 июня 2021 г.
New discovery shows human cells can write RNA sequences into DNA
In a discovery that challenges long-held dogma in biology, researchers show that mammalian cells can convert RNA sequences back into DNA, a feat more common in viruses than eukaryotic cells.
Protect Yourself When Using Transportation
As schools, businesses, and community organizations begin providing services, consider ways that you can protect yourself and slow the spread of COVID-19 when using transportation.
Toolkit for H-2A Employers, Partner Agencies, and Partner Organizations
Learn what agriculture employers, partner agencies, and partner organizations need to know during COVID-19.
Agriculture Workers and Employers
Interim guidance on COVID-19 for agriculture workers and employers
Manufacturing Workers and Employers
Learn what manufacturing workers and employers need to know during COVID-19.
Protecting Seafood Processing Workers from COVID-19
Guidance for seafood processing workers and employers on protection from COVID-19.
What Bus Transit Operators Need to Know about COVID-19
This factsheet provides information to help bus transit employees prevent exposure to COVID-19 while working.
Meat and Poultry Processing Workers and Employers
Guidance for Meat and Poultry Processing Workers and Employers
What Paratransit Operators Need to Know about COVID-19
Provides paratransit operators with information on COVID-19 and how to protect themselves on the job.
What Rail Transit Operators Need to Know about COVID-19
This factsheet provides information to help rail transit operators to prevent exposure to COVID-19 at their workplace.
What Transit Station Workers Need to Know about COVID-19
This factsheet provides information to help transit station workers to prevent exposure to COVID-19 at their workplace.
Returning to Work
Considerations for returning to work to make sure you protect yourself and other by practicing everyday preventive actions during the COVID-19 pandemic
How to Wear Masks
Cloth face coverings are an additional step to help slow the spread of COVID-19 when combined with every day preventive actions and social distancing in public settings.
How to Protect Yourself & Others
The best way to prevent COVID-19 infection is to avoid exposure to this virus and follow these everyday preventative actions.
Model shows sharp decrease in HIV incidence in England
The annual number of new HIV infections among men who have sex with men in England is likely to have fallen dramatically, from 2,770 in 2013 to 854 in 2018, showing elimination of HIV transmission by 2030 to be within reach -- suggests new work.
Study examines the effects of COVID-19 on human kidney cells
The virus that causes COVID-19 can infect and replicate in human kidney cells, but this does not typically lead to cell death. Kidney cells that already have features of injury may be more easily infected and develop additional injury.
четверг, 10 июня 2021 г.
How cells measure themselves
How do cells measure themselves? Now we have an answer to this long-standing biological question.
Cell phone use while driving may be tied to other risky road behaviors in young adults
A new study found that 18- to 24-year-olds who use cell phones while driving are more likely to engage in other risky driving behaviors associated with 'acting-without-thinking,' a form of impulsivity. These findings suggest the importance of developing new strategies to prevent risky driving in young adults, especially those with impulsive personalities.
Pinpointing how cancer cells turn aggressive
As deadly as it is, cancer metastasis is a poorly understood process. A new study describes a cutting-edge tool for tracing the lineage and gene expression of thousands of individual metastatic cancer cells. Their findings open new angles for investigating the processes that drive metastasis.
Could naked mole rats hold key to curing cancer and dementia?
Scientists say naked mole rats - a rodent native to West Africa - may hold the key to new treatments for degenerative diseases such as cancer and dementia.
New way to 3D-print custom medical devices to boost performance and bacterial resistance
Using a new 3D printing process, researchers have discovered how to tailor-make artificial body parts and other medical devices with built-in functionality that offers better shape and durability, while cutting the risk of bacterial infection at the same time.
Nearly one in five patients who die from unexplained sudden cardiac death have suspicious gene, study finds
Researchers have found that nearly 20 percent of patients with unexplained sudden cardiac death -- most of whom were under age 50 -- carried rare genetic variants. These variants likely raised their risk of sudden cardiac death.
Study confirms safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in people with cancer
In a review of 200 patients with a wide spectrum of cancer diagnoses, researchers found that after full vaccination, 94 percent of patients overall demonstrated seroconversion, which was determined by the presence of antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Response rates were very high among patients with solid tumors and were lower in people with certain blood cancers, but even the majority of those patients mounted an immune response.
Predisposition to addiction may be genetic, study finds
People who have a high sensation-seeking trait in the brain could be more susceptible to drug addition, according to a new study.
Safer Travel Tips for Families with Unvaccinated Children
Some travel activities, like staying at guest lodgings, can increase your risk of getting COVID-19. Your chances of exposure are higher if you come into close contact with others, especially people you don't know, or use shared public facilities.
When NOT to Travel: Avoid Spreading COVID-19
Advice on when and how long people should delay their domestic or international travel to avoid spreading COVID-19.
International Travel During COVID-19
There are several things to consider when deciding whether it is safe for you to travel in the United States. This includes the following: is COVID-19 spreading where you're going, will you be in close contact with others, are you at higher risk of severe illness if you do get COVID-19, do you have a plan for taking time off from work or school, do you live with someone who is older or has a severe chronic health condition, and is COVID-19 spreading where you live?
Domestic Travel During COVID-19
There are several things to consider when deciding whether it is safe for you to travel in the United States. This includes the following: is COVID-19 spreading where you're going, will you be in close contact with others, are you at higher risk of severe illness if you do get COVID-19, do you have a plan for taking time off from work or school, do you live with someone who is older or has a severe chronic health condition, and is COVID-19 spreading where you live?
Requirement for Face Masks on Public Transportation Conveyances and at Transportation Hubs
Effective immediately, CDC is strongly recommending that masks are worn by all passengers on and operators of public transportation conveyances to prevent spread of the virus that causes COVID-19.
Common diabetes drug shows promise as treatment for COVID-19 lung inflammation
Researchers identify the molecular mechanism for the anti-inflammatory activity of diabetes drug metformin and, in mouse studies, say it prevents lung inflammation in animals infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.
Institutional environments trap disabled geoscientists between a rock and a workplace
Inaccessible workplaces, normative departmental cultures and 'ableist' academic systems have all contributed to the continued under-representation and exclusion of disabled researchers, according to an expert.
Three factors may predict college students' loss of self-control
Researchers determined willingness to try new things along with parental attachment could be indicators of self-control among first-year students.
Cells construct living composite polymers for biomedical applications
Biomedical engineers have demonstrated that a class of interwoven composite materials called semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (sIPNs) can be produced by living cells. The approach could make these versatile materials more biologically compatible for biomedical applications such as time-delayed drug delivery systems.
Humans are ready to take advantage of benevolent AI
Humans expect that AI is benevolent and trustworthy. A new study reveals that at the same time humans are unwilling to cooperate and compromise with machines. They even exploit them.
Memory biomarkers confirm aerobic exercise helps cognitive function in older adults
Until now, systemic biomarkers to measure exercise effects on brain function and that link to relevant metabolic responses were lacking. A study shows a memory biomarker, myokine Cathepsin B (CTSB), increased in older adults following a 26-week structured aerobic exercise training. The positive association between CTSB and cognition, and the substantial modulation of lipid metabolites implicated in dementia, support the beneficial effects of exercise training on brain function and brain health in asymptomatic individuals at risk for Alzheimer's.
Flickering screens may help children with reading and writing difficulties, study suggests
Children with reading and writing difficulties who are presented with text on screens with flickering white noise both read better and remember what they have read better, according to a Swedish-Norwegian study.
COVID-19 Vaccines While Pregnant or Breastfeeding
Healthcare personnel who are pregnant or breastfeeding may get vaccinated for COVID-19, but there are many considerations that go into that decision.
Rural residents, American Indians travel farthest for certified stroke care
Race, age, income and health insurance status are factors in the distance patients must travel to reach the nearest certified stroke care, according to a nationwide analysis of US census data and road maps. The greatest distances were for those in rural areas and for American Indians.
Largescale brain epigenetics study provides new insights into dementia
The team looked in different regions of the brain, which are affected in Alzheimer's disease before looking for common changes across these cortical regions. They identified 220 sites in the genome, including 84 new genes, which showed different levels of DNA methylation in the cortex in individuals with more severe Alzheimer's disease, which weren't seen in the cerebellum.
Population Connectivity Across Borders (PopCAB) Toolkit
The Population Connectivity across Borders (PopCAB) toolkit is a toolkit for gathering and analyzing information about population mobility to inform public health interventions.
Older Adults
Older adults, 65 years and older, are at higher risk for severe illness. COVID-19 is a new disease and we are learning more about it every day.
Better-fitting face masks greatly improve COVID-19 protection
Researchers have found that while N95 masks are effective barriers against airborne diseases like COVID-19, poorly fitting masks can have substantial leaks around the face that reduce their effectiveness and increase the risk of infection.
Warmer temperatures lessen COVID-19 spread, but control measures still needed, study finds
New research shows transmission of the virus behind COVID-19 varies seasonally, but warmer conditions are not enough to prevent transmission.
Study finds COVID-19 vaccines safe for IBD patients
Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) do not appear to have increased risk of side effects from the Pfizer or Moderna COVID-19 vaccines, according to a recent study. In fact, those being treated with advanced immune-modifying therapies may experience them less often than the general population.
SARS-CoV-2 protease cuts human proteins; Possible link to COVID-19 symptoms
The SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease (PLpro) plays an essential role in processing viral proteins needed for replication. In addition, the enzyme can cut and inactivate some human proteins important for an immune response. Now, researchers have found other targets of PLpro in the human proteome, including proteins involved in cardiovascular function, blood clotting and inflammation, suggesting a link between the inactivation of these proteins and COVID-19 symptoms.
A vital tool to study virus evolution in the test tube
Variants of viruses, such as that causing COVID-19, can now be quickly studied in the laboratory, even before they emerge in nature and become a major public health challenge.
среда, 9 июня 2021 г.
Recommendations for Quarantine Duration in Correctional and Detention Facilities
Quarantine recommendations specific for correctional facilities and detention centers during the outbreak of COVID-19
Interim Guidance on Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Correctional and Detention Facilities
Guidance on preparing for, preventing, and managing the spread of COVID-19 in correctional and detention facilities.
COVID-19 Employer Information for Transit Maintenance Workers
What Transit Maintenance Workers Need to Know About COVID-19
Laughing gas relieves symptoms in people with treatment-resistant depression
Researchers have found that a single, one-hour treatment that involves breathing in a mixture of oxygen and the anesthetic drug nitrous oxide -- otherwise known as laughing gas -- can significantly improve symptoms in people with treatment-resistant depression.
Having trouble falling asleep predicts cognitive impairment in later life
A study of nearly 2,500 adults found that having trouble falling asleep, as compared to other patterns of insomnia, was the main insomnia symptom that predicted cognitive impairment 14 years later.
Persistent insomnia symptoms since childhood associated with mood, anxiety disorders
A 15-year longitudinal study shows that childhood insomnia symptoms that persist into adulthood are strong determinants of mood and anxiety disorders in young adults.
Rapamycin changes the way our DNA is stored
Researchers discover an unexpected link between DNA winding and metabolism in the gut to ameliorate aging.
Women's mental health has higher association with dietary factors
Women's mental health likely has a higher association with dietary factors than men's, according to new research.
Study shows adaptive brain response to stress, and its absence in people with depression
A new study identifies a novel biomarker indicating resilience to chronic stress. This biomarker is largely absent in people suffering from major depressive disorder, and this absence is further associated with pessimism in daily life, the study finds.
A link between childhood stress and early molars
Research shows that children from lower-income backgrounds and those who go through greater adverse childhood experiences get their first permanent molars sooner. The findings align with a broader pattern of accelerated development often seen under conditions of early-life stress.
New adaptable nanoparticle platform enables enhanced delivery of gene therapies
Scientists have developed polypeptide-based materials that act as effective vectors for delivering gene therapies. The new platform enables the vectors to be adapted to suit the specific gene therapy cargo.
Brain connections mean some people lack visual imagery
New research has revealed that people with the ability to visualize vividly have a stronger connection between their visual network and the regions of the brain linked to decision-making. The study also sheds light on memory and personality differences between those with strong visual imagery and those who cannot hold a picture in their mind's eye.
Interim Considerations for SARS-CoV-2 Testing in Correctional and Detention Facilities
This document is intended to provide considerations on the appropriate use of testing and does not dictate the determination of payment decisions or insurance coverage of such testing, except as may be otherwise referenced (or prescribed) by another entity or federal or state agency.
Increasing the memory capacity of intelligent systems based on the function of human neurons
Researchers have recently developed a new artificial neuron inspired by the different modes of operation of human neurons. This process has enabled recurrent networks to learn temporal relationships of more than a thousand discrete time units where classical methods failed after only a hundred time units.
Drinking alcohol is linked to reduced chances of pregnancy
A study of the associations between drinking alcohol and the chances of becoming pregnant suggests that women who want to conceive should avoid heavy drinking. In the second half of menstrual cycle even moderate drinking is linked to reduced chances of pregnancy.
People who have trouble sleeping are at a higher risk of dying early - especially diabetics
People with sleep problems are at an increased risk of dying young, finds a new study.
Study finds novel evidence that dreams reflect multiple memories, anticipate future events
Dreams result from a process that often combines fragments of multiple life experiences and anticipates future events, according to novel evidence from a new study.
Internal compression stocking helps against varicose veins
A new study finds that rather than destroying or removing defective veins, it is possible to repair them by using a sheath. They are thus saved for later use as a bypass.
вторник, 8 июня 2021 г.
A call for global oversight of unproven stem cell therapies
The promotion and marketing of unproven stem cell therapies is a global problem that needs a global solution, say experts. The authors of the paper call for the World Health Organization (WHO) to establish an advisory committee on regenerative medicine to tackle this issue and provide guidance for countries around the world.
Discovery of circadian rhythm gene in mice could lead to breakthroughs
Scientists have identified a novel gene, Per2AS, that controls the sleep/wake cycle in mice. Per2AS appears to be a new type of gene, known as a non-coding gene. Unlike most other genes, Per2AS is not translated from RNA into a subsequent protein, thus making its function unclear until now.
Microgel coating gives donor cells a boost in reversing pulmonary fibrosis
Researchers have shown that even after lung tissue has been damaged, it may be possible to reverse fibrosis and promote tissue repair through treatment with microgel-coated mesenchymal stromal cells.
UIC research paves way for next-generation of crystalline material screening devices
Researchers have developed a novel multi-well, continuous-flow microfluidic device that may help scientists and pharmaceutical companies more effectively study drug compounds and their crystalline shapes and structures, which are key components for drug stability.
Saving the climate with solar fuel
Produced in a sustainable way, synthetic fuels contribute to switching mobility to renewable energy and to achieving the climate goals in road traffic. In Empa's mobility demonstrator, move, researchers are investigating the production of synthetic methane from an energy, technical and economic perspective - a project with global potential.
Artificial intelligence enhances efficacy of sleep disorder treatments
An algorithm based on 20,000 nights of sleep that can improve the diagnosis, treatment and our overall understanding of sleep disorders has been developed.
Motor neurons derived from patients point to new possible drug target for ALS
Researchers now report a high-throughput target and drug discovery platform using motor neurons made from ALS patients. Using the platform, they confirmed two known targets and identified an existing class of drugs -- agonists to the dopamine D2 receptor -- as potential novel treatments.
COVID-19 Considerations for Cleaner Air Shelters and Cleaner Air Spaces to Protect the Public from Wildfire Smoke
The following interim guidance is intended to help reduce the risk of introducing and transmitting SARS-CoV-2 in cleaner air shelters and cleaner air spaces.
A drug from resin to combat epileptic seizures
New molecules have promising properties as possible drugs against epilepsy. A study shows that several of the molecules have antiseizure effects.
Researchers identify gene linked to congenital heart disease
New insight on the link between a gene called SORBS2 and congenital heart disease has been published, with findings that may help explain the cause of the disease in some patients.
Weak brain waves may warn of age-related neurodegenerative disease
Weakened electrical signals in the brain may be an early warning sign of age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
Men with sensory loss are more likely to be obese
Men who suffer sensory loss, particularly hearing loss, are more likely to be physically inactive and obese than women, according to a new study.
Exercise likely to be best treatment for depression in coronary heart disease
A study indicates that exercise is probably the most effective short-term treatment for depression in people with coronary heart disease, when compared to antidepressants and psychotherapy or more complex care.
First glimpse of brains retrieving mistaken memories observed
Scientists have observed for the first time what it looks like in the key memory region of the brain when a mistake is made during a memory trial. The findings have implications for Alzheimer's disease research and advancements in memory storage and enhancement, with a discovery that also provides a view into differences between the physiological events in the brain during a correct memory versus a faulty one.
Are heavy metals toxic? Scientists find surprising new clues in yeast
Scientists have compiled the most complete library yet of lanthanide heavy metals and their potential toxicity -- by exposing baker's yeast to lanthanides. Their findings could help researchers uncover hidden pathways between lanthanide metals and disease.
Sugar overload may be a recipe for long-term problems
Children who consume too much sugar could be at greater risk of becoming obese, hyperactive, and cognitively impaired, as adults, according to the results of a new study.
Researchers discover a new cause for the cerebral cavernous malformation
Researchers have recently uncovered a new gene mutation responsible for the non-familial patients of cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) -- a brain vascular disorder which inflicted about 10-30 million people in the world.
Maintaining Essential Health Services During COVID-19 in Low Resource, Non-U.S. Settings
Globally, health systems have been challenged by the overwhelming demands of the COVID-19 pandemic. Resources and staff are being diverted to test and treat people with presumed or diagnosed COVID-19, and supplies are limited. Some healthcare services are being compromised in order to meet the demands of caring for COVID-19 patients, and many people fear accessing healthcare facilities due to fear of acquiring the virus.
Facemasks block expired particles, despite leakage at edges, study finds
A new study confirms that surgical masks effectively reduce outgoing airborne particles from talking or coughing, even after allowing for leakage around the edges of the mask.
How COVID-19 wreaks havoc on human lungs
Scientists have published the first detailed atomic-level model of the SARS-CoV-2 'envelope' protein bound to a human protein essential for maintaining the lining of the lungs. The findings may speed the search for drugs to block the most severe effects of COVID-19.
Scientists can predict which women will have serious pregnancy complications
Pregnancy disorders are usually diagnosed during the second or third trimester of gestation when they have often already had a serious impact on the health of the mother and baby. The current methods to diagnose pregnancy disorders are not sensitive or reliable enough to identify all at risk pregnancies. Now scientists have found a way to test hormone levels in the placenta to predict which women will have serious pregnancy complications.
Super productive 3D bioprinter could help speed up drug development
A new 3D bioprinter developed by nanoengineers operates at record speed -- it can print a 96-well array of living human tissue samples within 30 minutes. The technology could help accelerate high-throughput preclinical drug screening and make it less costly.
понедельник, 7 июня 2021 г.
Clever biomolecular labelling enables identification of immune cells
Biomolecules regulate the biological functions inside every living cell. If scientists can understand the molecular mechanisms, then it is possible to detect severe dysfunction. At a molecular level, this can be achieved with fluorescent markers that are incorporated into the respective biomolecules. Researchers are now able to show that a complex of manganese makes it possible to conveniently label certain biomolecules.
Defying body clock linked to depression and lower wellbeing
People whose sleep pattern goes against their natural body clock are more likely to have depression and lower levels of wellbeing, according to a large-scale new study.
Monoclonal antibody prevents HIV infection in monkeys, study finds
The experimental, lab-made antibody leronlimab can completely prevent nonhuman primates from being infected with the monkey form of HIV, new research shows. The results will inform a future human clinical trial evaluating leronlimab as a potential pre-exposure prophylaxis, or PrEP, therapy to prevent human infection from the virus that causes AIDS.
A breakthrough in the physics of blood clotting
Understanding the physics of clot contraction could potentially lead to new ways to treat bleeding problems and clotting problems.
Researchers find toxin from maple tree in cow's milk
Cows can pass on the hypoglycin A toxin through their milk, a study shows. The substance can cause severe symptoms in humans and animals. Small amounts of the toxin were detected in the raw milk of cows that grazed in a pasture exposed to sycamore maple. The team calls for further investigations to realistically assess the potential dangers.
Odds of stem cell transplant restoring fertility are as random as a coin toss -- until now
The chances of restoring fertility through sperm stem cell transplant are as random as a coin toss. But a team of scientists developed a new strategy that serves as a 'weighted coin' that can favorably rig the odds to achieve outcomes where fertility is successfully restored.
Drop in convalescent plasma use at US hospitals linked to higher COVID-19 mortality rate, study suggests
A new study suggests a slowdown in the use of convalescent plasma to treat hospitalized COVID-19 patients led to a higher COVID-19 mortality during a critical period during this past winter's surge.
Protein identified as new therapeutic anti-viral target for COVID-19
New research identified a novel interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and the galectin-3-binding protein (LGALS3BP) which could be a new therapeutic anti-viral target.
Carbon dioxide sensors in two urban areas registered big drop in emissions during COVID-19 pandemic
Carbon dioxide emissions in Los Angeles and the Washington DC/Baltimore regions fell roughly 33 percent in April of 2020 compared with previous years, as roads emptied and economic activity slowed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, according to a new study. But while the emissions reductions are significant, the method that scientists used to measure them may have the greater long-term impact.
Research advances one step closer to stem cell therapy for type 1 diabetes
Scientists are developing a promising approach for treating type 1 diabetes by using stem cells to create insulin-producing cells (called beta cells) that could replace nonfunctional pancreatic cells.
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