Scientists explore the latent regenerative potential of the inner ear

Scientists have identified a natural barrier to the regeneration of the inner ear's sensory cells, which are lost in hearing and balance disorders. Overcoming this barrier may be a first step in returning inner ear cells to a newborn-like state that's primed for regeneration, as described in a new study. The study suggests new gene engineering approaches that could be used to channel some of the same regenerative capability present in embryonic inner ear cells.

Radio-wave therapy is safe for liver cancer patients and shows improvement in overall survival, study suggests

Researchers have shown that a targeted therapy using non-thermal radio waves is safe to use in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of liver cancer, according to a new study. The therapy also showed a benefit in overall survival.

'Greening' biomaterials and scaffolds used in regenerative medicine

In the biomaterials industry, electrospinning is a ubiquitous fabrication method used to produce nano- to microscale fibrous meshes that closely resemble native tissue architecture. Alas, the process has traditionally used solvents that not only are environmentally hazardous but also a significant barrier to industrial scale-up, clinical translation, and widespread use. But now, researchers report that they have developed a 'green electrospinning' process that addresses those challenges, from managing environmental risks of volatile solvent storage and disposal at large volumes to meeting health and safety standards during both fabrication and implementation.

Early COVID-19 symptoms differ among age groups, research finds

Symptoms for early COVID-19 infection differ among age groups and between men and women, new research has found.

Source of DNA mutations in melanoma

The mutations that give rise to melanoma result from a chemical conversion in DNA fueled by sunlight -- not just a DNA copying error as previously believed, reports a new study. The findings upend long-held beliefs about the mechanisms underlying the disease, reinforce the importance of prevention efforts and offer a path forward for investigating the origins of other cancer types.

Crucial new molecular mechanisms and biomarkers in ovarian cancer

Medical researchers have discovered what appears to be an Achilles' heel in ovarian cancers, as well as new biomarkers that could point to which patients are the best candidates for possible new treatments.

New research infuses equity principles into the algorithm development process

Researchers have found a new approach to incorporating the larger web of relevant data for predictive modeling for individual and community health outcomes.

World Trade Center responders with the greatest exposure to toxic dust have a higher likelihood of liver disease, study finds

Researchers have found evidence that World Trade Center responders had a higher likelihood of developing liver disease if they arrived at the site right after the attacks as opposed to working at Ground Zero later in the rescue and recovery efforts.

Differentiating strong antibiotic producers from weaker ones

Biologists are using comparative metabologenomics to try to uncover what may be 'silencing' Streptomyces and preventing it from producing desirable compounds encoded by its genes.

Scientists discover a surprising new way that tuberculosis suppresses immunity

University of Maryland researchers discovered a way that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the bacterium that causes tuberculosis, can cause a person's immune cells to lower their defenses. Specifically, they identified a gene in the bacterium that suppresses immune defenses in infected human cells, which could exacerbate the infection. The findings were published on July 29, 2021, in the journal PLOS Pathogens

A blood test for your body clock? It's on the horizon

Sleep researchers have found it's possible to determine the timing of a person's internal biological clock via a single blood draw. Ultimately, the findings could lead to a simple blood test for assessing circadian rhythm and personalized recommendations for when people should eat, sleep, exercise and take medications.

New relevant target for PARP inhibitor talazoparib

Researchers report the identification of a new target for the PARP inhibitor drug talazoparib and show that combination treatment with talazoparib and the WEE1 inhibitor adavosertib results in enhanced anti-cancer effects.

Preventing childhood obesity requires changes in parents’ and clinicians’ early-life care

Interventions to prevent obesity in children typically don't target the first 1,000 days of life - -a critical period in which environmental and nutritional cues can increase the risk for obesity. A new study demonstrates how changing parents' health behavior and how clinicians deliver care to mothers and infants decreased excess weight gain in infants.

Mice treated with this cytokine lose weight by ‘sweating’ fat

Treating obese mice with the cytokine known as TSLP led to significant abdominal fat and weight loss compared to controls. The animal model findings support the possibility that increasing sebum production via the immune system could be a strategy for treating obesity in people.

How to make up your mind when the glass seems half empty?

Neuroscientists have connected some of the dots to reveal the brain networks that give anxiety influence over decisions. The group has published a review that synthesizes results from years of brain measurements in rats and primates and relates these findings to the human brain.

Adding color to your plate may lower risk of cognitive decline

A new study shows that people who eat a diet that includes at least half a serving per day of foods high in flavonoids like strawberries, oranges, peppers and apples may have a 20% lower risk of cognitive decline. The study looked at several types of flavonoids, and found that flavones and anthocyanins may have the most protective effect.

Fruit compound may have potential to prevent and treat Parkinson's disease

Researchers say they have added to evidence that the compound farnesol, found naturally in herbs, and berries and other fruits, prevents and reverses brain damage linked to Parkinson's disease in mouse studies.

Tiny wireless device illuminates neuron activity in the brain

A team lights a path forward for improved treatment of conditions including addiction and epilepsy and chronic pain. In a new article, they report on a wireless transcranial optogenetic simulation device that can send light through the skull rather than physically penetrating the blood-brain barrier.

Rare disorder offers roadmap for understanding roots of inflammatory disease

Researchers have discovered the underlying genetic cause of a rare childhood disorder that mimics inflammatory bowel disease, a finding that may help researchers uncover the roots of a host of other inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.

Malarial mosquitoes completely controlled in experiments that mimic natural environments

Researchers have shown 'gene drive' technology, which spreads a genetic modification blocking female reproduction, works in natural-like settings.

Older adults are happier when space matches personality

A study has found photos of a person's living space can accurately point at personality traits and the mood of the people who live there, especially as a person gets older. Applying the findings could help lead to happier lives, including for older adults with frailty or cognitive impairment that has led them to be transferred from their homes to long-term care facilities.

Second-hand marijuana smoke exposure associated with respiratory infections in children

Children whose parents regularly smoke or vape marijuana may experience viral respiratory infections, such as the common cold, more frequently than those whose parents do not smoke, according to a new study.

Highly potent, stable nanobodies stop SARS-CoV-2

Researchers have developed nanobodies that efficiently block the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and its new variants.

Scientists release new AI-based tools to accelerate functional electronic materials discovery

The interdisciplinary team's work could allow scientists to accelerate the rate of discovery and study of materials that exhibit a metal-insulator transition.

Why uncertainty makes us change our behavior -- even when we shouldn't

'Panic buying' might be a normal human response to uncertainty after all, new research suggests.

RNA: Two strands are tougher than one

Research reveals key differences between single- and double-stranded RNA, insights that may prove useful to fields from agriculture to medicine.

Remember more by taking breaks

We remember things longer if we take breaks during learning, referred to as the spacing effect. Scientists gained deeper insight into the neuronal basis for this phenomenon in mice. With longer intervals between learning repetitions, mice reuse more of the same neurons as before -- instead of activating different ones. Possibly, this allows the neuronal connections to strengthen with each learning event, such that knowledge is stored for a longer time.

Gene associated with autism linked to itch response, study finds

A gene associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and pain hypersensitivity may actually decrease itch response, according to new research.

Study tests microplasma against middle-ear infections

Middle-ear infections are a common affliction in early life, affecting more than 80% of children in the U.S. Antibiotics are often employed as a first line of defense but sometimes fail against the pathogenic bacteria that can develop in the middle ear, just behind the eardrum. In a new study, researchers explore the use of microplasma -- a highly focused stream of chemically excited ions and molecules -- as a noninvasive method for attacking the bacterial biofilms that resist antibiotic treatment in the middle ear.

Study reveals characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein

A new study provides foundational information about SARS-CoV-2's spike protein.

PCR of gargle lavage samples as effective as nasopharyngeal swabs to identify SARS-CoV-2 infection

Twenty-six subjects from a cohort of 80 tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 via nasopharyngeal swab, and all 26 tested positive using gargle lavage (mouthwash), according to new research.

No particular risk of infection of SARS-CoV-2 from cash, study finds

How long do coronaviruses remain infectious on banknotes and coins? Is it possible to become infected through contact with cash? Researchers developed a method specifically to test how many infectious virus particles can be transferred from cash to the skin in real-life conditions. Conclusion: under realistic conditions, the risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 from cash is very low.

We are more forgiving when people close to us misbehave

When people behave badly or unethically, their loved ones may judge them less harshly than they would judge a stranger who committed the same transgressions, but that leniency may come at the cost of the judger's own sense of self-worth, according to new research.

Eliminating RNA-binding protein improves survival in aggressive leukemia

Removing a protein that is often overexpressed in a rare and aggressive subtype of leukemia can help to slow the cancer's development and significantly increase the likelihood of survival, according to a new study in mice.

More genetic markers for inherited testicular cancer identified

A meta-analysis of nearly 200,000 men revealed 22 new genetic locations that could be susceptible to inherited testicular germ cell tumors.

Studies uncover details of 'exhausted' immune cells in patients with chronic infections

Two new studies provide insights into T cell exhaustion, which could lead to potential strategies to overcome it.

New study reveals serious long-term complications in youth-onset type 2 diabetes

Findings underscore the importance of early, intensive treatment. The study focused on complications of youth-onset type 2 diabetes. Overall, researchers saw a steady decline in blood glucose control over 15 years.

Neanderthal and Denisovan blood groups deciphered

The blood groups of three Neanderthals one Denisovan have been determined by a team including a palaeoanthropologist, population geneticists, and haematologists. Their research provides new data for understanding the origins, history, and health of these extinct hominin lineages.

Common weed could spell bellyache for gluten intolerant

New research has identified proteins in a common weed which could play havoc for farmers growing gluten-free crops, such as millet, buckwheat and sorghum, and people suffering from gluten intolerance.

Heart cell protein could lead to new treatments for heart failure and recovery

A protein that helps regulate calcium signaling within heart cells could play a key role in preventing chronic heart failure, according to a new study.

Emergency department visits related to opioid overdoses up significantly during COVID-19 pandemic

Emergency department visit rates because of an opioid overdose increased by 28.5 percent across the U.S. in 2020, compared to 2018 and 2019, recent research finds.

Does testosterone influence success? Not much, research suggests

With the Olympics underway, higher testosterone has often been linked to sporting success, and other kinds of success too. But beyond sport, new research has found little evidence that testosterone meaningfully influences life chances for men or women. In fact, the study suggests that despite the social myths surrounding testosterone, it could be much less important than previously thought.

Machine learning fuels personalized cancer medicine

Researchers have developed a computational tool that identifies cancer driver mutations for each tumor type.

Nearly half of surveyed female surgeons experienced major pregnancy complications

Researchers surveyed 1,175 surgeons and surgical trainees from across the U.S. to study their or their partner's pregnancy experiences. They found that 48 percent of surveyed female surgeons experienced major pregnancy complications, with those who operated 12-or-more hours per week during the last trimester of pregnancy at a higher risk compared to those who did not.

Scientists advance breast, ovarian cancer research with cryo-electron microscopy

Using advanced imaging technology, scientists have provided an unprecedented understanding of the BRCA1-BARD1 protein complex, which is often mutated in patients with breast or ovarian cancer. Their paper identifies aspects of how BRCA1-BARD1 functions, supporting future translational research, cancer prevention efforts and drug development.

First 3-D view of TB granulomas alters paradigm of their shape and formation

MicroCT of infected human lung tissue, along with histology and immunohistochemistry, was used to construct images of TB granulomas, airways and vasculature.

Biomedical scientists tie improved learning processes to reduced symptoms of depression

Brain imaging and mathematical modeling reveal previously unreported mechanistic features of symptoms associated with major depressive disorder.

Researchers develop 'dimmer switch' to help control gene therapy

In a major advancement in the field of gene therapy for rare and devastating diseases, researchers have developed a "dimmer switch" system that can control levels of proteins expressed from gene therapy vectors. The system is based on alternative RNA splicing using an orally available small molecule and works effectively in tissues throughout the body, including the brain.

Plastic, the Trojan Horse

A new study has found plastic accumulation in foods may be underestimated. There is also concern these microplastics will carry potentially harmful bacteria such as E. coli, which are commonly found in coastal waters, up the food chain.

Discovery within human cell cycle process to bring new understanding of cellular diseases

New research has uncovered an essential mechanism coordinating the processes of cell division and adhesion within humans. This discovery has profound potential for advancing understanding of cell adhesion signalling in cancerous tumor progression and metastasis.

Controlling asymmetry for drug synthesis

The cost-effectiveness of drug synthesis depends on a number of factors, including the amount of waste produced. A team of researchers have now discovered a catalyst that achieves exceptionally high-precision addition of hydrogen to carbon-carbon bonds, improving targeted synthesis by avoiding convoluted multi-step processes, and reducing wasteful by-products. The authors herald the reaction as especially useful in the production of complex natural substances such as pheromones.

Reprogrammed whale neurons predict neurotoxicity of environmental pollutants

A research team has directly reprogrammed whale somatic cells to neuronal cells, and conducted a neurotoxicity test using these cells. Exposure to a metabolite (4?OH-CB72) of polychlorinated biphenyls, ubiquitous environmental pollutants, caused apoptosis in the reprogrammed neurons. Transcriptome analysis of 4?OH-CB72-treated whale neurons showed altered expressions of genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation, chromatin degradation, axonal transport, and neurodegenerative diseases.

Reducing COVID-19 isolation times

Scientists have developed a mathematical simulator to guide isolation policies for patients infected with the new coronavirus.

A reversible male contraceptive, targeted to the testes with magnets

Women have several choices for long-lasting, reversible contraceptives, but most options for men are either single-use, such as condoms, or difficult to reverse, like vasectomies. Now, in a step toward a safe, long-lasting and reversible male contraceptive, researchers have developed magnetic, biodegradable nanomaterials that reduced the likelihood of mice fathering pups for at least 30 days.

Federal Register Notice: Temporary Halt in Residential Evictions to Prevent the Further Spread of COVID-19

Dr. Robert Redfield signed a declaration determining that the evictions of tenants could be detrimental to public health control measures to slow the spread COVID-19

How relaxing COVID-19 restrictions could pave the way for vaccine resistance

A new article outlines how relaxing Covid-19 restrictions could pave the way for new vaccine-resistant virus mutations. It describes how we are in an 'arms race' with the virus and how rising cases could provide opportunities for it to evolve into even more transmissible variants. The researchers say that any new variants could be more virulent, more vaccine resistant, and more dangerous for children and vulnerable groups such as transplant patients.

Differences in financial risk preferences can make or break a marriage

While it is well known that fighting over money can lead couples to divorce court, new research finds that differences in risk preferences, especially when it comes to financial matters, are likely a root cause of marital separation.

More than just walking: A new role for core brain region

For decades, a key brain area has been thought to merely regulate locomotion. Now, a research group has shown that the region is involved in much more than walking, as it contains distinct populations of neurons that control different body movements. The findings could help to improve certain therapies for Parkinson's disease.

Fruit fly offers lessons in good taste

The fruit fly has multiple taste organs throughout its body to detect chemicals, called tastants, that signal whether a food is palatable or harmful. It is still unclear, however, how individual neurons in each taste organ act to control feeding. To explore this question, a team used the fly pharynx as a model to study whether taste information regulates sugar and amino acid consumption at the cellular level.

Science Briefs

CDC is learning more about how COVID-19 spreads and affects people and communities. Learn more by viewing scientific briefs and agendas.

Science Brief: Background Rationale and Evidence for Public Health Recommendations for Fully Vaccinated People

The risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection in fully vaccinated people cannot be completely eliminated, but the benefits of relaxing some measures may outweigh the residual risk. This page offers background rationale and data for public health recommendations for fully vaccinated people.

Global dementia cases forecasted to triple by 2050

Positive trends in global education access are expected to decrease dementia prevalence worldwide by 6.2 million cases by the year 2050. Meanwhile, anticipated trends in smoking, high body mass index and high blood sugar are predicted to increase prevalence by nearly the same number: 6.8 million cases.

Patients report long-term favorable effects of weight loss surgery in their daily lives

A new study shows that over the course of five years, patients who had bariatric and metabolic surgery to treat uncontrolled type 2 diabetes reported greater physical health, more energy, less body pain, and less negative effects of diabetes in their daily lives, compared with patients who had medical therapy alone for their diabetes.

Model can predict how drug interactions influence antibiotic resistance

A model using simple changes in microbe growth curves could predict how drug resistance evolves in response to different antibiotic combinations, doses and sequences.

Black American women with vitamin D insufficiency more likely to test positive for COVID-19, study finds

In a recent study of Black American women, low levels of vitamin D appeared to be related to increased incidence of COVID-19 infection.

Emphasize personal health benefits of COVID-19 vaccination, experts say

Several forms of public messages can increase vaccination intentions, but messaging that emphasizes personal health benefits has the largest impact.

Early signs: Perceptual distortions in late-teens predict psychotic symptoms in mid-life

Subtle differences in perception during late-teen years can predict the development of hallucinations, delusions, and, in some instances, psychosis later in life, according to new research.

New strategy for drug design: Keeping copper atoms closer to keep bacteria away

Hydrogen peroxide reacts with copper to produce hydroxyl radicals with strong antibacterial properties. However, this requires high copper concentrations because two copper atoms have to come close together, which occurs by chance. Now, scientists have engineered a long polymer with copper-containing side units that create regions with locally high copper density, boosting the antibacterial activity of hydrogen peroxide and paving the way to a new drug design concept.

DNA tags enable blood-based tests to assess cancer treatment outcomes

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) shed into the blood was discovered in the late 1940s but with rapid advances in genomics and computational analytics in just the past few years, researchers now believe that studying tags, or modifications to this type of DNA, may lead to a better understanding of how to assess, and possibly modulate, treatment approaches for cancer and other diseases.

New insights into the relationship between how we feel and our views on aging

A new study finds that the disconnect between how old we feel and how old we want to be can offer insights into the relationship between our views on aging and our health.

Scientists uncover how decisions about what we see are relayed back through the brain

Researchers have discovered that decisions based on visual information, which involve a complex stream of data flowing forward and backwards along the brain's visual pathways, is broadcast widely to neurons in the visual system, including to those that are not being used to make the decision.

Travel

This page includes information about Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) for travelers and travel-related industries.

Travel: Frequently Asked Questions and Answers

Frequently Asked Questions regarding travel during the COVID-19 pandemic.

New approach for cell therapy shows potential against solid tumors with KRAS mutations

A new technology for cellular immunotherapy showed promising anti-tumor activity in the lab against hard-to-treat cancers driven by the once-considered "undruggable" KRAS mutation, including lung, colorectal, and pancreatic.

Eating for hunger or pleasure? Regulating these feeding behaviors involves different brain circuits

Researchers discovered that although the brain regulates feeding for pleasure and for hunger through serotonin-producing neurons in the midbrain, each type of feeding is wired by its own independent circuit that does not influence the other type of feeding.

Turning the molecular clock back on suppresses neuroblastoma tumor growth

Researchers show that restoring normal function of the molecular clock suppresses tumor growth in advanced neuroblastoma and can make tumors more sensitive to conventional chemotherapy.

Leader effectiveness may depend on emotional expression

Women leaders must often battle sexist stereotypes that label them 'too emotional' for effective leadership. A surprising new study shows that when they express calm, happy emotions, however, women are perceived as more effective leaders than men. The effect is most pronounced for leaders in top positions in an organization.

Scientists discover early signs of frontotemporal dementia in personalized cerebral organoids

Frontotemporal dementias are a group of fatal and debilitating brain disorders for which there are no cures. Researchers describe how they were able to recreate much of the damage seen in a widely studied form of the disease by growing special types of cerebral organoids in petri dishes. This form of the disease is caused by a genetic mutation in tau, a protein that is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. By studying these organoids, the scientists discovered how the mutated tau protein may trigger the death of a specific class of neurons known to be vulnerable in frontotemporal dementia. They also showed that they could prevent the death of these neurons by treating the organoids with an experimental drug, originally designed to combat Crohn's disease.

New breakthrough to help immune systems in the fight against cancer

New research has identified potential treatment that could improve the human immune system's ability to search out and destroy cancer cells within the body. Scientists have identified a way to restrict the activity of a group of cells which regulate the immune system, which in turn can unleash other immune cells to attack tumours in cancer patients.

Using silicone wristbands to measure air quality

Inexpensive and convenient devices such as silicone wristbands can be used to yield quantitative air quality data, which is particularly appealing for periods of susceptibility such as pregnancy.

What to Expect at Your Appointment to Get Vaccinated for COVID-19

Because COVID-19 is a new disease with new vaccines, you may have questions about what happens before, during, and after your appointment to get vaccinated. These tips will help you know what to expect when you get vaccinated, what information your provider will give you, and resources you can use to monitor your health after you are vaccinated.

Measuring creativity, one word at a time

Can you think of three words that are completely unrelated to one another? What about four, five, or even ten? According to researchers, this simple exercise of naming unrelated words and then measuring the semantic distance between them could serve as an objective measure of creativity.

T cell response not critical for immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 or recovery from COVID-19, study finds

New research conducted in monkeys reveals that T cells are not critical for the recovery of primates from acute COVID-19 infections.

Staying Safe in Emergency Shelters During COVID-19 Pandemic in Low Resource, Non-U.S. Settings

Provides suggestions to assist disaster response shelter management and staff in taking appropriate actions for reducing the possibility of COVID-19 spread among shelter staff, volunteers, residents, and visitors before, during, or after a disaster

No more finger pricks: A continuous glucose monitor benefits patients with diabetes in more ways than one

A 15-center study of 175 patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes found that continuous glucose monitoring, compared to blood glucose meter monitoring, or finger pricking, significantly decreased their hemoglobin A1C over eight months.

Scientists model 'true prevalence' of COVID-19 throughout pandemic

Scientists have developed a statistical framework that incorporates key COVID-19 data -- such as case counts and deaths due to COVID-19 -- to model the true prevalence of this disease in the United States and individual states. Their approach projects that in the U.S. as many as 60 percent of COVID-19 cases went undetected as of March 7, 2021, the last date for which the dataset they employed is available.

Second COVID-19 mRNA vaccine dose found safe following allergic reactions to first dose

A new study reports that among individuals who had an allergic reaction to their first mRNA COVID-19 vaccine dose, all who went on to receive a second dose tolerated it. Even some who experienced anaphylaxis following the first dose tolerated the second dose.

U.S. COVID-19 Vaccination Program: Vaccine Channel Portfolio by Jurisdiction

This report provides an overview of the multiple channels being used to ensure all Americans have access to COVID-19 vaccine. Jurisdictional delivery and administration portfolios vary across the United States because of population variability.

Brain's 'memory center' needed to recognize image sequences but not single sights

The visual cortex stores and remembers individual images, but when they are grouped into a sequence, mice can't recognize that without guidance from the hippocampus, according to a new study.

Improving air quality reduces dementia risk, multiple studies suggest

Improving air quality may improve cognitive function and reduce dementia risk, according to several recent studies.

Extreme heat, dry summers main cause of tree death in Colorado's subalpine forests

Even in the absence of bark beetle outbreaks and wildfire, trees in Colorado subalpine forests are dying at increasing rates from warmer and drier summer conditions, found recent research.

Two types of blood pressure meds prevent heart events equally, but side effects differ

In an analysis of almost 3 million patients taking a single high blood pressure medication for the first time, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) were as good as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors at preventing cardiovascular events linked to hypertension, including heart attack, stroke and heart failure. 51 possible side effects and safety concerns were examined: The patients taking ARBs were found to be significantly less likely to develop tissue swelling, cough, pancreas inflammation and bleeding in the digestive tract.

How to Protect Yourself & Others

The best way to prevent COVID-19 infection is to avoid exposure to this virus and follow these everyday preventative actions.

Safer Travel Tips for Families with Unvaccinated Children

Some travel activities, like staying at guest lodgings, can increase your risk of getting COVID-19. Your chances of exposure are higher if you come into close contact with others, especially people you don't know, or use shared public facilities.

Comprehensive clinical sequencing opens door to the promise of precision medicine

A new study highlights the power of comprehensive whole genome, whole exome and RNA sequencing to better understand and treat each patient's cancer.

New organ-on-a-chip finds crucial interaction between blood, ovarian cancer tumors

Researchers are pushing organ-on-a-chip devices to new levels that could change the way clinicians approach cancer treatment, particularly ovarian cancer.

New understanding of cell stability with potential to improve immune cell therapies

Researchers have developed two solutions with potential to overcome a key clinical limitation of immune cell therapies.

Shared and Congregate Housing

Ongoing mitigation guidance, mitigation guidance, and prevention and support for shared or congregate housing facilities.

'Missing self' contributes to organ rejection after transplantation

After kidney transplantation, natural killer cells of the recipient become active because they miss 'self' proteins on donor cells. These cells contribute to organ rejection, in addition to traditional modes of rejection involving T cells and antibodies.

Soft skin patch could provide early warning for strokes, heart attacks

Engineers developed a soft, stretchy ultrasound patch that can be worn on the skin to monitor blood flow through vessels deep inside the body. Such a device can make it easier to detect cardiovascular problems, like blockages in the arteries that could lead to strokes or heart attacks.

Less-sensitive COVID-19 tests may still achieve optimal results if enough people tested, study finds

A computational analysis of COVID-19 tests suggests that, in order to minimize the number of infections in a population, the amount of testing matters more than the sensitivity of the tests that are used.

Global warming may limit spread of dengue fever, new research finds

Infection with dengue virus makes mosquitoes more sensitive to warmer temperatures, according to new research. The team also found that infection with the bacterium Wolbachia, which has recently been used to control viral infections in mosquitoes, also increases the thermal sensitivity of the insects. The findings suggest that global warming could limit the spread of dengue fever but could also limit the effectiveness of Wolbachia as a biological control agent.

Excess coffee: A bitter brew for brain health

It's a favourite first-order for the day, but while a quick coffee may perk us up, new research shows that too much could be dragging us down, especially when it comes to brain health.

New approach eradicates breast cancer in mice

A new approach to treating breast cancer kills 95 to 100 percent of cancer cells in mouse models of human estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancers and their metastases in bone, brain, liver and lungs. The newly developed drug, called ErSO, quickly shrinks even large tumors to undetectable levels.

Geneticists pinpoint how a mutation causes devastating childhood cancer and successfully target tumor cells with tailored drug

Geneticists have discovered how a specific genetic mutation (H3K27M) causes a devastating, incurable childhood cancer, known as diffuse midline glioma (DMG), and -- in lab studies working with model cell types -- successfully reverse its effects to slow cancer cell growth with a targeted drug. Their landmark work translates crucial new understanding of the genetics of DMG progression into a highly promising, targeted therapeutic approach and offers significant hope of improved treatments in the future.

Scientists discover gene therapy provides neuroprotection to prevent glaucoma vision loss

A form of gene therapy protects optic nerve cells and preserves vision in mouse models of glaucoma, according to new research. The findings suggest a way forward for developing neuroprotective therapies for glaucoma, a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness.

Untwisting DNA reveals new force that shapes genomes

Advances in microscopy reveal how the human genome organises itself in three-dimensional space at much higher resolution than previously possible. A new study finds that transcription generates a force that moves across DNA strands like ripples through water. The discovery may have future implications for the understanding of genetic diseases such as Cornelia de Lange syndrome, developmental disorders linked to chromatin folding, and open new avenues of research in genome fragility and cancer development.

Wearable devices can reduce collision risk in blind and visually impaired people

A new randomized controlled trial shows wearing a vibrating collision device can reduce collisions in people who are blind and visually impaired, adding a potential new tool that can be used by these populations in addition to a long cane, to ensure independent travel safety.

Researchers automate brain MRI image labeling, more than 100,000 exams labelled in under 30 minutes

Researchers have automated brain MRI image labeling, needed to teach machine learning image recognition models, by deriving important labels from radiology reports and accurately assigning them to the corresponding MRI examinations. Now, more than 100,00 MRI examinations can be labeled in less than half an hour.

'Good cholesterol' may protect liver

The body's so-called good cholesterol may be even better than we realize. New research suggests that one type of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) has a previously unknown role in protecting the liver from injury. This HDL protects the liver by blocking inflammatory signals produced by common gut bacteria.

Young workers now value respect over 'fun' perks in the workplace

Millennials, often referred to as the 'job-hopping generation,' represent a group of young workers who once grabbed the national spotlight with their publicized demands for 'fun' work perks, such as happy hours. However, researchers have discovered today's young workers -- ages 21-34 -- represent a life-stage shift toward placing more value on having respectful communication in the workplace over trendy work perks.

AI built to find anti-aging chemical compounds

Scientists have built an artificial intelligence (AI) model that identifies chemical compounds that promote healthy aging - paving the way towards pharmaceutical innovations that extend a person's lifespan.

Investigational magnetic device shrinks glioblastoma in human test

Researchers shrunk a deadly glioblastoma tumor by more than a third using a helmet generating a noninvasive oscillating magnetic field that the patient wore on his head while administering the therapy in his own home. The 53-year-old patient died from an unrelated injury about a month into the treatment, but during that short time, 31% of the tumor mass disappeared. The autopsy of his brain confirmed the rapid response to the treatment.

Eyes wide shut: How newborn mammals dream the world they're entering

As a newborn mammal opens its eyes for the first time, it can already make visual sense of the world around it. But how does this happen before they have experienced sight?

Researchers develop tool to drastically speed up the study of enzymes

A new tool that enables thousands of tiny experiments to run simultaneously on a single polymer chip will let scientists study enzymes faster and more comprehensively than ever before.

New study provides clues to decades-old mystery about cell movement

A new study shows that the stiffness of protein fibers in tissues, like collagen, are a key component in controlling the movement of cells. The groundbreaking discovery provides the first proof of a theory from the early 1980s and could have a major impact on fields that study cell movement from regenerative medicine to cancer research.

Cell-analysis technique could combat tuberculosis

Researchers have developed a way to analyze how individual immune cells react to the bacteria that cause tuberculosis. It could pave the way for new vaccine strategies and provide insights into fighting other infectious diseases.

Pathogens get comfy in designer goo

New hydrogels mimic intestines when lined with epithelial cells. A study demonstrated hydrogels in various stiffnesses are valuable for learning the dynamics of pathogens that cause diarrhea and other intestinal diseases.

Personalized immunotherapy: Rapid screening of therapeutic combinations

An innovative testing platform that more closely mimics what cancer encounters in the body may allow for more precise, personalized therapies by enabling the rapid study of multiple therapeutic combinations against tumor cells. The platform uses a three-dimensional environment to more closely mirror a tumor microenvironment.

Unlocking genetic clues behind aortic aneurysm

After examining nearly the entire human genome for genetic changes that increase risk of aneurysm, researchers discovered a new change in the genetic code of a transcription factor.

Professional rugby may be associated with changes in brain structure, study finds

Participation in elite adult rugby may be associated with changes in brain structure, according to a new study.

Evidence of sustained benefits of pimavanserin for dementia-related psychosis

Researchers have published evidence of the sustained benefits of an investigational antipsychotic treatment for people with dementia-related psychosis.

When to Quarantine

Quarantine If You Might Be Sick

Scientists harness the naturally abundant CRISPR-Cas system to edit superbugs with the hope of treating infections caused by drug resistant pathogens

Researchers reported the development of a transferrable and integrative type I CRISPR-based platform that can efficiently edit the diverse clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a superbug capable of infecting various tissues and organs and a major source of nosocomial infections. The technique can accelerate the identification of resistance determinants of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens and the development of novel anti-resistance strategies.

Informing policy for long-term global food security

More than 820 million people in the world don't have enough to eat, while climate change and increasing competition for land and water are further raising concerns about the future balance between food demand and supply. The results of a new study can be used to benchmark global food security projections and inform policy analysis and public debate on the future of food.

MRI, clear cell likelihood score correlate with renal mass growth rate

The standardized non-invasive clear cell likelihood score (ccLS) -- derived from MRI -- correlates with the growth rate of small renal masses (cT1a, <4 cm) and may help guide personalized management.

Study finds calcium precisely directs blood flow in the brain

Researchers have shown how the brain communicates to blood vessels when in need of energy, and how these blood vessels respond by relaxing or constricting to direct blood flow to specific brain regions.

Dynamic heart model mimics hemodynamic loads, advances engineered heart tissue technology

A new model mimics physiologic loads on engineering heart muscle tissues, yielding an unprecedented view of how genetics and mechanical forces contribute to heart muscle function.

Exoskeletons have a problem: They can strain the brain

Exoskeletons - wearable devices used by workers on assembly lines or in warehouses to alleviate stress on their lower backs - may compete with valuable resources in the brain while people work, canceling out the physical benefits of wearing them, a new study suggests.

Lifting advice doesn't stand up for everyone, study finds

Commonly accepted advice to keep a straight back and squat while lifting in order to avoid back pain has been challenged by new research. The research examined people who had regularly performed manual lifting through their occupation for more than five years and found those who experienced low back pain as a result were more likely to use the recommended technique of squatting and keeping a straight back, while those without back pain tended not to adhere to the recommended lifting advice.

Toolkit for H-2A Employers, Partner Agencies, and Partner Organizations

Learn what agriculture employers, partner agencies, and partner organizations need to know during COVID-19.​

How Much Do You Know about COVID-19 Vaccines?

Take this quiz to test your knowledge and learn about COVID-19 vaccines.

Study links vaccine immune response to age

Older people appear to have fewer antibodies against the novel coronavirus, a new laboratory study suggests. With vaccine uptake slowing in Oregon and across United States, researchers say their findings underscore the importance of promoting vaccinations in local communities.

Chromosomes separation under focus

During cell division, chromosomes are duplicated and separated so that one copy of each chromosome is inherited by each of the two emerging daughter cells. Correct distribution of chromosomes requires high accuracy and defects in this process can cause aberrant distribution of chromosomes and facilitate cancer development. By analyzing the structure of the protein responsible for chromosome separation, a team has shed light on the mechanisms controlling this essential player in cell division.

Toxicity testing on the placenta and embryo

Researchers have developed a cell culture test to detect substances that are directly or indirectly harmful to embryos. Based on an existing test used for developing new drugs and chemicals, the augmented version is designed to help reduce the number of animal experiments.

Advancing the long-term well-being of people living with HIV

A global multidisciplinary group of HIV experts has developed a consensus statement identifying the key issues health systems must address in order to move beyond the longtime emphasis on viral suppression to instead deliver integrated, person-centered healthcare for people living with HIV throughout their lives.

Researchers find immune component to rare neurodegenerative disease

Researchers have identified an immune protein tied to the rare neurodegenerative condition known as Niemann-Pick disease type C. The finding, made in mouse models, could offer a powerful new therapeutic target for Niemann-Pick disease type C, a condition that was identified more than a century ago but still lacks effective treatments.

New study confirms relationship between toxic pollution, climate risks to human health

In a new study that combines assessments of the risks of toxic emissions, nontoxic emissions and people's vulnerability to them, researchers found a strong and statistically significant relationship between the spatial distribution of global climate risk and toxic pollution.

Ibrutinib effective treatment for difficult-to-treat forms of hairy cell leukemia, study finds

The oral targeted therapy drug ibrutinib is an effective treatment option for high-risk hairy cell leukemia, according to a new study.

Breastfeeding, even for a few days, linked to lower blood pressure in early childhood

Babies who were breastfed, even for a few days, had lower blood pressure at 3 years of age than children who had never been breastfed. Toddlers who had been breastfed had lower blood pressure regardless of their body mass index or their mothers' social, health or lifestyle factors.

Residential proximity to oil and gas drilling linked to lower birthweights in newborns

A new study has found that infants born within three kilometers of oil and natural gas drilling facilities in Texas had slightly lower birthweights than those born before drilling began in their vicinity.

C is for Vitamin C -- a key ingredient for immune cell function

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) help control inflammation and autoimmunity in the body. Unfortunately, it has proven difficult to find the right molecular ingredients to induce stable iTregs. Now a new study reports that Vitamin C and TET proteins can work together to give Tregs their life-saving power.

Blocking how the malaria parasite suppresses the immune response

The parasites that cause severe malaria are well-known for the sinister ways they infect humans, but new research may lead to drugs that could block one of their most reliable weapons: interference with the immune response.

Scientists link frailty and neurocognitive decline in childhood cancer survivors

Scientists have shown that frailty contributes to neurocognitive decline in young adult survivors of childhood cancer.

Wearable brain-machine interface turns intentions into actions

An international team of researchers is combining soft scalp electronics and virtual reality in a brain-interface system.

Breakthrough in detection of SARS-CoV-2 variant in wastewater

Researchers have developed an innovative method to detect and quantify the more transmissible B.1.1.7 (Alpha) variant of concern via wastewater epidemiology.

Smartphone gaming can be harmful for some seeking relief from boredom, study finds

Smartphone gaming can be harmful to players who game to escape their negative mood and feelings of boredom, a new study has found.

Considerations for the Case Investigation and Contact Tracing Workforce: Enhancing Access to COVID-19 Vaccination Services

This page describes how case investigators and contact tracers can provide vaccination support.

Thumb-sized device quickly 'sniffs out' bad breath

Researchers have constructed a portable, thumb-sized device that diagnoses bad breath by quickly 'sniffing' exhalations for the gas that makes it stinky -- hydrogen sulfide.

Toward one drug to treat all coronaviruses

Researchers have analyzed viral proteins across 27 coronavirus species and thousands of samples from COVID-19 patients, identifying highly conserved sequences that could make the best drug targets.

New method predicts COVID-19 severity, could help with hospital triage

Researchers have developed a blood test to predict which people infected with COVID-19 are most likely to experience serious symptoms, which could help health care workers prioritize patients for hospitalization and intensive care.

Cognitive decline may help predict future fracture risk in women

A 16-year study has revealed a link between cognitive decline, bone loss and fracture risk in women.

Novel method predicts if COVID-19 clinical trials will fail or succeed

Researchers have modeled COVID-19 completion versus cessation in clinical trials using machine learning algorithms and ensemble learning.

Nanoparticles create heat from light to manipulate electrical activity in neurons

Engineers developed technology to use nanoparticles to heat, manipulate cells in the brain and heart.

Effectiveness of mRNA vaccines against the Alpha and Beta variants in France

In a new study, scientists show that the two-dose vaccination regimen of mRNA vaccines provides 88 percent protection against non-variant virus, 86 percent against the Alpha variant, and 77 percent against the Beta variant.

Many ICU staff have experienced mental health conditions in COVID-19 pandemic

A high proportion of staff working in intensive care units during the COVID-19 pandemic have experienced mental health conditions, according to a new study.

Cancer: Information theory to fight resistance to treatments

A major challenge in cancer therapy is the adaptive response of cancer cells to targeted therapies. Although this adaptive response is theoretically reversible, such a reversal is hampered by numerous molecular mechanisms that allow the cancer cells to adapt to the treatment. A team has used information theory, in order to objectify in vivo the molecular regulations at play in the mechanisms of the adaptive response and their modulation by a therapeutic combination.

SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.617 gives the immune system a hard time

Researchers have investigated the SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.617 in detail. In cell culture studies, they found that this variant can infect certain lung and intestinal cell lines more efficiently than the original virus. The researchers also demonstrated that B.1.617 is less sensitive to inhibition by antibodies present in the blood of convalescent or vaccinated individuals and resistant to a therapeutic antibody used for COVID-19 treatment.

Frequently Asked Questions about v-safe

Find answers to common questions about v-safe, the after vaccination health checker used to report vaccine side effects.

Long-term prognosis for some patients with severe brain injury better than expected, study finds

New research adds to a body of evidence indicating decisions about withdrawing life-sustaining treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) should not be made in the early days following injury.

Research provides insights into high-risk younger demographics for severe COVID-19

Using data from 9,859 COVID-19 infections, researchers have new insights into risk factors for younger populations, some of which differ significantly from their older counterparts. People younger than 45 had a greater than threefold increased risk of severe infection if they had cancer or heart disease, or blood, neurologic or endocrine disorders, the research found. These associations were weaker in older age groups.

SARS-CoV-2 spike mutation L452R evades human immune response and enhances infectivity, researchers find

Researchers have shown that the L452R mutation of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, which is common to two variants (Epsilon and Delta), is involved in cellular immunity evasion via the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) A24, and enhances viral infectivity.

Antibiotic prescriptions for kids plummet during pandemic

A new study finds that medications prescribed for children dropped by more than a quarter during the first eight months of the pandemic compared to the previous year, with the steepest declines in infection-related medicines like antibiotics and cough-and-cold drugs.

No link between moderate coffee consumption and increased risk of cardiac arrhythmia, researchers find

In a new study, researchers found no evidence that moderate coffee consumption leads to a greater risk of cardiac arrhythmia.

More than 1.5 million children lost a primary or secondary caregiver due to the COVID-19 pandemic

More than 1.5 million children around the world are estimated to have lost at least one parent, custodial grandparent, or grandparent who lived with them due to death related to COVID-19 during the first 14 months of the pandemic, according to a new study.

COVID-19 shutdowns reveal racial disparities in exposure to air pollution

A new study of COVID-19 shutdowns in the United States reveals pronounced disparities in air pollution -- with disenfranchised, minority neighborhoods still experiencing more exposure to a harmful air pollutant compared to wealthier, white communities.

COVID-19 Vaccine Equity for Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups

Vaccine equity and addressing vaccine disparities among racial and ethnic minority groups

'Springing forward' affects early birds less than night owls

Every spring, the Daylight Saving Time shift robs people of an hour of sleep - and a new study shows that DNA plays a role in how much the time change affects individuals. People whose genetic profile makes them more likely to be 'early birds' can adjust to the time change in a few days. But those who tend to be 'night owls' could take more than a week to get back on track.

Scientists uncover how a molecule improves appearance of surgery scars

In a new study, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC scientists discovered that the alphaCT1 molecule may help repair the skin's collagen matrix by altering how scar-forming cells behave. The findings were published in the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Journal.

SARS-CoV-2: Achilles' heel of viral RNA

Certain regions of the SARS-CoV-2 genome might be a suitable target for future drugs, researchers have found. With the help of dedicated substance libraries, they have identified several small molecules that bind to certain areas of the SARS-CoV-2 genome that are almost never altered by mutations.

Is bacterial acidity a key to tackle antimicrobial resistance?

Decreasing bacterial acidity could help reduce antimicrobial resistance by eliminating bacteria that can survive being treated with antibiotics.

Untrained beer drinkers can taste different barley genotypes

When it comes to craft beer, the flavor doesn't have to be all in the hops. As a panel of amateur beer tasters at Washington State University recently demonstrated, malted barley, the number one ingredient in beer besides water, can have a range of desirable flavors too.

Strong signals: Modeling the dynamics of cell differentiation in the development of bile ducts

Scientists employed a mathematical model to simulate the differentiation of epithelial cells based on signaling molecules from the liver's portal vein. This work may lead to new tools to better understand the very complicated signaling pathways involved in cell differentiation.

No IgA leads to intestinal inflammation in mice

Researchers have found that immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency leads to disruption of the ileal gut microbiota and increased inflammation in the ileum in mice. This suggests that IgA plays an important role in mucosal homeostasis by regulating the intestinal microbiota and protecting against mucosal inflammation, especially in the ileum

Revealing the secrets of cell competition

Cellular competition is a crucial quality control process that ensures that the development of an organism relies on healthy cells. Researchers revealed the secrets underlying cell competition and what features can pre-determine whether a cell will survive or not. Defects in energy production are critical in making cells vulnerable to elimination.

Study finds surprising source of social influence

New research found that social influencers are unlikely to change a person's behavior by example. To stimulate a shift in people's thinking, target small groups of people in the outer edge or fringe of a network.

Copper transporter potential new treatment target for cardiovascular disease

An internal transporter that enables us to use the copper we consume in foods like shellfish and nuts to enable a host of vital body functions also has the essential role of protecting the receptor that enables us to grow new blood vessels when ours become diseased, scientists report.

Spinal fluid biomarkers detect neurodegeneration, Alzheimer's disease in living patients

Alzheimer's disease and other forms of neurodegeneration can be identified using a combination of biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid of living patients, researchers find.

The environmental toll of disposable masks

The high monetary cost and environmental toll of disposable N95 masks could be dramatically cut by adopting reusable masks, according to a new study that calculated the financial and environmental cost of several different mask usage scenarios.

MET amplification as driver for some non-small cell lung cancers

A study has helped define MET amplification as an actionable driver for some non-small cell lung cancers.

A machine learning breakthrough: using satellite images to improve human lives

New machine learning technology has devised a machine learning system to tap the problem-solving potential of satellite imaging. The low-cost, easy-to-use technology could bring satellite image access and analytical power to researchers and governments worldwide.

COVID-19 Vaccine Communication Toolkit for Essential Workers: Getting Started

The CDC has designed a toolkit to help community-based organizations (CBOs) educate communities about new COVID-19 vaccines.

New study examines commuter characteristics and traffic pollution exposure among commuters

New research examines commuter characteristics to better understand how factors such as departure time, frequency, and commute length are associated with exposure to air pollution. Using personal air pollution monitors, the research clustered commuters to determine whether these clusters were associated with traffic pollution exposures. The study reveals that commuters that travel during rush hour have higher overall exposure to traffic-related air pollution compared to sporadic commuters, though the difference was not statistically significant.

A new, inexpensive way to heal chronic wounds

Scientists are developing a low-cost, practical biopolymer dressing that helps heal chronic wounds.

How cells control mitochondria

Researchers discover a signaling protein that controls the assembly of human cellular 'power plants'.

Abelacimab effective blood clot treatment, study suggests

A potentially game-changing treatment for people with, or at risk of, blood clots has been found effective by an international team of researchers.

Robotic neck brace can help analyze cancer treatment impacts

A new robotic neck brace may help doctors analyze the impact of cancer treatments on the neck mobility of patients and may help guide their recovery.

Why MS patients develop progressive disability

Did you know multiple sclerosis (MS) means multiple scars? New research shows that the brain and spinal cord scars in people with MS may offer clues to why they developprogressive disability but those with related diseases where the immune system attacks the central nervous system do not. Researchers assessed if inflammation leads to permanent scarring in these three diseases.

RNA modification may protect against liver disease

An RNA modification may offer protection against non-alcoholic fatty liver, a condition that results from a build-up of fat in the liver and can lead to advanced liver disease, according to a new study. The modification may also explain why females tend to have higher fat content in the liver.

Living near woodlands is good for children and young people's mental health

Analysis of children and young people's proximity to woodlands has shown links with better cognitive development and a lower risk of emotional and behavioural problems, in new research that could influence planning decisions in urban areas.

Novel autoantibody adds fuel to COVID-19 'firestorm' of inflammation, blood clots

Researchers have discovered another functional autoantibody in COVID-19 patients that contributes to the disease's development and the 'firestorm' of blood clots and inflammation it induces. The autoantibody makes it much harder for the body to degrade neutrophil extracellular traps, the toxic webs of DNA and proteins produced by overactive immune cells at heightened levels in COVID patients.

When money's tight, parents talk less to kids; could this explain the word gap?

Parenting deficiencies have long been blamed for the vocabulary gap between low-income children and their more affluent peers. But new research implicates the economic context in which parenting takes place -- in other words, the wealth gap.

Non-neuronal cells drive sex differences in early brain development

A new study shows that during development, brain cells may find different ways to connect with each other based on sex.

Researcher's work with flies could be birth control boon

When it comes to making eggs, female flies and female humans are surprisingly similar. And that could be a boon for women seeking better birth control methods, a researcher reports.

For concussion patients, CTs offer window into recovery

CT scans for patients with concussion provide critical information about their risk for long-term impairment and potential to make a complete recovery - findings that underscore the need for physician follow-up.

High respiratory efforts in COVID-19 patients could result in self-inflicted lung injury, study shows

Some COVID-19 patients who experience acute respiratory failure respond by significantly increasing their respiratory effort -- breathing faster and more deeply. There is concern among some doctors that this level of respiratory effort can lead to further damage to these patients' lungs. Working with intensive care clinicians, engineering researchers have used computational modeling to provide new evidence that high respiratory efforts in COVID-19 patients can produce pressures and strains inside the lung that can result in injury.

Study shows why second dose of COVID-19 vaccine shouldn't be skipped

The second dose of a COVID-19 vaccine induces a powerful boost to a part of the immune system that provides broad antiviral protection, according to a new study.

Guidance for Adult Day Services Centers

Strategies for administrators and staff to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in Adult Day Service Centers (ADSCs). ADSCs provide social or health services to community-dwelling adults aged 65 and over and adults of any age living with disability.

COVID-19 Hospitalization and Death by Race/Ethnicity

Risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and death by race/ethnicity

A small molecule induces readthrough of cystic fibrosis CFTR nonsense mutations

An experimental drug suggests that a 'path is clearly achievable' to treat currently untreatable cases of cystic fibrosis disease caused by nonsense mutations. This includes about 11 percent of cystic fibrosis patients, as well as patients with other genetic diseases.

Firefighters found to have persistent lung damage from Fort McMurray wildfire

Firefighters at the center of the battle against the massive Fort McMurray, Alberta wildfire in 2016 have persistent lung damage, according to new findings by a occupational health research team. The firefighters had more than double the risk of developing asthma compared with the general population. They also exhibited a number of changes in lung function tests supportive of an effect on the lungs, including greater lung hyperreactivity and increased thickening of the bronchial wall.

Novel approach for developing new antibiotics

Researchers have developed a novel method for producing new antibiotics to combat resistant bacteria. Through an approach that would target bacteria with an antibiotic that is masked by a pro-drug, which the bacteria would themselves remove, the researchers identified a method that would allow for development of new, effective antibiotics that could overcome issues of resistance.

Novel coronavirus discovered in British bats

A coronavirus related to the virus that causes Covid-19 in humans has been found in UK horseshoe bats. However, there is no evidence that this novel virus has been transmitted to humans, or that it could in future, unless it mutates.

Championing chrononutrition with protein, the morning elixir for muscle growth

Proteins are essential for body growth and muscle building. However, protein metabolism varies depending on the body's internal biological clock. Therefore, it is important to know how distribution of protein intake over the day affects muscles. Researchers have now found that consumption of proteins at breakfast increases muscle size and function in mice and humans, shedding light on the concept of 'Chrononutrition' that deals with the timing of diets to ensure organ health.

Repairing hearts with deadly spider venom: Study

A potentially life-saving treatment for heart attack victims has been discovered from a very unlikely source - the venom of one of the world's deadliest spiders. A drug candidate developed from a molecule found in the venom of the Fraser Island (K'gari) funnel web spider can prevent damage caused by a heart attack and extend the life of donor hearts used for organ transplants.

Mechanisms to separately regulate synaptic vesicle release and recycling

Interactions of two voltage-gated calcium channels and a pump enable separate control of exocytosis and endocytosis at chemical synapses.

Why identical mutations cause different types of cancer

Why do alterations of certain genes cause cancer only in specific organs of the human body? Scientists have now demonstrated that cells originating from different organs are differentially susceptible to activating mutations in cancer drivers.

COVID-19 antibodies persist at least nine months after infection, study shows

Testing of an entire Italian town shows antibody levels remain high nine months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, whether symptomatic or asymptomatic.

Mathematical models and computer simulations are the new frontiers in COVID-19 drug trials

Researchers are using computer models to simulate COVID-19 infections on a cellular level which allows for virtual trials of drugs and vaccines, opening the possibility of pre-assessment for drug and vaccine efficacy against the virus.

Deconstructing the infectious machinery of SARS-CoV-2

Scientists have published a comprehensive study that -- alongside other recent, complementary studies of coronavirus proteins and genetics -- represents the first step toward developing treatments for COVID-19.

Words matter: Language can reduce mental health and addiction stigma

Using appropriate language to describe mental illness and addiction can help to reduce stigma and improve how people with these conditions are treated in health care settings and throughout society. The authors define stigma as negative attitudes toward people that are based on certain distinguishing characteristics.

COVID-19 Hospitalization and Death by Age

Risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and death by age group

When You Can be Around Others After You Had or Likely Had COVID-19

If you have or think you might have COVID-19, it is important to stay home and away from other people. Staying away from others helps stop the spread of COVID-19.

Scientists create tool to explore billions of social media messages, potentially predict political and financial turmoil

Scientists have invented an instrument to peer deeply into billions of Twitter posts -- providing an unprecedented, minute-by-minute view of popularity, from rising political movements, to K-pop, to emerging diseases. The tool -- called the Storywrangler -- gathers phrases across 150 different languages, analyzing the rise and fall of ideas and stories, each day, among people around the world. The Storywrangler quantifies collective attention.

Emotion, cooperation and locomotion crucial from an early age

What are the fundamental skills that young children need to develop at the start of school for future academic success? Researchers examined the links between emotion knowledge, cooperation, locomotor activity and numerical skills in 706 pupils aged 3 to 6. The results show that emotion knowledge, cooperative social behavior and locomotor activity are interrelated and associated with numerical skills. These results suggest that locomotor activity should be added to these fundamental skills.

Families with Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Members

Children younger than 12 are not yet eligible to get vaccinated. And other family members who have a weakened immune system may need to keep taking steps to protect themselves after they're fully vaccinated. Here are some ways to help protect family members.

Body mass index as a risk factor for diabetes varies throughout the world

There are substantial differences among low- and middle-income countries in the association between BMI and diabetes risk. Individual countries can optimize diabetes screening by tailoring guidelines to their specific population's risk threshold for BMI, age and gender. In some parts of the world, diabetes risk is greater at lower BMI thresholds and in younger ages than reflected in currently used cutoffs.

T-cell 'training grounds' behind robust immune system response seen in adenovirus vaccines

Adenovirus vaccine vectors, such as the ChAdOx1 nCov-19 construct which has risen to prominence as a major vaccine for COVID-19, may generate robust long-term immune system responses, according to scientists.

When You've Been Fully Vaccinated

Recommendations on what activities people can do after they have been fully vaccinated, including how to gather safely with vaccinated and unvaccinated people.

Interim Public Health Recommendations for Fully Vaccinated People

Interim public health recommendations describing the type of activities people who are fully vaccinated can do once fully vaccinated.

Laws and Regulations

To help prevent the spread of COVID-19 and help our country cope during the pandemic, CDC has occasionally issued legally binding orders and regulations. They are listed here.

Common antibiotic no more effective than placebo in preventing COVID-19 symptoms among non-hospitalized

A new study has found that the antibiotic azithromycin was no more effective than a placebo in preventing symptoms of COVID-19 among non-hospitalized patients, and may increase their chance of hospitalization, despite widespread prescription of the antibiotic for the disease.

No sign of COVID-19 vaccine in breast milk

Messenger RNA vaccines against COVID-19 were not detected in human milk, according to a small study, providing early evidence that the vaccine mRNA is not transferred to the infant.

New UK study reveals extent of brain complications in children hospitalized with COVID-19

Although the risk of a child being admitted to hospital due to COVID-19 is small, a new UK study has found that around 1 in 20 of children hospitalized with COVID-19 develop brain or nerve complications linked to the viral infection.

Accurate protein structure prediction now accessible to all

Protein design researchers have created a freely available method, RoseTTAFold, to provide access to highly accurate protein structure prediction. Scientists around the world are using it to build protein models to accelerate their research. The tool uses deep learning to quickly predict protein structures based on limited information, thereby compressing the time for what would have taken years of lab work on just one protein. Predicting intricate shapes of proteins vital to specific biological processes could speed treatment development for many diseases.

Glaucoma test 'best yet'

The latest investigations into a promising new genetic test for glaucoma - the leading cause of blindness worldwide - has found it has the ability to identify 15 times more people at high risk of glaucoma than an existing genetic test.

A rapid method to quantify antibodies against SARS-CoV-2

Scientists have developed a rapid, highly accurate test to detect antibodies against the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 in human serum, opening a new avenue for understanding the full extent of the pandemic and evaluating the effectiveness of vaccines.

Common medication used to reduce cholesterol levels may reduce COVID-19 severity

Using anonymized medical records from a national registry, researchers confirmed earlier findings that statins may substantially minimize adverse outcomes from SARS-CoV-2 infection.

When fawns perceive constant danger from many sources, they almost seem to relax

Burnout. It is a syndrome that is said to afflict humans who feel chronic stress. But after conducting a novel study using trail cameras showing the interactions between white-tailed deer fawns and predators, a researcher suggests that prey animals feel it, too.

Human waste contaminating urban water leads to 'superbug' spread

Contamination of urban lakes, rivers and surface water by human waste is creating pools of 'superbugs' in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC) - but improving access to clean water, sanitation and sewerage infrastructure could help to protect people's health, a new study reveals.

Engineers find imaging technique could become treatment for deep vein thrombosis

Researchers set out to develop technology capable of localizing and imaging blood clots in deep veins. Turns out their work may not only identify blood clots, but it may also be able to treat them.

Biomolecular bonsai: Controlling the pruning and strengthening of neuron branches

How neuronal circuits remodel themselves over time, especially during early development, is a major question in neurobiology. Using mice, researchers have uncovered a biomolecular mechanism behind the strengthening of connections from neurons called mitral cells. The team found that the protein BMPR-2 is a key regulator of selective stabilization of neuron branching and that strengthening of a branch happens only when neural signals are transmitted.

Researcher creates cell lines to help treat mitochondrial diseases in children

The mitochondrion has garnered quite the reputation for its role as the 'powerhouse of the cell.' These tiny, but mighty organelles play various life-sustaining roles, from powering our own cells and organs to fueling chemical and biological processes. But when they aren't working properly, a number of rare diseases can occur.

Red blood cell 'traffic' contributes to changes in brain oxygenation

Adequate blood flow supplies the brain with oxygen and nutrients, but the oxygenation tends to fluctuate in a distinct, consistent manner. The root of this varied activity, though, is poorly understood. Now, researchers have identified one cause of the fluctuations: inherent randomness in the flow rate of red blood cells through tiny blood vessels called capillaries.

Hope for psychosis sufferers

Scientists have opened the door to improved treatment of brain dysfunction which causes psychosis.

Brain organoid study highlights potential role of genetic and environmental interaction in autism spectrum disorder

Researchers have shown in a brain organoid study that exposure to a common pesticide synergizes with a frequent autism-linked gene mutation.

Frequently Asked Questions: Right of Reference to the CDC Influenza SARS-CoV-2 (Flu SC2) Performance Data for Manufacturers and Test Developers

CDC is offering manfacturers and test developers the right of reference to the CDC Influenza SARS-CoV-2 (Flu SC2) Multiplex Assay.

Human cells harness power of detergents to wipe out bacteria

Researchers have discovered that a molecule found within many of the body's cells kills germs by dissolving their protective membranes.

Study shows strong association between perceived risk, availability and past-year cannabis use

Combined perceptions of the risk and availability of cannabis influence the risk of cannabis use more than perceived risk and perceived availability alone, according to a new study. Researchers observed that those who perceived cannabis as low-risk and available were more likely to report using the drug in the past year and almost daily compared to those individuals who perceived cannabis as high-risk and unavailable. This is the first study to consider the joint effects of perceived risk and perceived availability.

A new avenue for fighting drug-resistant bacteria

A small regulatory RNA found in many problematic bacteria, including Escherichia coli, appears to be responsible for managing the response of these bacteria to environmental stresses. Researchers see a promising avenue for more effective treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Ultra-processed food linked to higher risk of IBD

A higher intake of ultra-processed food is associated with higher risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), finds a new study.

New study suggests benefit-to-harm balance of statins for healthy adults 'generally favorable'

Statins are associated with a small increased risk of side effects in patients without a history of heart disease, but these effects are mild compared with the potential benefits of treatment in preventing major cardiovascular events, say researchers.

Think about this: Keeping your brain active may delay Alzheimer's dementia 5 years

Keeping your brain active in old age has always been a smart idea, but a new study suggests that reading, writing letters and playing card games or puzzles in later life may delay the onset of Alzheimer's dementia by up to five years.

Adult children with college degrees influence parents' health in later life

Having no children who completed college is negatively associated with parents' self-rated health and positively associated with depressive symptoms. Additionally, among parents with the highest propensity for having no children who complete college, the consequences on depressive symptoms are greatest.

Molecular bridge mediates inhibitory synapse specificity in the cortex

Researchers have discovered that the cell adhesion protein IgSF11 determines the layer-specific synaptic connectivity of a distinct class of cortical interneurons.

Melanoma of the eye: Preclinical tests show path toward treatment

A preclinical study offers hope for treatment of uveal melanoma, a rare and deadly cancer of the eye. A small molecule inhibitor has been identified that dampens the potent drivers of this tumor. In mouse models, the inhibitor strongly limited primary disease in the eye and metastatic tumor dissemination to the liver, and animals survived longer, without overt side effects.

Antidepressants may improve outcomes in people with diabetes and depression

People with diabetes and depression who take antidepressants may have a lower risk of death and of serious diabetes complications, according to a new study.

Spending time outdoors has positive effect on our brains

If you're regularly out in the fresh air, you're doing something good for both your brain and your well-being.

Thinking without a brain

If you didn't have a brain, could you still navigate your surroundings? Thanks to new research on slime molds, the answer may be 'yes.' Scientists discovered that the brainless Physarum polycephalum uses its body to sense mechanical cues in its environment, and decides where to grow based on that information. This finding provides a model for understanding different types of cognition, including our own.

Newfound human brain cell type helps center people in mental maps

A previously unknown kind of human brain cell appears to help people center themselves in their personal maps of the world, according to a new study from neuroscientists. This discovery shed light on the cellular mechanisms underlying navigation and memory in humans, as well as what parts of the brain might get disrupted during the kinds of memory impairments common in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's.

Study shows Cannabis terpenes provide pain relief, contribute to 'entourage effect'

Researchers have found that terpenes mimic cannabinoids and produce similar pain-relieving effects, which are amplified when the two are used together.

Communication Resources for Travelers

Communication Resources for Travelers regarding travel health alerts and COVID-19.

Pandemic of antibiotic resistance is killing children in Bangladesh, researchers find

Pneumonia is the leading cause of death in children worldwide. A new study identifies an unusual pattern of deadly bacteria with resistance to all standard antibiotic therapy in children with pneumonia in Bangladesh. The findings signal an emerging pandemic of fatal antibiotic resistance.

Antibiotics in early life could affect brain development

Antibiotic exposure early in life could alter human brain development in areas responsible for cognitive and emotional functions, according to researchers.

How COVID-19 Spreads

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is most often spread from person to person among close contacts (about 6 feet).

New spray could someday help heal damage after a heart attack

Heart attack, or myocardial infarction, is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Although modern surgical techniques, diagnostics and medications have greatly improved early survival from these events, many patients struggle with the long-term effects of permanently damaged tissue, and the 5-year mortality rate remains high. Now, researchers have developed a minimally invasive exosome spray that helped repair rat hearts after myocardial infarction.

Short chain fatty acids: An 'ace in the hole' against SARS-CoV-2 infection

Scientists find that short chain fatty acids can be used to reduce susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality from COVID-19.

Trust me, I'm a chatbot

More and more companies are using chatbots in customer services. Due to advances in artificial intelligence and natural language processing, chatbots are often indistinguishable from humans when it comes to communication. But should companies tell customers they are communicating with machines and not with humans? Researchers investigated. Their research found that consumers tend to react negatively when they learn that the person they are talking to is, in fact, a chatbot.

Electroconvulsive therapy linked to longer hospital stays, increased costs

Electroconvulsive therapy, which may be effective at lowering long-term risks of suicide and death among patients with certain mood disorders, may result in longer hospital stays and increased health care costs, according to researchers. They said delivering the therapy in outpatient settings may make the treatment more cost-effective.

Scientists identify new gut-liver drug recycling process

A team of pharmaceutical researchers is reporting a newly recognized process of drug metabolism in the intestines - followed by recycling through the liver - that could have important implications for developing treatments for intestinal diseases and for taking multiple medications at the same time.

How to make biomedical research data able to interact?

Interoperability describes the ability of different systems to communicate. Scientists have now developed the strategy for a national infrastructure adopted by Swiss university hospitals and academic institutions. With its pragmatic approach, this strategy is based on the development of a common semantic framework that does not aim to replace existing standards, but to use them in a synergistic and flexible way according to the needs of the research and the partners involved.

Conversion of genetic information from DNA to proteins: role of mRNA

mRNA plays a key role in the conversion of genetic information from DNA to proteins. Their production is a delicate process. A research team has now identified a crucial factor.

Metal-based molecules show promise against the build-up of Alzheimer's peptides

In lab tests, researchers have created a metal-based molecule that inhibits the build-up of a peptide associated with Alzheimer's disease.

Personalized 3D printed knee implant could help thousands of arthritis sufferers

Pioneering 'printed metal' procedure to create bespoke treatment for early knee osteoarthritis set to be trialed in the UK following MHRA approval.

Study highlights need to replace 'ancestry' in forensics with something more accurate

A new study finds forensics researchers use terms related to ancestry and race in inconsistent ways, and calls for the discipline to adopt a new approach to better account for both the fluidity of populations and how historical events have shaped our skeletal characteristics.

'Neuroprosthesis' restores words to man with paralysis

Researchers have successfully developed a 'speech neuroprosthesis' that has enabled a man with severe paralysis to communicate in sentences, translating signals from his brain to the vocal tract directly into words that appear as text on a screen.

Idea sharing increases online learner engagement

Online learning engagement can be increased by nearly one-third by simply prompting students to share course ideas rather than personal details in the form of icebreakers and social introductions.

Signaling molecule may help prevent Alzheimer's disease

The main driver of Alzheimer's disease is excessive inflammation in the brain that is triggered by cells called astrocytes and microglia in response to high levels of amyloid beta deposits and tau tangles. New research reveals that a subset of astrocytes releases a molecule called interleukin-3 that instructs microglia to adopt a protective response and clear away amyloid beta deposits and tau tangles. Interleukin-3 may hold promise as a new therapeutic intervention in Alzheimer's disease.

Fungi that live in the gut influence health and disease

Bacteria's role in gut health has received attention in recent years. But new research shows that fungi -- another microorganism that lives within us -- may be equally important in health and disease. Fungi thrive in the healthy gut, but when interactions with the immune system are off-balance, they cause intestinal damage that may contribute to gastrointestinal disease. Additional investigation demonstrate that vaccines could be developed as therapeutics to improve gut health.

Vaccine hesitancy in young adults may hamper herd immunity

Vaccine skepticism among young adults may stall efforts to achieve herd immunity -- a threshold in which approximately 80 percent of a population is vaccinated against the coronavirus.

Liquid metal sensors and AI could help prosthetic hands to 'feel'

Prosthetics currently lack the sensation of 'touch.' To enable a more natural feeling prosthetic hand interface, researchers are the first to incorporate stretchable tactile sensors using liquid metal and machine learning. This hierarchical multi-finger tactile sensation integration could provide a higher level of intelligence for artificial hands by improving control, providing haptic feedback and reconnecting amputees to a previously severed sense of touch.

New study links moderate alcohol use with higher cancer risk

A new study has found an association between alcohol and a substantially higher risk of several forms of cancer, including breast, colon, and oral cancers. Increased risk was evident even among light to moderate drinkers (up to two drinks a day), who represented 1 in 7 of all new cancers in 2020 and more than 100,000 cases worldwide.

Revealing the mystery behind the threat of non-alcoholic liver disease

Researchers revealed how non-alcoholic fatty liver disease can develop into a life-threatening complication. Their discovery will accelerate the search for therapeutic solutions.

Study shows benefits of early anticlotting therapy in moderate COVID-19

New research shows that administering a full dose of a standard blood thinner early to moderately ill hospitalized patients with COVID-19 could halt the thrombo-inflammation process and reduce the risk of severe disease and death.

'Long COVID': More than a quarter of COVID-19 patients still symptomatic after 6 months

In a new study of adults from the general population who were infected with COVID-19 in 2020, more than a quarter report not having fully recovered after six to eight months.

COVID-causing coronavirus following predictable mutational footsteps

New research has shown that the mutations arising in the COVID-19-causing SARS-CoV-2 virus seem to run in the family -- or at least the genus of coronaviruses most dangerous to humans. After comparing the early evolution of SARS-CoV-2 against that of its closest relatives, the betacoronaviruses, researchers found that SARS-CoV-2 mutations are occurring in essentially the same locations, both genetically and structurally.

Impairments found in neurons derived from people with schizophrenia and genetic mutation

A scientific team has shown that the release of neurotransmitters in the brain is impaired in patients with schizophrenia who have a rare, single-gene mutation known to predispose people to a range of neurodevelopmental disorders.

Eating whole grains linked to smaller increases in waist size, blood pressure, blood sugar

A study finds middle- to older-aged adults who ate more servings of whole grains, compared to those who ate fewer, were more likely to have smaller increases in waist size, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels as they aged. All three are linked with increased risk of heart disease.

Bacteria are key to vaginal health, study finds

A recent study defines a mechanistic role for an understudied bacteria family in gynecologic disease.

Long-term memory setup requires a reliable delivery crew

Neural plasticity depends on a reliable delivery team of Kinesin protein KIF5C to carry goods like RNA from cell body to synapse, a new study finds.

Species of gut bacteria linked to enhanced cognition and language skills in infant boys

Infant boys with a higher composition of a particular gut microbiota show enhanced neurodevelopment, according to a new study.

Preventing lung cancer's unwelcome return

Approximately 15% of lung cancer tumors are caused by a mutation in a growth receptor called EGFR. An effective drug can kill most of the cancer cells, but the tumor eventually grows back. Researchers investigated the molecular mechanisms behind this relapse. They discovered that some of the cells were resistant to the EGFR treatment; they survived using a parallel pathway.

What you say in the first minute after a vaccine can be key in reducing a child's distress

New pain research finds what you say in the first minute after a vaccine can be key in reducing a child's distress.

Mosquito-resistant clothing prevents bites in trials

Researchers have created insecticide-free, mosquito-resistant clothing using textile materials they confirmed to be bite-proof in experiments with live mosquitoes.

Electric signals between individual cardiac cells regulate heartbeat

Researchers provide an update on how electrical impulses in the heart travel from cell to cell. The connections between cells forming the low resistance pathway and facilitating the current flow are called gap junctions. Each consists of many channels, which are formed when specific proteins from one cell dock and fuse to the proteins from another cell. The scientists delve into the properties of gap junctions and their constituent proteins.

Recent study identifies 11 candidate genetic variants for Alzheimer's disease

A recently published study identifies 11 rare candidate variants for Alzheimer's disease. Researchers found 19 different families in Utah that suffered from Alzheimer's disease more frequently than what is considered normal.

Mechanical stimuli significantly influence organ growth

In addition to chemical factors, mechanical influences play an important role in the natural growth of human organs such as kidneys, lungs and mammary glands - but also in the development of tumors. Now a research team has investigated the process in detail using organoids, three-dimensional model systems of such organs which are produced in the laboratory.

Rats prefer to help their own kind; humans may be similarly wired

A decade after scientists discovered that lab rats will rescue a fellow rat in distress, but not a rat they consider an outsider, new research pinpoints the brain regions that drive rats to prioritize their nearest and dearest in times of crisis. It also suggests humans may share the same neural bias.

Air pollution exposure linked to poor academics in childhood

Children exposed to elevated levels of air pollution may be more likely to have poor inhibitory control during late childhood and poor academic skills in early adolescence, including spelling, reading comprehension, and math skills. Difficulty with inhibition in late childhood was found to be a precursor to later air pollution-related academic problems. Interventions that target inhibitory control might improve outcomes.

Simulating microswimmers in nematic fluids

New research shows how control over self-propelled microswimmers could be achieved using exotic materials named 'nematic liquid crystals' - whose viscosity and elasticity can vary depending on the direction of an applied force.

Reducing data-transfer error in radiation therapy

As the complexity of radiation therapy has grown, so too has the amount of data that goes into treatment machines. With more data comes more opportunity for errors in data transfer. A medical physics researcher is working to make those errors less likely.

Combining plant-based diet and healthy microbiome may protect against multiple sclerosis

A new study shows that a diet rich in isoflavone, a phytoestrogen or plant-based compound that resembles estrogen, protects against multiple sclerosis-like symptoms in a mouse model of the disease. Importantly, the isoflavone diet was only protective when the mice had gut microbes capable of breaking down the isoflavones.

CDC's Diagnostic Test for COVID-19 Only and Supplies

How to Get CDC's COVID-19 Diagnostic Test and Supplies

Research Use Only CDC Influenza SARS-CoV-2 (Flu SC2) Multiplex Assay Real-Time RT-PCR Primers and Probes

Research-use-only primers and probes for CDC's Multiplex Assay for influenza and SARS-CoV-2

CDC's Diagnostic Multiplex Assay for Flu and COVID-19 and Supplies

CDC's multiplex assay simultaneously detects influenza A virus, influenza B virus, and SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.

The rat's whiskers: Multidisciplinary research reveals how we sense texture

Two very different teams of scientists have worked together to reveal important insights into how we sense texture by looking at the whiskers of a rat.

'Hydrogel-based flexible brain-machine interface'

A research team revealed a newly developed hydrogel-based flexible brain-machine interface.

More complex than we thought: The body's reaction to contact allergens

Many people react to contact allergens, but some patients develop rashes and itching much faster than others. Previously the scientists were unable to explain why, but now researchers have outlined an entire new subgroup of allergic reactions which explains these early skin reactions. The new knowledge is vital to understanding the disease mechanisms in contact allergy.

A new approach to metastatic melanoma discovered

Combining chemotherapy with a BRAF oncogene inhibitor proves effective at treating this disease in a mouse model. This alternative paves the way toward a new approach for patients affected by this type of tumor, which has no cure in the most advanced stages or cases of relapse.

Childhood lead exposure may adversely affect adults' personalities

A study sampled more than 1.5 million people in 269 U.S. counties and 37 European nations. Researchers found that those who grew up in areas with higher levels of atmospheric lead had less adaptive personalities in adulthood -- lower levels of conscientiousness and agreeableness and higher levels of neuroticism.

Protein appears to prevent tumor cells from spreading via blood vessels

Researchers have identified a specialized protein that appears to help prevent tumor cells from entering the bloodstream and spreading to other parts of the body.

Magnetic field from MRI affects focused-ultrasound-mediated blood-brain barrier

Researchers have found that the magnetic field of the MRI scanner decreased the BBB opening volume by 3.3-fold to 11.7-fold, depending on the strength of the magnetic field, in a mouse model.

Mathematicians develop ground-breaking modeling toolkit to predict local COVID-19 impact

Mathematicians have created a new modeling toolkit which predicts the impact of COVID-19 at a local level with unprecedented accuracy.

Novel screening approach improves diagnosis of metabolic disorders in newborns

A screening method known as untargeted metabolomics profiling can improve the diagnostic rate for inborn errors of metabolism, a group of rare genetic conditions, by about seven-fold when compared to the traditional metabolic screening approach.

Preferred life expectancy and its association with hypothetical adverse life scenarios

A new study sheds light on how the specter of dementia and chronic pain reduce people's desire to live into older ages. Among Norwegians 60 years of age and older the desire to live into advanced ages was significantly reduced by hypothetical adverse life scenarios with the strongest effect caused by dementia and chronic pain.

A redundant modular network supports proper brain communication

In a mouse model, brain regions involved in working memory present a modular network organization that is critical for persistent neural activity.

The Equalizer: An engineered circuit for uniform gene expression

Researchers deloped a new genetic circuit called the Equalizer that leads to uniform gene expression.

Artificial intelligence could be new blueprint for precision drug discovery

Researchers have described a new approach that uses machine learning to hunt for disease targets and then predicts whether a drug is likely to receive FDA approval.

MaxDIA: Taking proteomics to the next level

A new software improves data-independent acquisition proteomics by providing a computational workflow that permits highly sensitive and accurate data analysis.

'Clock' created to predict immunological health and chronic diseases of aging

Researchers have created an inflammatory clock of aging (iAge) which measures inflammatory load and predicts multi-morbidity, frailty, immune health, cardiovascular aging and is also associated with exceptional longevity in centenarians.

A fermented-food diet increases microbiome diversity and lowers inflammation, study finds

A diet rich in fermented foods enhances the diversity of gut microbes and decreases molecular signs of inflammation, according to researchers.

Technology that restores the sense of touch in nerves damaged as a result of injury

Researchers have developed a sensor that can be implanted anywhere in the body -- for example, under the tip of a severed finger. The sensor connects to another nerve that functions properly and restores tactile sensation to the injured nerve. The development is biocompatible and does not require electricity, wires, or batteries.

Human environmental genome recovered in the absence of skeletal remains

Ancient sediments from caves have already proven to preserve DNA for thousands of years. The amount of recovered sequences from environmental sediments, however, is generally low, which complicates analyses. A study has now successfully retrieved three mammalian environmental genomes from a single soil sample of 25,000 years BP obtained from the cave of Satsurblia in the Caucasus (Georgia).

People given 'friendly' bacteria in nose drops protected against meningitis, study suggests

A recent trial has shown that nose drops of modified 'friendly' bacteria may protect against meningitis.

Sensing 'junk' RNA after chemotherapy enhances blood regeneration

Scientists reveal that during hematopoietic regeneration, RNA expressed from a part of the genome considered 'junk DNA' is used by hematopoietic stem cells to get activated and proliferate. The study shows that these so-called transposable elements make RNA after chemotherapy and activate an immune receptor which induces inflammatory signals enhancing hematopoietic stem cell cycling and thus participating in the regeneration of the hematopoietic system.

Training helps teachers anticipate how students with learning disabilities might solve problems

Researchers found that a four-week training course made a substantial difference in helping special education teachers anticipate different ways students with learning disabilities might solve math problems.

Every spot of green space counts

An international study of parks and gardens finds even the humble roadside verge plays an important role in the environment and for our health.

Remarkable new insights into the pathology of Usher syndrome

Human Usher syndrome is the most common form of hereditary deaf-blindness. Researchers have now identified a novel pathomechanism leading to Usher syndrome. They have discovered that the Usher syndrome type 1G protein SANS plays a crucial role in regulating splicing process. Furthermore, they have been able to demonstrate that defects in the SANS protein can lead to errors in the splicing of genes related to the Usher syndrome, which may provoke the disease.

A step toward advancing precision hormone therapies to reduce Alzheimer's risk

When it comes to post-menopausal hormone therapy, the type, route and duration all play a role in reducing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases.

Innovative gene therapy 'reprograms' cells to reverse neurological deficiencies

A novel method of gene therapy is helping children born with a rare genetic disorder called AADC deficiency that causes severe physical and developmental disabilities. The study offers new hope to those living with incurable genetic and neurodegenerative diseases.

Scientists blueprint bacterial enzyme believed to 'stealthily' suppress immune response

Scientists have produced the first fine-detail molecular blueprints of a bacterial enzyme known as Lit, which is suspected to play a 'stealthy' role in the progression of infection by reducing the immune response. Blueprints such as these allow drug designers to uncover potential weaknesses in bacterial arsenals as they seek to develop new therapeutics that may help us win the war against antibiotic resistance.

A Trojan horse could help get drugs past our brain's tough border patrol

The blood-brain barrier protects the brain and is notoriously hard to get past for drug delivery, making it difficult to treat disorders in the central nervous system. In a mice study, a team of researchers used a novel approach to study the barrier and in detail characterized a Trojan horse technique to help to solve the challenge.

Sample preparation in forensic toxicological analysis may have huge impacts

In a new article, researchers provide an overview of sample preparation techniques and information on routine sample types that may be encountered in forensic toxicology cases.

For pediatric patients with Crohn's disease, factors associated with statural growth differ by sex

Growth impairment, a common complication of Crohn's disease in children, occurs more often in males than females, but the reasons are unclear. Now, a physician-scientists have found that factors associated with statural growth differ by sex.

Normal brain growth curves for children will aid in diagnoses

In the United States, nearly every pediatric doctor's visit begins with three measurements: weight, height and head circumference. Compared to average growth charts of children across the country, established in the 1970s, a child's numbers can confirm typical development or provide a diagnostic baseline to assess deviations from the curve. Yet, the brain, of vital importance to the child's development, is merely hinted at in these measurements.

Dying cells protect their neighbors to maintain tissue integrity

To enable tissue renewal, human tissues constantly eliminate millions of cells, without jeopardizing tissue integrity, form and connectivity. The mechanisms involved in maintaining this integrity remain unknown. Scientists now reveal a new process which allows eliminated cells to temporarily protect their neighbors from cell death, thereby maintaining tissue integrity.

Anti-tumor agent from the intestine

Certain metabolites of bacteria from the intestine make immune cells more aggressive as a new study conducted by scientists reveals. The findings could help improve cancer therapies.

Exposure to light with less blue before sleep is better for energy metabolism

Researchers have found that exposure to specific types of light before sleep can have variable effects on energy metabolism during sleep. Specifically, participants who went to sleep after exposure to organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), which emit polychromatic white light that contains less blue light than light-emitting diodes (LEDs), exhibited significantly decreased energy expenditure, core body temperature, and increased fat oxidation, indicating fewer negative health consequences compared with after nighttime exposure to LEDs.

A peek inside a flying bat's brain uncovers clues to mammalian navigation

The ability to focus on where we will be in the near future, rather than where we are at present, may be a key characteristic of the mammalian brain's built-in navigation system, suggests a new study. The researchers wirelessly tracked the brain activity of flying Egyptian fruit bats, finding that neural activity in the bats' hippocampuses more strongly represented future locations than current locations.

Research reveals structure of nanomachine that assembles a cell's energy control system

Researchers have determined the structure of a tiny multi-protein biological machine, furthering our understanding of human cells and helping to enhance research into cancer, neurodegeneration and other illnesses.

Team find brain mechanism that automatically links objects in our minds

When people see a toothbrush, a car, a tree -- any individual object -- their brain automatically associates it with other things it naturally occurs with, allowing humans to build context for their surroundings and set expectations for the world. By using machine-learning and brain imaging, researchers measured the extent of the 'co-occurrence' phenomenon and identified the brain region involved.

Brain mapping method illuminates targets for treating neuropsychiatric symptoms

Researchers developed a new brain mapping approach that may help clarify the cause of a variety of neuropsychiatric conditions and identify promising stimulation sites to target therapeutically.

Healthcare Facilities That Have Implemented COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting

Healthcare Facilities That Have Implemented COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting

Toolkit for People with Disabilities

People with Disabilities

Schools and Childcare Programs

Schools & Childcare: Guidance for School Settings

Community, Work, and School

Preventing COVID-19 spread in schools, workplaces, and communities.

COVID-19 Guidance for Operating Early Care and Education/Child Care Programs

COVID-19 Guidance for Operating Early Care and Education/Child Care Programs

Science Brief: Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in K-12 schools

COVID-19 transmission in schools is associated with community transmission. Transmission spread within schools can be limited with strict implementation of layered mitigation strategies.

Guidance for SARS-CoV-2 Point-of-Care Testing

This CDC webpage provides guidance on the regulatory requirements for SARS-CoV-2 POC testing, using POC tests safely, and information on reporting POC test results.

Long-Term Effects of COVID-19

Heart conditions associated with COVID-19 include inflammation and damage to the heart muscle itself, known as myocarditis, or inflammation of the covering of the heart, known as pericarditis.

COVID-19 Published Science and Research

CDC is learning more about how COVID-19 spreads and affects people and communities. Read more about what we're finding out in our CDC publications, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report and Emerging Infectious Diseases.

Tooth loss associated with increased cognitive impairment, dementia

Tooth loss is a risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia -- and with each tooth lost, the risk of cognitive decline grows, according to a new analysis.

Tiny tools: Controlling individual water droplets as biochemical reactors

Scientists develop a method to better manipulate tiny droplets in lab-on-a-chip applications for biochemistry, cell culturing, and drug screening.

Biomaterial vaccines ward off broad range of bacterial infections and septic shock

Researchers have developed a biomaterial-based infection vaccine (ciVAX) approach as a solution that could be broadly applied to challenges in infection medicine.

Our genes shape our gut bacteria

Researchers discovered that most bacteria in the gut microbiome are heritable after looking at more than 16,000 gut microbiome profiles collected over 14 years from a long-studied population of baboons in Kenya's Amboseli National Park.

Newborns to three months should be stimulated to hold and reach for objects, study says

When newborns observe adults performing everyday tasks, their social, motor and cognitive development is stimulated.

A novel neurological disorder associated with the Polycomb complex identified

A multi-institutional study has discovered spontaneous mutations in RNF2 (RING2) gene as the underlying cause of a novel neurological disorder.

Study gauges hospital preparedness for the next national medical crisis

Use of a new preparedness tool can help hospitals determine their ability to respond to unexpected surges due to mass shootings, terrorist attacks, or future pandemics.

Could ketogenic diet be helpful with brain cancer?

A modified ketogenic diet may be worth exploring for people with brain tumors, according to a new study. The small study found that the diet was safe and feasible for people with brain tumors called astrocytomas. The study was not designed to determine whether the diet could slow down tumor growth or improve survival.

How a large cat deity helps people to share space with leopards in India

A new study documents how a big cat deity worshipped by Indigenous Peoples facilitates coexistence between humans and leopards.

Imaging test may predict patients most at risk of some heart complications from COVID-19

Researchers have shown that a type of echocardiogram, a common test to evaluate whether a person's heart is pumping properly, may be useful in predicting which patients with COVID-19 are most at risk of developing atrial fibrillation -- an irregular heartbeat that can increase a person's risk for heart failure and stroke, among other heart issues.

Inhaled COVID-19 vaccine prevents disease and transmission in animals

In a new study assessing the potential of a single-dose, intranasal COVID-19 vaccine, researchers found that the vaccine fully protects mice against lethal COVID-19 infection. The vaccine also blocks animal-to-animal transmission of the virus.

An antioxidative stress regulator protects muscle tissue in space, mouse study shows

Researchers have found that nuclear factor E2-related factor 2, a master regulator of the oxidative stress response, affects muscle composition in microgravity. Targeting this protein could help protect against muscle changes during space flight, and could also have implications for muscle wasting in conditions such as cancer and aging.

Researchers record brainwaves to measure 'cybersickness'

In a new study, researchers used electroencephalography to better understand and work toward solutions for virtual reality-induced discomfort.

COVID-19 Vaccines for Long-Term Care Facility Residents

Vaccinating LTCF residents will save lives. Making sure LTCF residents can receive COVID-19 vaccination as soon as vaccines are available will help save the lives of those who are most at risk of dying from COVID-19. According to ACIP's recommendations, long-term care facility residents include adults who reside in facilities that provide a range of services, including medical and personal care, to persons who are unable to live independently. The communal nature of LTCFs and the population served (generally older adults often with underlying medical conditions) puts facility residents at increased risk of infection and severe illness from COVID-19

Researchers overcome winking, napping pigs to prove brain test works

If you've ever been to an eye doctor, there's a good chance you've felt the sudden puff of air to the eye that constitutes a traditional test for glaucoma. It's no one's favorite experience, but the puff is non-invasive and harmless. Scientists use a similar method to test learning and memory in animals and humans.

Handwriting beats typing and watching videos for learning to read

Though writing by hand is increasingly being eclipsed by the ease of computers, a new study finds we shouldn't be so quick to throw away the pencils and paper: handwriting helps people learn certain skills surprisingly faster and significantly better than learning the same material through typing or watching videos.

EHR alerts go unread, do not lead to deprescribing of medicines linked to dementia

The vast majority of electronic health record (EHR) alerts attempting to reduce prescribing of high-risk medications linked to dementia in older adults went unread in a new study.

Cell-type-specific insight into function of risk factors in coronary artery disease

Using single cell technology, a new study sheds light on the significance of genetic risk factors for, and the diversity of cells involved in, the development of coronary artery disease. The researchers analysed human atherosclerotic lesions to map the chromatin accessibility of more than 7,000 cells.

Climate changed the size of our bodies and, to some extent, our brains

The average body size of humans has fluctuated significantly over the last million years and is strongly linked to temperature. Colder, harsher climates drove the evolution of larger body sizes, while warmer climates led to smaller bodies. Brain size also changed dramatically but did not evolve in tandem with body size.

Novel study of high-potency cannabis shows some memory effects

Researchers observed participants over Zoom as they used high-potency cannabis they purchased themselves from dispensaries in Washington state, where recreational cannabis is legal. After administering cognitive tests, researchers found no impact on users' performance on decision-making tests in comparison to a sober group but did find memory impairments related to free recall, source memory and false memories. This study is one of the few to investigate cannabis flower and concentrates containing more than 10% THC.

Faulty memories of our past whereabouts: The fallacy of an airtight alibi

Where were you this time last week? How about two weeks ago? A month? Recalling where you were at a specific time on a specific date may seem like a simple task, but new research reveals that our recollections of our past whereabouts are often imperfect.

When taste and healthfulness compete, taste has a hidden advantage

You dash into a convenience store for a quick snack, spot an apple and reach for a candy bar instead. Poor self-control may not be the only factor behind your choice, new research suggests. That's because our brains process taste information first, before factoring in health information, according to new research.

'Fortunate accident' may yield immunity weapon against antibiotic-resistant bacteria

Researchers have announced an accidentally discovered, potentially game-changing treatment -- one that may one day provide an alternative immune-based solution to the danger of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.

Impulsiveness tied to faster eating in children, can lead to obesity

The research sought to uncover the relationship between temperament and eating behaviors in early childhood. The findings are critical because faster eating and greater responsiveness to food cues have been linked to obesity risk in children.

Rare genetic variants confer largest increase in type 2 diabetes risk seen to date

Scientists have identified rare genetic variants - carried by one in 3,000 people - that have a larger impact on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes than any previously identified genetic effect.

Gene therapy in early stages of Huntington's disease may slow down symptom progression

In a new study on mice, researchers report that using MRI scans to measure blood volume in the brain can serve as a noninvasive way to potentially track the progress of gene editing therapies for early-stage Huntington's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder that attacks brain cells.

Anti-androgen therapy can fuel spread of bone tumors in advanced prostate cancer

Anti-androgen therapy is commonly used to treat patients with advanced prostate cancer at stages where the disease has spread to the bones. However, new research has found that anti-androgen treatment can actually facilitate prostate cancer cells to adapt and grow in the bone tumor microenvironment model developed by biomedical scientists.

How vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) happens

Researchers recently discovered how, exactly, the COVID-19 vaccines that use adenovirus vectors trigger a rare but sometimes fatal blood clotting reaction called vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia, or VITT.

Study reveals how our immune system reacts to COVID-19 variants

New research into how our immune system responds to COVID-19 reveals that those infected by early variants in 2020 produced sustained antibodies, but these antibodies are not as effective against contemporary variants of the virus.

Mucus and mucins may become the medicine of the future

The body is filled with mucus that keeps track of the bacteria. Now, researchers present a method for producing artificial mucus. They hope that the artificial mucus, which consists of sugary molecules, may help to develop completely new, medical treatments.

Importance of teaching children about environmental issues

Environmental education provision needs greater investment and innovation if future generations are to be able to respond fully to the climate emergency, experts have said.

Context in science reporting affects beliefs about, and support for, science

How the media frame stories about science affects the public's perception about scientific accuracy and reliability, and one particular type of narrative can help ameliorate the harm to science's reputation sometimes caused by different journalistic approaches to scientific storytelling, according to a new study.

Personalized medicine for cats with heart disease

Veterinarians at the University of California, Davis, have found that a cat's DNA alters how it responds to a life-saving medication used to treat hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, a heart disease that affects 1 in 7 cats.